Researchers found that statin users can engage in moderate-intensity exercise without exacerbating muscle injury or symptoms. The study's findings are reassuring for people experiencing muscle pain or fatigue from statins and provide important guidance for maintaining physical activity and heart health.
Research finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying chemicals are increasing, primarily due to their use in alternative products. These potent greenhouse gases affect the climate, equivalent to CO2 emissions from a smaller country like Switzerland, and may negate some benefits of the Montreal Protocol.
Scientists have detected various prebiotic molecules, including hydrogen cyanide and fullerenes, in the Perseus Molecular Cloud. The presence of these molecules near forming planets could contribute to the formation of complex organic molecules, potentially supplying ancient micro-organisms with the genetic code.
A new study from Mass General Brigham researchers found that early menopause may be a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease dementia. However, women who received hormone therapy around the time of menopause onset did not experience an increased risk of dementia. The study suggests that timing is crucial when it comes to hormone therapy, ...
A new study published in Nature Conservation found that pangolin scales are widely available in Chinese hospitals and pharmaceutical shops, despite a lack of effective regulation. The research reveals that 46% of surveyed hospitals and 34% of surveyed shops were selling pangolin scale products illegally.
A new live attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine administered through the nose has shown better immunity than injected vaccines in hamster models, reducing transmissibility. The vaccine stimulates local immunity by activating antibody immunoglobulin A and memory T cells, providing early protection against COVID-19.
Researchers found that lipid nanoparticles stimulate innate immune cells more efficiently in younger individuals, but less so in older adults. The study suggests that understanding the immune response to LNPs can help develop strategies to improve vaccine responses in the aged population.
Researchers analyzed 2,571 patients treated with monoclonal antibodies and found a 39% reduced risk of hospitalization or death compared to non-treated peers. The study also showed greater benefit in patients with immunocompromising conditions and those treated earlier during the pandemic.
Researchers developed a new reconstruction method for 3D imaging using integrated circuits, enabling non-destructive nanoscale imaging. The approach uses X-ray ptychographic tomography and deep learning to reduce acquisition time and improve fidelity, with potential applications in IC imaging, biology, and material science.
Researchers found that the Wt1 gene plays a key role in the development of endothelial cells during coronary vessel formation. The study's findings suggest that the deletion of this gene disrupts coronary angiogenesis and myocardium development.
Researchers analyzed decades' worth of Landsat imagery to globally attribute recent river regime changes to morphological or hydrological signals. Global-scale prioritization guidance is provided for future river protection and restoration efforts under the UN 2030 Agenda.
Researchers developed a high-speed prediction model combining physical simulations and machine learning, achieving high accuracy without compromising computation time. The technology uses correspondence between input physical conditions and abstract data space handled by machine learning algorithms.
A new study reveals the mechanism of BRCA2's DNA repair function, understanding its role in breast and ovarian cancer development. The findings also provide insights into developing targeted cancer therapies by inhibiting DNA repair mechanisms.
Researchers discovered genetically identical bacterial cells have different functions, with some producing toxins. Nutrient-rich conditions reduce toxin levels and bad actor cells. This finding could lead to alternative antibiotic treatments for animals and humans.
Max Planck scientists explore the possibilities of artificial intelligence in materials science, discussing how combining physics-based modeling with AI can unlock complex material designs. The research focuses on overcoming limitations of traditional methods and handling sparse, noisy data.
Researchers have developed an online tool, the 'Tree-Based Alignment Selector (T-BAS) toolkit', to identify and monitor plant pathogens, including Phytophthora species responsible for devastating plant diseases. The tool provides a living 'tree of life' with genetic sequence data, evolutionary history, and relationships within groups.
A team of researchers has developed non-invasive, 3D-printed graphene-based sensors that can accurately monitor brain activity. The new dry sensors show promise for enabling 'mind-controlled' robots and expanding the applications of brain-machine interfaces.
A comprehensive study found that individuals who maintained their drinking habits during the pandemic had lower prevalence of mental health issues compared to those who abstained or experienced changes. The research also identified groups with stronger associations between alcohol consumption and mental health outcomes.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that more US prostate cancer patients are choosing active surveillance, a preferred treatment option for low-risk cancers. The study also highlights disparities by race, ethnicity, income, and rurality in receiving active surveillance.
Researchers have overcome a significant barrier to using 2D materials by designing covalent organic frameworks that retain their mechanical properties even when stacked into multiple layers. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize various applications, including filtration and battery technology.
