The SEB Centenary Conference 2023 features over 800 talks on advances in animal, plant and cell biology. The conference marks the Society's 100th anniversary with special events and projects celebrating historically marginalised scientists.
Researchers establish a direct link between Covid-19 and Alzheimer's disease, attributing the connection to RAS overactivation caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. This dysfunction leads to increased b-amyloid protein accumulation, impairing brain cell synaptic connections and cognitive functions.
BioAutoMATED is an all-in-one AutoML platform designed for biologists, enabling easy analysis and interpretation of biological sequences. The platform uses three existing AutoML tools to generate models that can predict biological functions from sequence information.
Researchers developed a pilot study to address the issue of thermal discomfort in social housing projects. They proposed replacing conventional windows with fully openable tilting windows, monolithic expanded polystyrene walls, and green-tinted tempered glass, which can reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers have identified anti-malarial properties in cancer drugs, offering a potential solution to the growing crisis of drug-resistant malaria. The study found that certain protein kinase inhibitors exhibited strong anti-malarial effects, highlighting a new approach to accelerating drug discovery.
Researchers at Purdue University have demonstrated tunable moiré magnetism in twisted double bilayers of chromium triiodide, a material that can be used for spintronics. This discovery suggests a new class of material platform for spintronics and magnetoelectronics.
Surrey researchers have made significant breakthroughs in capturing and converting carbon dioxide into useful products. The team's switchable DFM, 'NiRuNa/CeAl', captures CO2 in three chemical reactions: methanation, reverse water-gas shift, and dry reforming of methane.
Researchers have shed light on the optimal use of intravenous fluids to treat sepsis, a life-threatening condition that affects nearly a third of ICU patients. The review provides critical insights into dosage and timing of fluids to improve treatment outcomes and reduce mortality.
A new analysis reveals that a high proportion of essential medicines are not registered in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda, limiting their availability. The study found that up to 90% of certain medicine types were unregistered, while only 46% of highly registered antibiotics were essential medicines.
Researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology explore co-polymerization of glycol nucleic acid monomers with dicarboxylic acids to produce branched and linear xeno nucleic acid polymers. These findings suggest that diverse prebiotic organic molecules could have led to population-level differences in abundance of genetic polymers.
Research from Keck School of Medicine of USC found that everyday air pollution can alter brain development patterns in adolescents, linked to changes in brain connectivity over time. Exposure to fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide was associated with increased or decreased functional connectivity between brain regions.
A new study reveals that the brain makes trade-offs between accuracy and speed in sensory perception. Initial visual processing is faster but less accurate compared to other parts of the brain. The findings contradict the efficient coding hypothesis, suggesting that the brain can process sensory inputs quickly with small errors.
A new study found that football players' cumulative repetitive head impact exposure was associated with chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) status and severity. The study suggests that reducing both the number of head impacts and their force could lower CTE risk.
Domenick Zero, an Indiana University professor, received the William H. Bowen Research in Dental Caries Award for his groundbreaking research on caries prevention and early detection. His work has improved oral health through innovative methods and tools, shifting focus from invasive treatment to tooth preservation.
Researchers used fMRI to analyze brain activity in response to restaurant menu photos, finding a correlation between neural activity and dish sales. The study suggests restaurants can design menus based on predicted consumer preferences.
A specially designed garden, rain garden, can capture toxic tire chemicals associated with tires entering waterways by more than 90%. Researchers tested a Vancouver rain garden and found that it captured about 75% of the chemical, preventing it from entering salmon-bearing streams.
Research suggests that bamboo can be converted into bioethanol and biogas, offering an attractive alternative to fossil fuels. The chemical composition of bamboo varies across species, highlighting the need for further research on selecting optimal species for biomass production processes.
Researchers have developed a groundbreaking photonic integrated circuit chip that combines light source, modulator, photodiode, waveguide, and Y-branch splitter on a single substrate. The GaN-on-silicon platform reduces fabrication complexity and cost, enabling compact and high-performing devices.
Researchers have developed a microgel delivery system that keeps beneficial bacteria safe while actively clearing out harmful ones in the gut. In mice, this system treated intestinal inflammation without side effects and showed promise as a viable treatment strategy for intestinal diseases.
Research suggests climate change will impact insect biodiversity by throwing off the delicate balance between species that rely on each other for survival. As temperatures rise, insect life cycles may become out of sync with their host plants, leading to potential extinction.
Research from Cornell University estimates that wildfire smoke can cause between 4,000 and 9,000 premature deaths and cost between $36 to $82 billion per year in the United States. Metropolitan regions near fire sources are likely to experience a large health burden and economic loss.
Researchers developed a copper-based hydrogel that captures nitrate waste and transforms it into ammonia for reusable fertilizers. The system increased crop yields while reducing environmental impacts.
