A large study on chronic pancreatitis patients who underwent surgery found that about two-thirds survive for 10 years, but over a quarter struggle with persistent opioid use. Long-term follow-up revealed significant psychosocial issues, including substance abuse, narcotics abuse, and end-stage liver disease.
Researchers at RMIT University have developed a method to remove rust from nanomaterial MXene, extending its lifetime and making it suitable for recyclable batteries. The innovation uses high-frequency sound waves to restore the material's electrical conductivity, paving the way for up to three times longer battery life.
Researchers used CO2 sensors to assess airborne transmission risk in over 60 areas in a residential aged-care home. They found that staff areas were at high risk of transmission, but implementing ventilation measures reduced this risk.
Leif Ludwig's analytical method allows for easier disentanglement of blood cell trajectories, enabling identification of leukemia cell development or degenerative changes. This breakthrough opens up possibility for human medicine to conduct studies in clinical practice and derive therapeutic interventions.
A study by University of Gothenburg researchers reveals that the average age of US House members is 58, significantly older than Americans. The analysis found that young adults are under-represented in politics, with only 11% of candidates aged 35 or younger.
Researchers detected 230 online posts with possible jaguar parts for sale on 31 platforms, highlighting a growing threat to jaguar populations. The study also found that jaguar teeth were the most traded body part, with Mexico, China, Bolivia, and Brazil being major sellers.
Researchers found Toxoplasma gondii infection causing abortions and neonatal deaths in bighorn sheep. The parasite is believed to be spread by domestic and wild cats, raising concerns for conservation efforts.
A new study from Lund University found that male crucian carp change their appearance in response to predatory fish, making it harder for them to be eaten. This adaptation is linked to stress hormones and differs between males and females.
A new DNA biosensor developed by NIST, Brown University, and the French government-funded research institute CEA-Leti boasts accurate and inexpensive design. The modular device can measure biomarkers in a scalable and high-sensitivity manner.
Researchers from Heidelberg University have developed a new 'VIP admission ticket' that enables efficient delivery of enzymes to the nucleus, enhancing the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9 and related methods. This breakthrough opens up new areas for genetic screening and potentially therapeutic applications.
A study found that primary care clinics increased care management processes for chronic disease care from 2019 to 2021, with scores improving in organized and urban settings. However, performance and patient management areas saw a decline in 2021, with rural areas performing lower than urban ones.
Researchers found that primary care physicians using community health information exchanges (HIEs) reduced the likelihood of re-hospitalizations and follow-up emergency department visits. By accessing data about patient care transitions, doctors increased hospital admission lengths from 99 to 238 days.
Rice University scientists identified a new Diels-Alderase enzyme, CtdP, which catalyzes the Diels-Alder reaction with precise stereochemistry control. This discovery could lead to improved pharmaceutical synthesis and development of more effective drugs.
A new study identifies a high-risk area in Qatar's Gulf as the most vulnerable to oil spills, which could disrupt global gas supply and cause unprecedented water shortages, compromising containment efforts.
A recent study found that consuming soy flour rich in B-conglycinin can reduce LDL cholesterol levels and lower the risk of metabolic diseases. The protein inhibits HMGCR, a liver enzyme involved in triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein metabolism.
Researchers utilized the James Webb Space Telescope to observe dense interstellar clouds, revealing a treasure trove of pristine ices from the early universe. The study provides new insights into chemical processes in one of the coldest places in the universe, offering clues on molecular origins and sulfur storage.
Research from the University of California, Santa Cruz, found that abundant krill supplies lead to more humpback whale pregnancies, while scarcity results in fewer pregnancies. The study suggests reduced krill stocks due to climate change and industrial fishing will impact humpback whale populations.
Researchers found wolves in Alaska replaced deer with sea otters as their main food source within a few years. The wolf pack's diet changed dramatically, with sea otters making up 57% of their diet by 2017, while deer frequency declined to 7%.
Employment of people with disabilities reached new heights in 2022, exceeding pre-pandemic and pre-Great Recession levels. The average monthly employment-to-population ratio increased to 34.8%, outperforming those without disabilities, who only surpassed pre-pandemic levels.
The COVID-19 Prevention Network's coordinated approach to Phase 3 clinical trials has yielded a comprehensive database of trial participants' data. This dataset will help researchers address pressing questions about SARS-CoV-2 and inform future vaccine development.
