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Science News Archive 2023 - Page 92


Page 92 of 444

Valence conversion and site reconstruction in near-infrared-emitting chromium-activated garnet for simultaneous enhancement of quantum efficiency and thermal stability

Researchers developed a new garnet material with enhanced quantum efficiency and thermal stability, using chemical unit cosubstitution. The material shows promising applications in bio-tissue imaging, night-vision, and information encryption.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight Science & Applications·DateOct 12, 2023

Traumatic memories can rewire the brain

Researchers have discovered that traumatic memories create new neural networks and associations between distinct networks, enabling fear-based learning and recall. The study used optical and machine-learning approaches to visualize the dynamics of brain activity during memory formation.

SourceNational Institutes of Natural Sciences·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023

Red blood cell transfusion in the ICU

Red blood cell transfusions were common in ICU patients globally, with overlapping reasons for use despite differing clinical contexts. The three most common triggers for transfusion (hypotension, tachycardia, hemodynamic instability) were largely consistent across regions.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA·DateOct 12, 2023
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Self-correcting quantum computers within reach?

A Harvard team has successfully developed a self-correcting quantum computer using neutral atom arrays, achieving near-flawless performance with extremely low error rates. The breakthrough enables the creation of large-scale, error-corrected devices based on neutral atoms.

SourceHarvard University·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023

Widely tuneable terahertz lasers boost photo-induced superconductivity in K3C60

Scientists at Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter discovered a way to create a superconducting-like state in K3C60 using laser light. By tuning the laser frequency, they reduced pulse intensity by a factor of 100 while maintaining high temperatures.

SourceMax Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter·JournalNature Physics·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023

HKU and HKUST physicists unlock controllable nonlinear hall effect in twisted bilayer graphene - promising for diverse application in new materials and quantum information industries

A team of international researchers has discovered a controllable nonlinear Hall effect in twisted bilayer graphene, which holds promise for applications in new materials and quantum information industries. The nonlinear transport behaviour can be easily controlled and manipulated by adjusting the dispersion of flat bands and twist ang...

SourceThe University of Hong Kong·JournalPhysical Review Letters·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

New catalyst could provide liquid hydrogen fuel of the future

Researchers at Lund University have demonstrated a method for converting isopropanol into hydrogen using a solid catalyst, paving the way for a liquid fuel that can be delivered at a pump. The process has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and could be used in larger vehicles such as buses and aircraft.

SourceLund University·JournalCatalysis Science & Technology·DateOct 12, 2023

Plastic production via advanced recycling lowers GHG emissions

Producing new plastic via advanced recycling of post-use plastic reduces GHG emissions by 18-23% and fossil energy use by 65-70%. The study analyzed 2017-2021 data from eight companies and found a further 40-50% reduction when factoring in current end-of-life practices.

SourceDOE/Argonne National Laboratory·JournalJournal of Cleaner Production·DateOct 12, 2023

DNA methylation: The hidden mechanism enabling plants to adapt in a warmer world

A recent study found that temperature variations during asexual propagation induce significant hereditary epigenetic and phenotypic modifications in Fragaria vesca ecotypes. DNA methylation patterns play a crucial role in this process, with noticeable differences between 18℃ and 28℃ conditions.

SourceNanjing Agricultural University The Academy of Science·JournalHorticulture Research·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023

Unlocking the secrets of cold tolerance: a deep dive into tomato plants' molecular responses to chilling stress

This study examines the molecular dynamics of tomato seedlings under cold stress, revealing transcriptional reprogramming and cryoprotectant biosynthesis. The results highlight the importance of understanding plant responses to environmental stressors and their impact on crop health.

SourceNanjing Agricultural University The Academy of Science·JournalHorticulture Research·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Polyoxometalates and ionic liquid enhance solid-state lithium-ion electrolyte performance

Researchers have developed a composite solid electrolyte membrane that increases the ion conductivity of solid-state electrolytes, enabling safer and more efficient lithium-ion batteries. The addition of polyoxometalates and an ionic liquid enhances lithium ion movement, achieving three times higher conductivity than membranes prepared...

SourceTsinghua University Press·JournalPolyoxometalates·DateOct 12, 2023

What can we learn from the Great Resignation?

A study by the Complexity Science Hub analyzed work discourse on Reddit between 2018 and 2021, finding that mental health concerns significantly contributed to the surge in quit rates. The study suggests that companies can improve working conditions by prioritizing employees' relational and self-fulfillment needs.