A study published in Brain and Behavior found that humor therapy reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety in participants from various countries. The analysis included 2,964 participants and nine different countries, suggesting that humor therapy may be a feasible complementary alternative for clinicians, nurses, and patients.
Researchers studied cation effect on CO coupling reaction using ab initio simulations and found correlations between ion hydration energy, double layer capacitance, and surface reaction energies. Different cations influence selectivity of C2 products in CO electro-reduction.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus have discovered a molecular mechanism contributing to congenital heart defects in infants with Down syndrome. The study found that an abnormal interferon response inhibits key molecular events required for heart development, leading to impaired cardiogenesis.
A team of engineers at RMIT University has developed a novel approach to recover heavy metals, including copper and zinc, from treated sewage sludge. The innovation enables the recycling of acidic liquid waste, reducing environmental harm and retaining nutrients for land applications.
Osaka Metropolitan University scientists have developed a solid electrolyte material for all-solid-state batteries, enabling rapid movement of lithium ions at room temperature. The achievement brings closer the realization of all-solid-state batteries and their adoption in electric vehicles.
A second-generation all-inside meniscal repair system demonstrates a high successful repair rate of 84-88% at 10 years, with low failure rates and no correlation to patient characteristics or surgical techniques. Patient-reported outcomes improve after meniscal repair and ACL reconstruction.
A newly discovered exoplanet, LP 890-9c, is providing important insights into conditions at the inner edge of a star's habitable zone. The team's models detail differences in chemical signatures generated by rocky planets near this boundary, based on variables including size, mass, and surface temperature.
Researchers identified a rare genetic defect in the DOCK11 gene causing abnormalities in white and red blood cells, leading to inflammation and immune system dysregulation. The defect also affects T cell activation, with potential connections to tumor diseases.
A new microcomb device developed by researchers at the University of Rochester offers a promising approach to generating stable microwave signals. The device's high-speed tunability enables applications in wireless communication, imaging, atomic clocks, and more.
Researchers found 20 times more potentially pneumonia-causing bacteria on dentures in people with pneumonia than those without. Poorly cleaned dentures may provide a new surface for disease-causing microbes to colonize.
Researchers discovered that microscopic Caenorhabditis elegans worms can use electric fields to jump across Petri plates or onto insects, allowing them to attach themselves. This behavior is made possible by the natural electric charge of pollinators like bumblebees and hummingbirds.
Researchers at KIMS created a three-dimensional porous carbon-based current collector, improving energy density and lifespan. The new material overcame constraints of modifying current collector materials according to operating environment, enhancing cycling stability.
A peer support group intervention has been shown to be feasible and acceptable among undocumented Latinx immigrants with kidney failure. The study found that the intervention built camaraderie and provided emotional support, which is particularly important for socially marginalized uninsured populations.
A UCI-led study found that plant extracts can rescue function of ion channel proteins carrying mutations that cause human Episodic Ataxia. The plants contain compounds like tannic acid and gallic acid, which are able to correct function of the mutation-carrying proteins.
A new University of Michigan-led study estimates that Caribbean seagrass meadows provide approximately $255 billion in annual ecosystem services, including vast carbon storage. The study highlights the importance of conserving these threatened ecosystems, which are critical allies in the fight against climate change.
A study found that exposure to events against moral values and lack of confidence about raising safety concerns significantly contributed to staff distress. One-in-ten healthcare workers reported experiencing suicidal thoughts six months after completing a survey.
Researchers at the University of Münster have developed a new method to study the function of individual molecules during mechanical stress in cells. They used a light-sensitive molecule to alter proteins and apply short light pulses to control their movement, allowing them to investigate the mechanical significance of these proteins.
Monasterio Ocares recognized for his research on oral tissue regeneration and intestinal disorders' impact on oral homeostasis. He receives funding to continue studying mechanisms of initiation and resolution of intestinal disorders in the mouth.
Scientists at Northwestern University and Purdue University have discovered that quantum interference can suppress the annihilation of photoexcitations, allowing for more efficient tools like solar cells. By controlling the quantum phases of photoexcitations, researchers hope to create new devices with high-density mobilities.
Higher testosterone levels during adolescence enhance emotion control, but decrease in young adulthood; the study suggests a shift in testosterone's role across developmental periods. The findings may be related to mood disorders that arise during adolescence.
Researchers investigated fault activation's impact on surrounding rock stability and developed a theoretical foundation for effective support. They found that mining stress intensifies as the working face progresses, with a recommended safe distance of 26 meters when approaching the fault.
A new study found that wild and feral cats in high-human population density areas release more Toxoplasma gondii parasites. Temperature fluctuations also played a role in parasite shedding from domestic and wild cats. The findings suggest managing feral cat populations could reduce toxoplasmosis transmission risk.
