A new device called frequency-modulated Faraday rotation (FM-FRS) spectrometer was developed for rapid detection of hydroxyl radicals. The device achieved a detection limit of 6.8×10^8 molecules/cm³ with high precision and selectivity.
Researchers have developed MN-predict, a platform that identifies individuals at high risk of acute myeloid leukemia and related cancers. The test requires a blood sample and can be used to design new treatments and prevent the development of these cancers.
A new study finds that integrating longitudinal tobacco cessation care into lung cancer screening improves quit rates and enhances the benefits of screenings. Researchers recommend incorporating behavioral treatment and medication into the screening process to help smokers quit.
Researchers found that mutations in blood stem cells can promote the development of colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) by increasing blood vessel formation. Blocking certain drugs, such as axitinib, inhibited CAC tumor growth in mice with clonal hematopoiesis, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies.
A new study found that voluntary collective isolation alone was ineffective in preventing the spread of COVID-19 among the Amazonian Tsimané. The researchers used a computer model and serological testing to confirm their predictions, showing nearly identical infection rates across communities.
The 3D-BRICKS project aims to develop a new family of 3D nanotransistors using DNA technologies, reducing production costs and increasing computing power. By leveraging carbon nanotubes and self-assembling materials, researchers hope to create compact and efficient nano-transistors.
A new study has discovered hundreds of mummified bees from the time of Pharaoh Siamun, which have provided valuable insights into the decline of bee populations. The bees were found in a fossilized state on the southwest coast of Portugal and preserved the smallest anatomical details, including sex and pollen supply.
A new fund to fast-track patient access to potentially valuable new medicines may incentivise the pharmaceutical industry to develop high-priced drugs for rare diseases with weak clinical evidence. The NHS England Innovative Medicines Fund risks disincentivising the generation of essential evidence if not implemented appropriately.
A four-wave cohort study followed 800 children from age 10-16 to examine correlations between social media use and symptoms of anxiety and depression. The results showed no causal link, regardless of whether children used social media for self-expression or social interaction.
Cattle farming expansion and unchecked climate change would expose over 1 billion cows to heat stress, impacting animal welfare and farm income. Cutting carbon emissions rapidly can reduce these impacts by 50-84%, protecting cattle in some regions.
Scientists developed a novel technique to evaluate carbon particle dispersion in battery electrode slurries, enabling enhanced battery electrodes. The study's results show that measuring viscosity and electrochemical impedance can provide insights into dispersibility.
A CRISPR-Cas3 system has restored dystrophin protein function in induced pluripotent stem cells from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The approach uses a dual CRISPR RNA method to remove large sections of the dystrophin gene, yielding truncated but still functional proteins for various mutation patterns.
Scientists at Van Andel Institute have discovered processes that enable the brain to adapt to damage in movement, cognition, and sensory perception circuits. This finding may help optimize current treatments or develop new ones that repair or bypass broken circuits.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital evaluated ChatGPT's recommendations for cancer treatment aligned with National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines. They found that approximately one-third of the chatbot's responses were non-concordant, highlighting its limitations in clinical decision-making.
Researchers have discovered numerous small-scale 'picoflare' jets within a coronal hole, which could supply energy and plasma to the solar wind. These widespread yet faint jets are powered by magnetic reconnection and appear to be a key component of space weather within the heliosphere.
The CABINET trial showed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in progression-free survival for patients with pancreatic and extra-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The study also demonstrated a consistent safety profile for cabozantinib, with no new safety signals identified.
A new study published in the Journal of Vascular Access found that subcutaneous anchors are more effective than adhesive securement devices in preventing catheter dislodgement. The study showed a significant reduction in unplanned catheter replacements and complications, with SecurAcath demonstrating a 99% success rate.
A study published in Scientific Reports found that ChatGPT achieved similar or higher average grades than university students in 9 of 32 courses, with notable strengths in 'Introduction to Public Policy'. The survey also revealed that 74% of students would use ChatGPT for assignments, while educators underestimated this trend
Researchers created highly crystalline All graphene macrostructures with micro-to-macro scalable electrical properties using a novel covalent growth technique. The approach achieved a 100-fold increase in cross-layer conductivity compared to non-covalent assembly methods.
Researchers found pronounced growth spurts in both body weight and length in bonobos, mirroring patterns seen in humans. The study's scale-corrected approach revealed similar hormone surges and corresponding growth curves in both species, highlighting a potential evolutionary connection.