SourceComplexity Science Hub·JournalEPJ Data Science·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateOct 12, 2023

Self-wrinkling coating for impact resistance and mechanical enhancement

Researchers developed a self-wrinkled coating that boosts impact resistance and mechanical enhancement through a unique photo-polymerization process. The coating's microphase-separated structure and gradient cross-linked architecture enable energy dissipation and improved performance, outperforming conventional methods.

SourceScience China Press·JournalScience Bulletin·DateOct 12, 2023

Size matters: How body size shapes dogs' aging patterns

A study of 15,000 dogs found that body size significantly impacts aging patterns, with smaller dogs living longer and experiencing slower decline rates. Larger dogs show an earlier onset of age-related decline but maintain cognitive health longer.

SourceEötvös Loránd University·JournalGeroScience·DateOct 12, 2023
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Hostile sexism linked to less responsive parenting

A new study finds that fathers and mothers who hold sexist attitudes towards men's power and authority exhibit less responsive parenting behavior, which can lead to behavioral issues and lower academic achievement. The research highlights the need for addressing hostile sexism to improve child well-being and reduce gender inequality.

SourceSociety for Personality and Social Psychology·JournalSocial Psychological and Personality Science·TypeSurvey·DateOct 12, 2023

Coffee and cocoa plants at risk from pollinator loss

A new study reveals that tropical crops relying on insect pollinators are under threat from climate change and agricultural activities. The research found significant declines in insect pollinator abundance and richness, with the tropics being the most vulnerable region.

SourceUniversity College London·JournalScience Advances·DateOct 12, 2023

Roundup ingredient connected to epidemic levels of chronic kidney disease

A Duke University study found glyphosate, active in Roundup, in high levels of wells supplying drinking water to Sri Lankan communities plagued by chronic kidney disease (CKDu). Elevated fluoride and vanadium also linked to CKDu were discovered. Glyphosate's persistence in hard water poses concerns for exposure.

SourceDuke University·JournalEnvironmental Science & Technology Letters·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 11, 2023

Chaos Raman distributed optical fiber sensing

A new technique using chaotic laser and quadratic correlation algorithm improves spatial resolution of traditional sensors, enabling centimeter-level detection at 1.5 km distance. The approach optimizes signal-to-noise ratio and resolves the pulse width limitation.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight Science & Applications·DateOct 11, 2023
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

New insights on Neanderthal cuisine. Plos One has just published a study that sums up twenty years of archaeological excavations with a striking conclusion: Neanderthals were as intelligent as Homo sapiens

Neanderthals demonstrated intelligence and symbolic thought through their ability to control fire and cook food. Their varied diet consisted of cooked meats, fish, and other food sources, showcasing their advanced cognitive abilities.

SourceUniversità di Trento·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 11, 2023

Large swings in past ocean oxygen revealed

Scientists have found evidence of past oxygen loss in the world's oceans during glacial periods, indicating that current climate change may not be permanent. The discovery was made by analyzing seafloor sediments from the past 145,000 years, which showed a build-up of cobalt during the last ice age.

SourceUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa·JournalGeophysical Research Letters·TypeContent analysis·DateOct 11, 2023

Flooding that closed Alaska's Dalton Highway also caused widespread ground sinking

Researchers found that flooding led to subsidence, with areas flooded experiencing hotspots of subsidence exceeding 3 inches over a few years. The study used satellite data from 2015-2019 and found that subsidence was most pronounced in flooded locations, particularly those with high ice content.

SourceUniversity of Alaska Fairbanks·JournalPermafrost and Periglacial Processes·DateOct 11, 2023
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

No benefit of common shoulder treatment over placebo

A new trial suggests that ultrasound-guided lavage and steroid injections for calcific tendinopathy provide no meaningful benefits over placebo. The study's findings question the use of these treatments and should lead to a critical reconsideration of existing treatment guidelines.

SourceBMJ Group·JournalThe BMJ·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateOct 11, 2023

Mummified poop reveals pre-Columbian cultures of the Caribbean consumed a diversity of plants, with peanuts, papaya, maize, and even cotton and tobacco detected

A study published in PLOS ONE reveals that pre-Columbian Caribbean cultures consumed a wide variety of plants, including sweet potato, chili peppers, and domesticated tomatoes. The analysis also detected tobacco and cotton, challenging the traditional staple food narrative.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeObservational study·DateOct 11, 2023

New research finds greater continuity of psychotherapy after shift to telehealth

A large population-level study found that patients with mental health conditions experienced fewer disruptions in care after the transition to virtual psychotherapy, with a shorter time between appointments. Individuals with depressive, anxiety, or bipolar disorders were more likely to maintain consistent visits.