Patients treated by higher volume surgeons experience lower risks of reoperation and serious complications, as well as shorter hospital stays. A study found that a mean annual volume threshold of 10.4 procedures significantly reduces revision surgery risk.
Researchers identified 756 patients with rare forms of spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA), revealing diverse disease manifestations and symptoms. The study highlights the importance of sequencing the genome to improve diagnosis and treatment for these previously underdiagnosed cases.
A new study revealed significant racial and ethnic disparities in US alcohol-related deaths during the Covid-19 pandemic. American Indian and Alaska Native populations saw a more than doubling of alcohol-related deaths, while Black Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Asian Americans experienced substantial increases as well.
A pilot study suggests that high-definition cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (HD C-tDCS) may be beneficial for acute ischemic stroke patients. In the study, patients who received HD C-tDCS showed improved blood flow and a significant rescue of threatened brain tissue, compared to those in the sham group.
Researchers in Tam Pa Ling cave in northeastern Laos found evidence of early human occupation dating back at least 70,000 years. The team used various techniques to date sediments and bones, revealing two distinct migration groups with unclear relationships.
Vegetation on coastal dunes was found to accelerate erosion during extreme events, contrary to the current understanding that it provides protection. The study found that vegetation creates a physical barrier, decreases wave run-up, and increases water penetration, leading to destabilization and scarp formation.
Researchers have made a groundbreaking discovery in the form of an oil amphora from the Roman region of Betica, featuring written text on its underside. The fragment, which corresponds to the seventh and eighth verses of Virgil's poem 'The Georgics', reveals insights into the poet's life and knowledge of the fertile Guadalquivir plain.
Researchers have successfully created and visualized a Laughlin state using ultracold neutral atoms in an optical box. The experiment demonstrated the peculiar 'dance' of particles and their fractional charge, opening up new possibilities for exploring exotic states in quantum simulators.
Researchers have developed biomaterials that contain a 'living-like' system, capable of detecting pathogens and monitoring air quality. These materials are designed to interact with air, making them potential sensors for healthy indoor environments.
The team's innovative design uses bank-tube-inspired modules to capture CO2 with sufficient purity for underground sequestration. By eliminating steam-based heating and using ambient wind flow, the system boosts efficiency and reduces upfront costs.
A study led by CSU researchers documents genetic variation in the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher associated with tolerance to wetter environmental conditions, allowing them to adapt to changing climates. The research findings suggest that these genetic changes began as long ago as the late 1800s.
New research suggests optogenetics could restore regular heart rhythm without shocks, improving prognosis and quality of life for AF patients. Light therapy has shown promising results in rats, indicating potential translatability to humans.
Researchers identified a single mutation in the hepatitis E virus polymerase that renders sofosbuvir therapy ineffective, resulting in a fivefold loss of efficacy. This discovery provides new insights into the development of future therapies against hepatitis E, which is responsible for 70,000 annual deaths globally.
Disgraced transplant surgeon Paolo Macchiarini's misconduct at top institutions has raised concerns about patient treatment and wasted research dollars. Institutions such as University College London and Hospital Clinic Barcelona are urged to launch full investigations into their support for Macchiarini.
Researchers at Lancaster University demonstrate the viability of tidal power as a predictable renewable energy source. The creation of a tidal barrage could operate for 120 years or more to meet future demand and storage problems, protecting coastal areas from flooding and sea level rise.
Researchers have identified finger-marks on a cave wall in France as the oldest known Neanderthal engravings, dating back to around 75,000 years ago. The marks were made using a plotting analysis and photogrammetry to create 3D models, confirming that they are deliberate, organized shapes created by human hands.
A new publication by the PHENIX Collaboration at RHIC's Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider provides definitive evidence that gluon spins are aligned in the same direction as the spin of the proton they're in. This result, known as the 'golden measurement,' allows theorists to calculate how much gluons contribute to a proton's spin.
A study published in Neurology found that people with TBI experience improvement and decline over time, affecting their ability to function and thinking skills. The research suggests that TBI should be recognized as a chronic condition to provide tailored care for its evolving needs.
The study found that while there has been a decline in child mortality rates in Ethiopia, too many children are still dying. The country's neonatal mortality rate is significantly higher than the global target of 12 deaths per 1000 livebirths by 2030.
A significant correlation dominates the ENSO–NCCV relationship, suggesting that El Niño restrains the intensity of NCCV and La Niña contributes to its strengthening. The Indian Ocean basin mode is an essential intermediate factor in this modulation mechanism.