The South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute's program provides early-career clinicians with the time and training needed to establish a sustainable portfolio of clinical trials. Scholars attend 'meet the expert' presentations, discuss strategies with mentors, and select suitable trials.
A new study found that increased paternal involvement in childcare is associated with lower risk of developmental delay and promotes young children's development by reducing maternal parenting stress. High levels of paternal engagement yield advantages for both children and mothers.
Researchers at the University of Texas Medical Branch have identified a possible treatment for Lassa fever, a highly infectious and often fatal disease. A new monoclonal antibody cocktail, Arevirumab-3, was shown to successfully treat cynomolgus monkeys infected with the virus in advanced stages.
Researchers investigated SARS-CoV-2 responses in 222 donors from Central Africa, Europe and East Asia. They found disparities in immune responses due to blood cell composition, latent cytomegalovirus infection and human genetic factors. These population differences may help improve patient management in future epidemics.
HSE biologists explain how coronavirus evolves from Wuhan variant to Omicron, highlighting the crucial role of microRNA molecules in the process. The study found that substitutions in the viral genome disrupted microRNA binding regions, leading to the emergence of more contagious and resilient strains.
A new approach to quantum light emitters generates circularly polarized single photons, a crucial step towards quantum cryptography and information processing. The innovation uses a proximity-effect approach to produce low-cost fabrication and reliability.
Researchers have identified an essential stage in the takeover of rice cells by a fungus, which could accelerate treatment or prevention of rice blast disease. The discovery involves a modification in tRNA molecules that aid in protein construction, and its absence leads to reduced virulence.
Researchers have developed a new material that can transform flat surfaces into complex, curved structures using plant-inspired pneumatic cells. The system, inspired by the shape-memory properties of certain leaves, allows for dynamic morphing without compromising mechanical stability.
A new framework, SHARC, provides a way for shore-based scientists, citizen scientists, and the public to collaborate with robotic sampling processes. The framework enables remote participants to conduct shipboard operations and control robotic manipulators using basic internet connection and consumer-grade hardware.
Researchers from Zhejiang University have discovered that Polygonatum sibiricum contains a significant amount of fructo-oligosaccharides, approximately 30% of the dry rhizome. These prebiotics promote gut health by fostering beneficial bacteria growth.
Researchers use surface normal nonlinear photodetector to improve speed and energy efficiency of diffractive optical neural networks. The new device can perform high-speed image and video processing at the speed of light in an extremely energy efficient manner.
Scientists at NTU Singapore have developed a flexible, human cornea-thin battery that can store electricity from saline solution. The battery could power smart contact lenses with displays and augmented reality capabilities.
Researchers at UCLA have found that embedding study recruitment in pre-appointment check-in pages can increase participation rates up to 40 times higher than traditional methods. The new technique, called preCheck-in recruitment, resulted in a socio-demographically representative patient population without financial incentives or staff...
Researchers found AI chatbot responses to top cancer queries are generally accurate but lack actionable information. These limitations suggest relying on chatbots for supplementary purposes rather than primary medical information.
A new methodology, developed by USGS researchers, integrates earthquake-induced ground failures with ground shaking hazards to provide a comprehensive forecast for pipeline damage. This approach is crucial for identifying potential damage in buried gas pipelines covering hundreds of kilometers.
The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a synbiotic medical food, SBD111, in maintaining lumbar spine bone mineral density with aging. The researchers hope to provide new dietary interventions for preventing osteoporosis and fractures.
A new study suggests that one branch of plant immunity evolved early during terrestrial evolution, enabling plants to establish themselves on dry land. The research found that pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) is conserved in non-vascular plants, such as liverwort Marchantia polymorpha.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine discovered a new relationship between cancer cells and the immune system, showing how prolonged activation of the STING pathway leads to cellular signaling changes that aid cancer's spread. This finding explains why drugs activating STING have been unsuccessful in clinical trials.
A research team at Ritsumeikan University has identified the elusive ApiT gene in celery, crucial for apiin synthesis. The discovery may pave the way for efficient biosynthesis of apiin, a compound with potential health benefits and medicinal uses.
A graduate student's accidental discovery sheds light on how squash bug nymphs acquire essential bacteria. Researchers found that the nymphs eat adult feces to obtain the necessary microbes, an elegant solution to a basic problem. This finding may offer insights for improved methods to control squash bugs, a significant agricultural pest.