A new study by Cornell University researchers found that being a woman or racial minority can help someone stand out in memory, but also increases the likelihood of confusion when others share similar attributes. The findings suggest that biases in memory may contribute to discrimination and have significant implications for career adv...
A recent study by the University of Jyväskylä found that good physical fitness in children does not reduce low-grade inflammation, which is a key factor in childhood obesity. Higher body fat percentage and waist circumference were strongly associated with higher low-grade inflammation levels.
Researchers have linked higher lithium levels in drinking water to a moderately higher risk of autism spectrum disorder in offspring. The study found that mothers living in urban areas had a slightly stronger association between lithium exposure and autism risk.
A recent study found that ocean warming triggers dinoRNAV infections in coral colonies, intensified in unhealthy colonies. This is the first empirical evidence of reef-wide dynamics of viruses infecting coral symbionts during heat waves.
A recent US study found that people living with HIV performed worse on cognitive tests after SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to those without HIV, but these differences were attributable to HIV rather than COVID-19. However, vaccinated individuals experienced declines in processing speed following COVID-19.
A new study reveals that only one affordable prenatal supplement meets nutritional guidelines, but its high cost and complex dosing regimen make it inaccessible to many. The study calls for improved nutritional care during pregnancy and more research on nutrient-dense foods.
A new method using a back propagation neural network improves the accuracy of orbit prediction and position error covariance prediction for space targets. The method reduces prediction errors by up to 170m compared to existing models.
Recent climate change has led to an expansion of marine predator ranges into Arctic waters, resulting in increased species richness and altered community compositions. The study found that apex predators such as whales and sharks have migrated northwards, while mesopredators like fish and crabs showed more limited range shifts.
Researchers developed a non-invasive diagnostic test called PANDORA that accurately identified patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and pre-cancerous conditions. The test, which measures dielectrophoresis in cells, shows over 92% accuracy in detecting oral cancer.
Researchers engineered a lightweight material by fine-tuning interlayer interactions in 2D polymers, retaining desirable mechanical properties even as a multilayer stack. The material's strong interlayer interaction is attributed to hydrogen bonding among special functional groups.
A new study from the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience proposes a roadmap to solve the controversy surrounding the human brain's ability to regenerate. Researchers critically discussed and re-analyzed previously published single-cell transcriptomics datasets, revealing that markers used in mouse studies may not be suitable for hum...
Research reveals that cold activates cellular cleansing mechanisms that break down protein clumps, preventing age-related diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. By modulating proteasome activity, scientists have found a potential therapeutic target for aging and related neurodegenerative disorders.
Researchers discovered that ocular drifts, tiny jitters in the eyes, can be influenced by prior knowledge of expected visual targets, indicating a surprising level of cognitive control. This study adds to our understanding of how vision is controlled and directed by cognitive processes.
A new study published in The European Heart Journal – Digital Health found that smart watch data can predict a higher risk of developing heart failure and irregular heart rhythms. Researchers used machine learning to analyze ECG recordings from wearable devices and identified extra beats as indicators of increased cardiovascular risk.
Researchers at Ruhr University Bochum have observed a sudden change in pH value after a proton is released from pyranine molecules excited by light. The study used new technology to capture the process in real-time, revealing an oscillation that subsides over time and promotes excited-state proton transfer.
A North Carolina State University-led study found that household dust can contain DNA from residents and non-occupants over 90% of the time. This could aid investigators in finding clues in difficult cases, particularly in establishing ancestry and physical characteristics.
A study by Catherine Maclean investigates the effect of state and local paid sick leave mandates on individuals with mental health disorders. The research aims to estimate causal relationships between PSL mandates and access to mental healthcare, as well as indicators of quality care received.
Researchers used silk from silkworms and spiders to create nerve conduits that successfully repaired severed nerves in animal models. The study found that the porous walls of silkworm silk tubes allowed for nutrient exchange, while spider silk threads served as a guiding structure for regenerating tissue.
Texas A&M researchers have found a significant increase in energy storage capacity of water-based battery electrodes, paving the way for safer and more stable batteries. The discovery could provide an alternative to lithium-ion batteries, which are facing material shortages and price increases.
A global study reveals a bi-directional relationship between antibiotic consumption and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) between humans and animals. The study finds that higher animal antibiotic use increases AMR in human pathogens, while higher human antibiotic use increases AMR in food-producing animals.
A recent Baycrest study found that older adults are less able to distinguish between computer-generated and human speech compared to younger counterparts. This diminished ability could be related to older adults' reduced capacity to recognize emotions in speech, highlighting the need for AI-related training programs.
