A study of 3.7 million adults in California found long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) at moderate concentrations is associated with increased risks of heart attack and cardiovascular disease mortality. The findings suggest the current regulatory standard may not be sufficiently protective.
People with technology-assisted pregnancies are twice as likely to develop preeclampsia as those with traditional pregnancies, according to a study. Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy-related complication that poses risks to the pregnant person and baby.
The study estimates the global economic cost of cancers to fall around $25.2 trillion in international dollars by 2050, accounting for 0.55% of global GDP. Lung cancer is identified as the type with the highest economic burden, followed by colon and rectum cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer, and leukemia.
A Rutgers study found no statistically significant improvements in patient or caregiver anxiety, depression, or psychological distress in palliative care interventions. The researchers identified conceptual and methodological problems in the literature, including excluding patients with existing mental health conditions from studies.
A University of Queensland-led research team is using an unusual caesium atom to search for dark matter particles. The team's work may also improve atomic theory calculations and technology, such as navigation systems.
Dr. Yuliya Dzyuban's research focuses on mitigating heat impacts in cities using smart urban design, thermal perceptions, and decision support systems. Her work aims to create a digital twin called DUCT that combines human perceptions, health, and microclimate data to design more comfortable cities.
Researchers at Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia developed a computational method to simplify the analysis of social contacts, revealing that communities are organized around a small backbone. This approach preserves community structure and is more effective than existing methods in understanding how diseases spread.
Researchers created a novel pre-clinical model of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), which closely resembles clinical cases in humans. The model can aid in developing targeted pharmacological solutions to correct tissue changes associated with NSTEMI.
Researchers discovered HDAC5 plays a critical role in limiting heroin-associated memories and drug-seeking behavior. By regulating gene expression, HDAC5 opposes powerful drug cues that trigger relapse.
A multidisciplinary team developed a physiologically accurate model of octopus arm muscles, providing insight into biological and design challenges. The model enables energy-shaping control, simplifying arm control design and enabling life-like motion in soft robots.
Researchers have found that the naturally occurring amino acid ALA can reduce the expression of ACE2 on cell membranes, potentially lowering SARS-CoV-2's infectious capabilities. The study also reveals an underlying mechanism involving the production of heme, which is boosted by co-administering ALA with an iron source.
Researchers found that severe herpesvirus infections can strongly activate host cellular immunity, leading to a therapeutic effect on refractory adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. This activation may play an important role in the survival of patients with this intractable disease.
A new study published by researchers at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin found a significant link between early childhood trauma experienced by mothers and various health problems in their children. The research analyzed data from over 4,300 American mothers and their children, revealing that children of mothers with adverse experi...
Researchers have found a significant link between frequent marijuana use and an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), with daily cannabis users being about one-third more likely to develop the condition. The study used data from 175,000 people and suggested that cannabis use disorder is associated with a higher risk of CAD.
A study by researchers from the University of Liège shows that group 2 innate lymphoid cells educate alveolar macrophages, reprogramming them to protect against respiratory allergens. This discovery highlights the central role of ILC2s in shaping the alveolar niche and modulating immune responses.
A recent study by the University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center validates a new radiopharmaceutical compound as a viable treatment option for patients with advanced cervical cancer. The radioactive drug, 212Pb-DOTAM-GRPR1, targets gastrin-releasing peptide receptor, a protein expressed by cancer cells.
A Kaiser Permanente study of 3.7 million adults found long-term exposure to fine particle air pollution increases the risk of heart attacks and cardiovascular disease, especially in neighborhoods with lower socioeconomic status. The research lends support for strengthening air quality standards to protect public health.
Researchers linked hundreds of proteins to common metabolic diseases like type 2 diabetes, finding potential targets for treatment. The study identified genes and proteins associated with increased disease risk, including GRP hormone which decreases the chances of becoming overweight.
A Penn State-led team developed a new process to fabricate large perovskite devices, which are more cost- and time-effective than previously possible. The technique, called electrical and mechanical field-assisted sintering (EM-FAST), allows for the creation of high-quality materials with controlled properties.
The K-EMERGE project aims to capture data from textbooks and human experts, combining them using deep-learning AI-based Natural Language Processing (NLP) and cognitive architecture modeling. The system learns continuously to evaluate and enhance the integrity of the data.
A new study found that babies exposed to preeclampsia and gestational diabetes in the womb were biologically younger than their chronologic age. The researchers used DNA samples from over 1,800 newborns to evaluate each infant's epigenetic age and compared it to their chronological age at birth.
Researchers found that psychedelics combined with talk therapy can help people see themselves as nonsmokers, leading to a higher success rate in quitting smoking. The study suggests that psychedelics can reshape self-perceptions to help break free from old habits and addictions.
CHOP researchers have identified variants of a chaperone molecule that can enhance the loading of peptides across different HLA types, which could be used in cell therapy and immunization applications. The study found that chicken-derived TAPBPR proteins can react with multiple HLA allotypes and stabilize the empty MHC-I groove, boosti...