Researchers at EPFL have developed the Backtracking Dynamical Cavity Method (BDCM) to study disordered systems, which are found in materials science, climate, and social networks. By tracing steps backward from stable points, the BDCM provides valuable insights into complex system dynamics.
Matthew Sfeir will receive a $1.25 million grant to measure the quantum properties of conducting organic polymers using far-infrared and terahertz light sources. The research aims to develop transparent electrical conductors for advanced photonic and quantum-based technologies.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center discovered that prolonged activation of the STING pathway leads to desensitization and cellular signaling changes that aid cancer's spread. This finding helps explain why drugs activating STING have been unsuccessful in clinical trials.
Researchers extract ocean temperatures from barnacle shells, which provide clues to the plane's drift path and origin. The method may help investigators narrow their search in the Indian Ocean.
Researchers found that certain anti-cancer compounds cause distinct nucleolar shapes and stress, which can be measured using a new classification system. This discovery could lead to improved understanding of why some drugs fail in clinical trials, providing a potential tool for identifying promising drug candidates.
MIT researchers developed a new algorithm that can execute complex maneuvers like loops and rolls for tailsitter aircraft, enabling agile trajectories with fast-changing accelerations. The algorithm uses differential flatness to ensure feasibility and planning in real-time.
A new study by USC and Columbia University reveals that lower-middle class Americans nearing retirement age face poorer health, worse economic outcomes, and lower homeownership rates. The 'forgotten middle' group lacks adequate resources to cover healthcare and housing costs.
Researchers discovered that sensory neurons grow end organs tailored to their specific skin type, rather than predetermined programming. This finding could lead to new therapies for damaged or diseased nerves and better understanding of congenital neuropathies.
The University of Missouri is launching a five-year, $3 million doctoral training program to prepare the next generation of scientists and engineers for emerging fields like materials science and data science. The program aims to empower future workers with both technical expertise and data-driven insights.
A new study reveals that digital hugs can be cultivated through the development of social skills and attention to norms and conventions in online interactions. By understanding how people interact with each other online, researchers have identified a key factor in creating meaningful connections: 'digital tact.'
Researchers at the University of Sydney have developed a nanoscale optical technique to monitor protein aggregates forming in cells, which can lead to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and ALS. The study provides a new window into the transition of proteins from liquid to solid phase.
Researchers developed a digital biomarker that detects early signs of Alzheimer's disease using EEG headbands, identifying abnormal levels of proteins in sleep patterns. The study found measurable problems with memory reactivation in 205 aging adults, paving the way for affordable devices to monitor brain health.
A recent NIH-supported study found a significant association between a genetic variant in people of African ancestry and an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease. The variant, in the GBA1 gene, is associated with a higher risk of 3.5 times for those carrying two copies.
Implementing whole genome sequencing (WGS) can prevent bacterial healthcare-associated infections, saving the NHS £480 million annually. The technology has major implications for health policymakers and healthcare leaders, with potential benefits including reduced antimicrobial resistance.
A study finds that Americans nearing retirement age in the lower half of the economic distribution will face worsening expected health and economic status. The 'forgotten middle' group, with modest resources, requires stronger supports to avoid a wave of disability in late life.
Researchers found that Canadian wildfire smoke exposure led to a slightly higher bump in asthma-related hospital visits compared to high-pollen days. However, other potential health effects, such as heart attacks and strokes, require further investigation.
Researchers at Regenstrief Institute and Indiana University School of Dentistry linked electronic dental and health records to provide better care for individuals with Sjögren's disease. This can lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment, reducing the impact of tooth decay and improving overall health.
Scientists have discovered that corals digest their symbiont algae to access essential nutrients, allowing them to grow rapidly even in nutrient-poor waters. This breakthrough resolves the long-standing mystery of coral reef formation and sheds light on the critical role of symbiotic relationships in coral survival.
A new study suggests that solar-powered irrigation systems could increase yields and profits for smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, addressing the region's high yield gap and food insecurity. The innovative system, developed by an international team of researchers, estimates a potential economic benefit of over USD 5 billion pe...
Gender-affirming surgeries in the US increased nearly threefold from 2016 to 2019, with breast and chest procedures being the most common. The number of genital surgical procedures performed rose with increasing age, indicating a growing trend among older individuals seeking gender-affirming care.