SourceAmerican Psychiatric Association·JournalPsychiatric Services·TypeSystematic review·DateOct 11, 2023
Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro)

Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro) powers local ML workloads, large datasets, and multi-display analysis for field and lab teams.

Tens of thousands of endangered sharks and rays caught off Congo

A recent study by the University of Exeter and Wildlife Conservation Society found tens of thousands of endangered sharks and rays are caught annually off the Republic of the Congo. Most of these species are juveniles and vulnerable to extinction.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalConservation Science and Practice·DateOct 11, 2023

Plastic use in agriculture must be reduced, according to new research

A recent study emphasizes the need to reduce plastic use in agriculture to mitigate pollution and prevent toxic chemicals from entering the soil and food chain. Innovative recycling methods are crucial to protecting the environment and human health. The researchers suggest adopting a strategic approach, including responsible usage, red...

SourceRutgers University·JournalNature Communications·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateOct 11, 2023

Study clearly identifies nutrients as a driver of the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt

The study found that the nutrient content of Sargassum tissue can help determine enrichment sources and improve predictions for managing the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt. The researchers identified enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus levels in the seaweed, indicating a thriving population.

SourceWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution·JournalNature Communications·TypeObservational study·DateOct 11, 2023

Peregrine falcons set off false alarms to make prey easier to catch

Scientists have found evidence that peregrine falcons deliberately exhaust their prey to improve later hunting success. By provoking the prey into early flocking, the peregrines deprive them of opportunities to forage and energy needed to continue flocking later in the day.

SourceFrontiers·JournalFrontiers in Ethology·TypeObservational study·DateOct 11, 2023

Sustainable living technology

New technology enables self-sustaining modules to assemble, disassemble and recycle, offering unprecedented sustainability for electronic devices. The innovation is part of a larger field of Microelectronic Morphogenesis, which aims to replicate living systems through controlled form creation.

SourceChemnitz University of Technology·JournalAdvanced Materials·TypeMeta-analysis·DateOct 11, 2023
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

Researchers unravel cross-species pain-preferential neural pathway

A study published in Nature Human Behaviour has uncovered a neural pathway preferentially involved in pain perception across species. The researchers identified the central role of the medial-dorsal thalamic nucleus in pain perception, which exhibited a more pronounced activation in response to painful stimuli.

SourceChinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters·JournalNature Human Behaviour·TypeObservational study·DateOct 11, 2023

Civics test policy fails to increase youth voter turnout, researchers find

Researchers found that US states with civics tests did not see an increase in youth voter turnout, contradicting the original intention of the policy. Instead, they recommend integrating practical information on voter registration into social studies curricula.

SourcePenn State·JournalEducational Evaluation and Policy Analysis·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateOct 11, 2023

“Starquakes” could explain mystery signals

Researchers found distinct similarities between starquakes and earthquakes, but a difference with solar flares. The team analyzed nearly 7,000 bursts from three repeater FRB sources, comparing them to earthquake and solar flare data.

SourceUniversity of Tokyo·JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society·TypeObservational study·DateOct 11, 2023

Scientists raised key questions of solar wind–moon interaction

Researchers examine the complex interactions between solar wind and the Moon's surface environment, including small-scale magnetic fields, lunar swirls, and regolith layer dynamics. The study highlights the need for further in-situ observations to understand these processes and their implications for human activities on the Moon.

SourceBeijing Institute of Technology Press Co., Ltd·JournalSpace Science & Technology·DateOct 11, 2023
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

Absorption of light by molecules has applications in microscopy, medicine and data storage

A Brazilian physicist has developed an alternative method that reduces calculation time for simulating light absorption by molecules from two days to a few hours. This allows for high-resolution microscopy and the creation of precise 3D structures for data storage, with potential applications in medicinal treatments.

SourceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo·JournalThe Journal of Chemical Physics·DateOct 11, 2023

Trial results indicate potential for organ transplantation without long-term immunosuppression

A new clinical trial has shown that infusing immune cells from living donors into recipients before transplantation may reduce the need for lifelong immunosuppressant medication. The treatment involves infusing donor-derived regulatory dendritic cells, which help the recipient's immune system distinguish between foreign and self-cells.