The study identifies challenges in ensuring crop monitoring data reliability, including the lack of standard categorized methods for assessing crop conditions. A novel method using artificial intelligence and computer vision has been developed to collect field yield data, reducing labor intensity and costs.
Research finds people with insomnia are 69% more likely to have a heart attack compared to those without the sleep disorder. Insomnia is also associated with an increased risk of heart attacks in people with diabetes and those who get less than five hours of sleep per night.
A new model explains how social media discussions and major events distract from news on COVID-19, leading to increased infection rates in the US. The study found that events like Donald Trump's online agenda setting and the 2020 Presidential Election worsened the outbreak.
Astronomers have discovered a rapidly growing supermassive black hole in the very early Universe, which provides new clues on its formation. The galaxy, named COS-87259, contains over a billion solar masses worth of interstellar dust and is forming stars at a rate 1000 times that of our Milky Way.
A study by Nagoya City University researchers found that odor exposure inhibits fast neural responses in C. elegans, leading to a more efficient movement away from the odor. The team used mathematical modeling to describe this process, revealing a simple equation that links behavior, neural activity, and genes.
A new study found that women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations have a cumulative risk of 49% developing any type of cancer after age 50. Risk-reducing surgeries like mastectomies and BSOs can lower this risk, but many women opt out despite elevated risk. Genetic testing is crucial for accurate risk assessment and personalized care.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have successfully created Sn-V centers with identical photon frequency and linewidth, marking a new phase in their use as quantum nodes. The breakthrough enables the formation of stable Sn-V centers suitable for creating remote entangled quantum states.
A new study found that human-wildlife conflict disproportionately affects developing countries, causing financial losses for farmers and threatening food security. The research highlights the urgent need for mechanisms to support rural communities living alongside large carnivores.
A study found that demographic factors like low income, race, and rural residence are linked to low telemedicine literacy. The Technology Literacy Index showed that counties with low TLI had lower median incomes and college degrees.
Researchers discovered a metabolic difference in lung tumor cells between humans and mice, explaining previous study results. The finding suggests targeting the LKB1-controlled metabolic pathway for lung adenocarcinoma treatment.
A research group at Uppsala University has developed an artificial blood-brain barrier model that can validate the effectiveness of antibodies in reaching the brain. The model allows for the testing of antibodies without the need for animal experimentation, providing a more efficient and cost-effective alternative.
A recent study published in eClinical Medicine analyzed data from over 210,000 adult patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery in Boston between 2008 and 2020. The researchers found that cannabis users had a higher complexity of co-existing conditions, including mood disorders and substance use disorders, compared to non-users. Patients ...
The war in Ukraine may trigger a new global land race, threatening rural livelihoods and the environment. Large-scale land acquisitions could exacerbate conditions of water scarcity and land degradation, prompting concerns about policy implications and long-lasting effects on rural development.
The study reveals that Antarctic bottom water (AABW) has collapsed several times in the past, with these collapses linked to an enhancement of North Atlantic Deepwater and intensified Northern Hemisphere glaciation. AABW collapse may have pulled Earth into harsher glacial climates in the past.
Researchers from UCL Cancer Institute found that head injuries may contribute to the development of gliomas, a type of aggressive brain tumour. Studies in mice and human populations suggest that genetic mutations acting with inflammation can change cell behavior, increasing cancer risk.
A new Penn State-led study reveals that workers in the US food supply chain are at a high risk of serious injury due to unique hazards such as product movement. The researchers found that fractures of the lower extremities were most prevalent, with transportation-related accidents being the most frequent type.
Astronomers propose that X7 is a cloud of dust and gas ejected during the collision of two stars. The object's shape and velocity have changed dramatically as it approaches the black hole, showing significant changes over a relatively short time scale.
A new study found that most patients are unaware of how race is used in medical decision-making, leading to mistrust in the healthcare system and unequal treatment. Researchers emphasize the need to center marginalized patients' voices in addressing racism in medicine.
Research found significant room for improvement in accuracy of California's provider directories and timely access to mental health care. Despite stringent regulations, inaccurate directories and inadequate networks hindered access to essential services.
Researchers at SMU and NTU will assess the impact of speeches by prominent politicians and business leaders on group cohesion, using video recordings of National Day speeches. The study aims to identify changes in speaking techniques over time and their effect on audience response, with a focus on Singapore's multiracial population.
The Pangu drug model uses a novel graph-to-sequence structure to learn the relationship between chemical structures and formula strings. After pre-training on 1.7 billion druglike molecules, it achieved state-of-the-art results in 20 drug discovery tasks, including molecular property prediction and optimization.
Researchers generate blastocyst-like structures with high efficiency using spliceosome-repressed mouse totipotent blastomere-like cells. The new cell line shows promising results for synthetic embryo development.