A new secure computation method is introduced, allowing for decentralized computation of encrypted data on a single server without significant computational cost. This method addresses drawbacks of existing methods, providing faster and more secure computations.
The American College of Physicians recommends using cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or second-generation antidepressants as initial treatment for adults with moderate to severe major depressive disorder. The guideline also suggests considering combination therapy and discussing patient preferences when selecting a treatment.
Researchers discovered that asteroid Itokawa is resistant to collision and has survived for nearly 4.2 billion years due to its rubble pile composition. This finding could lead to more effective defense strategies against potentially hazardous asteroids, including the use of nuclear blasts to nudge them off course.
A study by Tokyo Institute of Technology mapped how singlet oxygen molecules travel along DNA strands, shedding light on their propagation and oxidation patterns. The research could lead to more efficient and selective photosensitizer agents for targeted photodynamic therapy, a promising cancer treatment.
Researchers analyzed data from Ontario, Canada and found no evidence that virtual care increased emergency department visits. The study controlled for various factors, including patient complexity and practitioner characteristics.
Researchers found that SIRT6 maintains mitochondrial function through transcription regulation of mitochondrial genes. Without SIRT6, mitochondrial gene expression is down-regulated, leading to increased ROS production and impaired ATP generation, similar to changes observed in aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers have discovered an anti-ageing gene that can rewind the heart's biological age by 10 years, offering a potential target for patients with heart failure. The study found that administering the healthy mutant gene to elderly patients with severe heart problems improved their cardiac function and rejuvenated their immune system.
A study of breast cancer patients in North Carolina found that Black patients experienced longer treatment delays than non-Black patients, with those living in higher-risk regions facing twice the risk. The researchers suggest that healthcare system structure, rather than patient characteristics, may be to blame for these delays.
Researchers have developed a new additive that can break down PFAS at ambient temperature and pressure using a ball milling process. The new method uses boron nitride as a non-corrosive additive, which breaks down 80% of known PFAS in soils contaminated with firefighting foam.
A new study by Portland State University researchers found that deep-sea microorganisms thrive in high-temperature environments and exhibit a staggering level of diversity, with over 500 new genera discovered. The microbes also rely on each other for survival through metabolic handoffs, revealing a complex interdependence.
A 30-year US study found that adults with head injuries had a twice higher mortality rate than those without. Those with severe head injuries experienced nearly tripled mortality rates.
A new study shows that Medasense's NOL monitoring during major abdominal surgery can significantly reduce the proportion of patients with severe post-operative pain. The study found that intraoperative opioid dosing based on the NOL index reduced PACU pain scores by a median of 1.5 points at 90 minutes post-surgery. This technology use...
Researchers have found that Khanty dialects consist of three distinct languages, rather than two, with basic vocabulary coincidences lower than those between certain Slavic languages. Idalia Fedotova's study using 110 basic concepts and 14 sources found dialectal groups to be separate languages due to low coincidence rates.
A new study by Nord University and ICM-CSIC confirms that high temperatures in the Arctic are promoting settlement of species from warmer areas. The study found an increase of 66% in fish species caught in Norwegian and Barents Seas between 1994 and 2020.
A laboratory experiment shows that bacteria can digest and break down plastic, producing CO2 and other harmless substances. While microbial digestion is not a solution to the massive problem of oceanic plastic, it may provide part of the explanation for where plastic 'missing' in oceans stays.
A study of 104 Polish children found that higher daily physical activity levels were associated with reduced symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections. Children who engaged in more sports and took longer walks experienced fewer days with respiratory tract infection symptoms.
A team of researchers found that endoderm-derived endothelial cells contribute to zebrafish's functional vascular niche for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The study proposes a new concept that endothelial specialization in the HSPC niche is determined, at least partially, by the origin of the ECs.
Research finds that childhood trauma is associated with increased interest in both public and private environmental issues, suggesting a powerful motivator for engagement. Childhood experiences in nature also predict green behavior later in life.
Scientists at PNNL have created a new system that efficiently captures CO2 and converts it into methanol, reducing emissions and establishing a market for CO2-containing materials. The technology could help stimulate the development of other carbon capture technologies and promote a more circular economy.
Researchers developed an AI system that suggested changes to participants' responses, making them more empathetic. The system helped people communicate empathy more effectively than traditional training did.