SourceUniversity of Pittsburgh·JournalScience Translational Medicine·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateOct 11, 2023
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Certain navigational mistakes could be early signs of Alzheimer’s disease

A study using virtual reality led by UCL researchers found people with early Alzheimer's consistently overestimated turns and showed increased variability in sense of direction. These specific impairments were not observed in healthy older participants or those with mild cognitive impairment.

SourceUniversity College London·JournalCurrent Biology·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 11, 2023

Phonon engineering in Yb:La2CaB10O19 crystal for extended lasing beyond the fluorescence spectrum

Researchers successfully extend lasing beyond the fluorescence spectrum of Yb-doped La2CaB10O19 crystal through phonon engineering. Theoretical calculations predict a broadband emission spectrum with increased phonon numbers, demonstrating potential for self-frequency doubling and various applications.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight Science & Applications·DateOct 11, 2023

NIA grant supports training of next generation of translational scientists for Alzheimer’s disease therapeutic development

Researchers at the University of Arizona Health Sciences will train the next generation of translational scientists in Alzheimer's disease research through a $1.4 million grant. The program aims to develop highly trained, cross-disciplinary researchers to address the complex challenges of this devastating neurodegenerative disorder.

SourceUniversity of Arizona Health Sciences·DateOct 11, 2023

Risk for dementia varies by ethnicity, study finds

A new study analyzing English primary care records found that hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and low HDL cholesterol confer a higher risk of dementia in South Asian and Black people compared to White individuals. The results suggest tailored dementia prevention efforts should be targeted towards minority ethnic groups.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeObservational study·DateOct 11, 2023
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Significant development in mild cognitive impairment treatment revealed in Australia

A clinical trial led by Western Sydney University's NICM Health Research Institute has revealed that Sailuotong, a novel herbal extract, shows promise as a potential treatment for mild cognitive impairment. The study found improvements in memory and executive function in participants taking SLT compared to those on a placebo.

SourceNICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University·JournalAlzheimer s & Dementia·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateOct 11, 2023

"farmer wants a wife" is more real than you think, a study finds

A study by Michał Gulczyński reveals a strong relationship between population density and sex ratios, indicating imbalanced marriage markets in rural areas. The researcher found that men tend to outnumber women in rural areas due to gender-specific migration patterns.

SourceBocconi University·JournalPopulation and Development Review·DateOct 11, 2023
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

New methodology to study the intricacies of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease

Researchers have developed a new microscopy technique using STED technology to visualize individual fibers in amyloid plaques, providing higher resolution than conventional light microscopy. This breakthrough allows for better understanding of the structure and morphology of Aβ aggregates and their role in Alzheimer's disease progression.

SourceUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona·JournalCell & Bioscience·TypeImaging analysis·DateOct 11, 2023

Drug-filled nanocapsule helps make immunotherapy more effective in mice

Researchers developed a nanocapsule that reduces lactate levels and releases hydrogen peroxide, recruiting and activating immune cells to attack tumors. The approach increased immune cell activity by 2-5-fold, improving cancer immunotherapy success rates.

SourceUniversity of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences·JournalScience Translational Medicine·DateOct 11, 2023

TikTok may help farmers cultivate empathy around climate change

A new study found that TikTok videos posted by farmers can trigger emotional empathy in viewers, but cognitive empathy is less successful. The platform offers a unique opportunity for farmers to connect with consumers and promote sustainable agriculture practices.

SourcePenn State·JournalJournal of Rural Studies·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateOct 11, 2023

New study links intestinal glycan modifications to obesity and inflammation

Research at Chiba University discovered that N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulfation of mucin glycans prevents obesity and inflammation in a murine model. The findings suggest that enhancing sulfation may improve the barrier function of epithelial tissues, providing relief against intestinal inflammation.

SourceChiba University·JournalJCI Insight·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 11, 2023
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

Journal honors pioneering scientist with new series

The American Phytopathological Society has created a new series of distinguished reviews in honor of Harold H. Flor, who developed the gene-for-gene concept in plant pathology. The series presents authoritative reviews on molecular plant-microbe interactions, providing a historical perspective and future directions for research.

SourceAmerican Phytopathological Society·JournalMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions·DateOct 11, 2023

The prevalence of malaria infections varies among migrant populations

A systematic review by ISGlobal found that malaria parasite prevalence is highest in migrants from the Sub-Saharan region, particularly those from Central Africa. The study included 23 studies with a total of 4,203 participants tested for malaria parasites.

SourceBarcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal)·JournalClinical Microbiology and Infection·TypeSystematic review·DateOct 11, 2023