Research in England finds higher COVID-19 case rates among Bangladeshis, Pakistanis, Muslims, Sikhs, and those disadvantaged in wave 2. In contrast, White British, Christians, healthy individuals, and relatively affluent people had higher rates in wave 3.
Climate change is expected to impact northern peatlands, a key carbon storage ecosystem. A recent study found that rising temperatures and increased carbon dioxide levels can disrupt the delicate balance between nitrogen fixation and methane oxidation, leading to unpredictable outcomes.
A major international study published in Nature Genetics has provided new insights into the genetics of preterm birth and pregnancy length. The research reveals a mutually antagonistic effect between the woman's and unborn child's genes, favoring earlier labor for the mother's survival and extending pregnancy for the child's weight gain.
A recent Brazilian study found that the Spike protein from SARS-CoV-2 is implicated in post-COVID-19 memory loss, with researchers identifying TLR4 receptor as a potential therapeutic target. The study involved experiments with mice and showed that infusion of the Spike protein induced delayed memory impairment.
A new study published in CMAJ found that privately sponsored refugees were more likely to receive adequate prenatal care than government-assisted refugees in Ontario. The study analyzed data from over 5000 pregnant women and found a significant difference in the use of prenatal care services between the two groups.
The study found that Ponatinib inhibits Src-mediated ESCC malignancy with no toxic effect on normal cells. Src interacts with Fyn or Lyn to form heterodimers, which play a key role in ESCC development. Overactivation of specific tyrosine residues can be used as biomarkers for ESCC prognosis.
A study on robot deception found that participants were overly trusting of AI and required explicit admission of lying in apologies to repair trust. Apologies that did not admit to deception were more effective at repairing trust, suggesting a need for designers to understand the ramifications of their design choices.
Exposure to female odours causes weight loss and extends the life spans of mice, potentially influencing human metabolism and ageing. The study found that male mice exposed to female odours experienced increased energy expenditure and reduced body fat levels.
A recent project at KAUST has reported multifunctional logic gates that offer users a range of hardware security advantages, including tamper protection and watermarking. The gates use spintronic devices called magnetic tunnel junctions, which can be easily switchable and obscure their layout, making them hard to reverse engineer.
Researchers at UCC and Columbia University have developed a new machine learning approach called TrebuNet to accurately estimate future transport demands, which collectively account for 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions. The new method achieves superior performance compared to traditional regression methods and neural networks, pr...
Researchers successfully add purified curcumin to probiotic yogurt, preserving its dissolved form and enhancing its health properties. The study shows that the curcumin inhibits yeast, fungi, and bacteria growth while maintaining the recommended levels of beneficial lactic acid bacteria.
A new study reveals that the English language is biased towards addition when it comes to improvement, leading people to overcomplicate things. This linguistic bias is found at multiple levels of language structure and use, influencing decisions and behavior.
Researchers designed a mechanism for peer-to-peer energy trading in smart grids using a blockchain-based environment and an Arrow-d’Aspremont-Gerard-Varet (AGV) system to ensure security, efficiency, and transparency. The study found that the AGV mechanism is Bayesian incentive-compatible and budget-balanced under weak participation re...
Researchers developed a novel energy-saving approach using the seagull optimization algorithm to address both power usage and network traffic in edge-cloud data centers. The study showed a 5.5% decrease in energy consumption, 70% reduction in network traffic and 80% cutback in power consumption of network components.
A University of Otago study finds that 40% of people diagnosed with HIV in Aotearoa were diagnosed late, highlighting the need for improved awareness and access to testing services. Early diagnosis is crucial for successful treatment and preventing transmission to sexual partners.
A printable multi-energy X-ray detector made from perovskite thin films has been developed with enhanced flexibility and sensitivity. The detector can operate in a broad energy range, from 0.1 KeV to tens of KeV, making it suitable for real-time detection and imaging applications such as disease diagnosis and explosives detection.
A team of scientists has developed an AI model that can accurately predict ocean wave sizes, reducing the need for expensive and time-consuming numerical methods. The ConvLSTM model outperforms existing methods in terms of accuracy and efficiency, paving the way for real-time ocean forecasting.
A large typhoid outbreak on a Dutch ship was traced to contaminated drinking water, with 72 cases confirmed. The investigation found that sewage containing Salmonella typhi leaked into freshwater tanks, highlighting the importance of regular water quality inspections.
A recent study from the National Eye Institute has discovered rare genetic variants that may be driving age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a chronic inflammatory response in the retina. The variants affect the stability of the membrane attack complex (MAC), which could lead to destructive inflammation and AMD progression.