Research published in BMJ Open found that carrying excess weight from mid-life onwards increases the risk of physical frailty in older age. The study tracked over 4500 participants and found that obesity and high waist circumference were associated with a higher risk of pre-frailty/frailty, highlighting the importance of maintaining a ...
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital used cryo-electron microscopy to capture the first 3D structure of SPOP, a protein mutated in prostate and endometrial cancers. The study revealed previously unknown interfaces that harbor cancer-causing mutations, shedding light on how SPOP drives cancer.
Researchers investigated how the order of eating affects bitter taste perception using chicory and coffee substitutes. They found that consuming chicory or coffee substitute after roasted coffee reduces bitterness, while consuming roasted coffee before chicory has no effect.
A new model called 'The Trust Circle' was developed to increase recruitment of AI/AN populations into clinical trials. The model takes into account the trust between trial participants, researchers, and community leaders, with physicians and ministers playing a key role in promoting trust.
A potent plant toxin called albicidin has emerged as a strong new antibiotic candidate, effective in small concentrations and highly potent against pathogenic bacteria. Its unique mechanism targets the bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase, which is essential for cell function.
A study by Alexandra Rosati and colleagues found that adolescent chimpanzees share risk-taking behaviors with human teens, but tend to be less impulsive. In tests involving food rewards, adolescent chimpanzees chose the riskier option more often than adults, but showed similar negative reactions to disappointing outcomes.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have found that rilmenidine can extend lifespan and slow ageing in animals, mimicking the effects of caloric restriction. The study identifies a potential longevity target, the I1-imidazoline receptor nish-1, which may be useful for future anti-ageing strategies.
Researchers have clarified relationships between numerous Enterobacter species and optimised resistance testing. Using genome-based taxonomic studies, they found that Enterobacter xiangfangensis accounted for 68.7% of all detected isolates worldwide.
Researchers aim to create comprehensive maps of how neurons connect to each other, exploring neural circuits that underlie behavior. By studying connectivity and neural activity, scientists hope to understand the structure of the brain and its role in our sense of self.
Researchers have proposed a new model for dark matter, the HYPER model, which explains how its interaction with normal matter changes abruptly after the formation of dark matter in the early universe. This phase transition could make dark matter detectable and explain its abundance.
Researchers at Aarhus University are developing a novel treatment for multiple sclerosis by spinning artificial nerve fibers using electro-spun fibres. The goal is to restore nerve impulses quickly, as the myelin sheath deteriorates with age.
A new study reveals that recent high temperatures on the Greenland ice sheet are unique compared to the past millennium. The researchers updated existing ice core data with information from the most recent decades, showing a warming trend of 1.5 degrees Celsius above the long-term average.
A $2.3 million grant from the US Department of Energy funds a 'solar testbed' at I-79 Technology Park in Fairmont, supporting research on battery storage, grid integration, and cybersecurity. The project aims to assess solar panel health and monitor grid interactions with solar power.
New research from Osaka University suggests that spending more time outdoors can reduce the negative effects of screen time on daily living skills in young children. By increasing outdoor playtime, parents may be able to mitigate some of the risks associated with excessive screen time and promote healthier development.
A new Swedish quantum computer is being made available to the industry, accompanied by a test bed and a quantum helpdesk. The test bed will allow companies and researchers to solve problems using quantum technology at a significantly lower cost than existing commercial options.
Researchers at Tsinghua University Press improve solar energy absorption of titanium oxo clusters by introducing electron-rich molybdenum pairs. The study enhances visible-light absorption and reduces optical band gaps, paving the way for efficient cluster catalysts to split water into hydrogen using solar energy.
Pregnant women infected with Covid-19 may experience varying degrees of damage to their placentas, potentially harming fetal development and health. The study found that pre-Omicron variants caused more severe lesions than Omicron subvariants.
A study of women ages 40 to 76 found that family history was the greatest perceived risk factor for breast cancer, with few considering breast density a risk. Comprehensive education is needed to address these misconceptions and reduce breast cancer risk.
A new study analyzing a two-decade long grassland experiment found that plant species complement each other to produce stable biomass at the community level. This 'compensatory' effect is more pronounced in diverse communities, which also show increased stability and resilience over time.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a new system of fluid-driven actuators that enable soft robots to achieve more complex motions. The team's design allows for antagonistic motions and predicts the actuator's possible motions with a single fluid input, resulting in an actuator that can achieve far more complex movements.