Researchers have developed a new energy technology that promotes fast charge transport, mitigates heterogeneous reactions, and extends cycle life in thick solid-state electrodes. The proposed strategy involves a tortuosity-gradient thick electrode, which achieves a balance between ion transport and reaction rates.
Researchers developed a microfluidic model of vascular malformation caused by PIK3CA mutation, allowing them to study disease mechanisms and test treatment efficacy. The model successfully replicated the disease's manifestations and responded to alpelisib, a newly approved PIK3CA inhibitor.
KIST developed a robotic library system that integrates data from various products to provide context-customized assistance, addressing limitations of humanoid robots. The system offers user-friendly services through collaboration between different robotic components.
UVA scientists have discovered a new contributor to abnormal blood vessel growth in the eye, which could lead to new treatments for macular degeneration and other vision loss conditions. The discovery identifies a key protein that determines VEGF levels, blocking it has reduced VEGF levels significantly without unwanted side effects.
A recent study analyzed marine ecosystems before, during, and after the Permian-Triassic extinction event, revealing that biodiversity loss led to ecological destabilization. The researchers found that functional redundancy, or the presence of multiple species performing similar functions, was critical in maintaining ecosystem stability.
Researchers reconstruct ancient climates using plant fossils from the eastern seaboard, revealing a homogenous climate with warmer temperatures and increased rainfall seasonality. The findings suggest that future warming may be more similar to the early Miocene climate than expected.
Researchers use advanced techniques to examine the middle Cambrian star-shaped fossil Brooksella, finding it lacks characteristics of sponges and glass sponges. Its internal structure and composition are similar to co-occurring silica concretions, leading to a reclassification as an unusual type of fossil.
A longitudinal study reveals Yersinia pestis, the bacteria that causes plague, was reintroduced into the Danish population from other parts of Europe again and again, with devastating effects. The analysis, reported today in Current Biology, identified plague for the first time from medieval Denmark.
Scientists at Münster University identified specific modifications to the influenza A virus polymerase that are triggered by host cell proteins, such as ubiquitin. These stable modifications may lead to the development of medicines resistant to viral mutations.
A University of Minnesota-led study shows that verapamil can increase pancreatic insulin secretion by 30% in children with newly-diagnosed type 1 diabetes. The treatment was well-tolerated and had a favorable safety profile, making it an appealing option for children and adults with the condition.
A study found that dual-class shares can be beneficial for long-term performance if they come with a sunset clause, allowing founders to maintain control without exploiting shareholders. However, the existence of perpetual dual-class shares may lead to negative consequences, such as lower stock prices.
A smartphone app-based cognitive behavioral therapy program lowered blood sugar levels and improved health behaviors in patients with diabetes. The study found a clear 'dose effect,' where participants completing more lessons saw greater benefits.
A case series study analyzed 44,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases in Tokyo, finding higher transmission rates in nightlife settings compared to households and healthcare. Surveillance and interventions targeting nightlife are crucial to prevent further spread of the virus.
Researchers at The University of Manchester have developed stable, porous materials that capture and separate benzene, a volatile organic compound and major air pollutant. These materials, UiO-66 and MFM-300, demonstrate high adsorption of benzene at low pressures and concentrations.
TrustedSEERs project, led by Professor David Lo, uses software analytics to create trusted automation bots as digital assistants informed by Artificial Intelligence (AI). The goal is to improve the quality of software systems and applications by addressing challenges faced by software developers.
Carlas S. Smith receives Biophysical Journal's Paper of the Year-Early Career Investigator Award for groundbreaking work on single-molecule localization microscopy precision. His research provides new opportunities to optimize methods for achieving optimal precision in localization microscopy.
A team from the University of Michigan has developed LabGym, an open-source software that uses artificial intelligence to identify, categorize and count defined behaviors across various animal model systems. By teaching the software what it should count, researchers can analyze animal behaviors more efficiently and accurately.
A recent study found that adverse pregnancy outcomes are largely driven by pre-pregnancy health issues such as diabetes and hypertension. The rate of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy rose by over 50% during the decade, while the shift in age distribution accounted for less than 2% of that change.
A study by Osaka Metropolitan University found that more than half of COVID patients suffer from long-term symptoms, including fatigue, taste and smell abnormalities, and sleep disturbances. The research also revealed that young people, vaccinated individuals, and those previously infected can still experience these residual aftereffects.
New research reveals that excess weight or obesity is more deadly than previously thought, with about 1 in 6 US deaths related to it. The study challenges the 'obesity paradox' and highlights the pitfalls of using body mass index (BMI) as a health metric.
A new analysis of 50,450 pediatric cleft or craniofacial surgery cases found that cleft procedures were rated as having an average efficiency roughly half that of the most-efficient procedures. The study concludes that the current RVU allocation system undervalues cleft surgical services relative to craniofacial procedures.