Researchers at UBC develop biodegradable gel that mimics articular cartilage properties, allowing for faster and more efficient cartilage regeneration. The gel's ability to resist compression and recover its shape after compression makes it a promising material for joint injury repair.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have developed a novel brine treatment technology called electrodialytic crystallization that reduces energy consumption and cost of brine crystallization. The technology uses an electric field to induce salt crystallization without using costly evaporation methods.
A new study by CNIC researchers reveals that low-grade systemic inflammation triggered by subclinical atherosclerosis accelerates epigenetic aging in otherwise healthy young individuals. The study found a strong association between atherosclerosis progression and accelerated biological age, with potential reversibility through lifestyl...
A Brazilian study compared treatments for idiopathic and refractory tinnitus, finding low-level laser therapy with photobiomodulation to be the most effective. The treatment had lasting therapeutic effects when combined with other therapies.
A comprehensive study found that increased exposure to wildfire-related PM2.5 was associated with a higher risk of all-cause and nonaccidental mortality, as well as an increased risk of dying from neoplasms. The research used a large-scale national cohort database from the UK Biobank, involving 492,394 participants.
Researchers have developed a new approach to treating tumors using 'self-immolative' polyferrocenes that trigger a fatal cycle of oxidative stress in cancer cells. In experiments, these copolymers inhibited tumor growth with negligible side effects, offering potential for chemodynamic therapy.
The study found that lung cancer screening rates among eligible adults in Maine, Michigan, New Jersey, and Rhode Island increased in 2021 compared to 2019. Consistent with prior studies, the likelihood of lung cancer screening was higher among individuals with a primary health professional
Leading academics argue that rewilding and organic farming policies risk worsening global biodiversity by reducing food production and driving up imports. In contrast, land sparing involves boosting farm yields in farmed areas to make space for nature reserves, promising more effective and sustainable biodiversity gains.
A study by University of Georgia researchers found that monarchs with larger white spots fly more efficiently, making long trips easier. The team discovered a correlation between increased solar radiation and the evolution of larger white spots on the butterflies' wings.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have discovered a DNA molecule that folds into a four-way junction structure, allowing it to mimic the activity of green fluorescent protein (GFP). This breakthrough could lead to the development of new DNA-based fluorescent tags for rapid-diagnostic tests and various scientific applications.
A new evidence-based framework proposes integrating palliative care into neurology teams to address the total pain of neurologic illness, including psychological, social, and spiritual distress. This approach aims to screen for and prevent suffering by incorporating a palliative care model from day one.
Researchers found that loss of the Y chromosome in bladder cancer cells allows them to evade the immune system, leading to aggressive growth. However, this loss also renders the disease more responsive to a standard treatment called immune checkpoint inhibitors.
A recent study led by Princeton University researchers found that China's industrial parks can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and freshwater consumption by transitioning to clean energy sources. The study estimates that this transition could lead to a reduction of 40% in energy supply emissions, equivalent to 7% of China...
Researchers at KIT have developed highly efficient photoreactor panels that can be inserted into inexpensive modules for mass production of hydrogen or fuels. The technology could make the use of fossil energy carriers superfluous and provide a climate-neutral alternative, with costs estimated to be around $22 per square meter.
Integrating MAT training into nursing programs has been shown to reduce bias and stigma associated with medication-assisted treatment. The training also improved graduate students' attitudes towards people with opioid use disorder and increased their desire to pursue careers as OUD MAT providers.
A new study reveals that the protein complex BCDX2 plays a critical role in DNA repair, suggesting mutations in this complex could lead to cancer. The research also highlights the importance of screening for mutations in people with a family history of breast and ovarian cancers.
Researchers discuss the potential of glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR) as a target for cancer immunotherapy. Preclinical studies have shown potent anti-tumor efficacy, but clinical trials have yielded inconsistent results due to complexities in immune responses and antibody structure.
A new molecular compound has been identified that can activate latent HIV-1 in cells, showing promise for HIV treatments. Researchers found that this compound, YSE028, can reactivate latently infected cells and induce cell death, potentially leading to a complete cure for HIV.
Researchers have found a connection between high levels of cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) fragments in the blood and chronic inflammation, a known risk factor for severe aging symptoms. The study suggests that mtDNA fragments could be accurate biomarkers for predicting physical and cognitive decline with aging.
Recent studies in the New Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis feature novel diagnostic tools, RNA sequencing-based workflows, and mechanical property evaluations to enhance cancer and cardiovascular disease treatment outcomes. These innovations aim to improve the therapeutic effect of drugs and promote personalized medicine.
Researchers developed a novel DNA marker-based system for identifying Japanese citrus cultivars, enabling quick detection of counterfeit fruit. The method can accurately identify cultivar-specific DNA polymorphisms within minutes, safeguarding Japan's unique citrus industry and its breeders.
New research using shoebox-sized satellites reveals that urban heat may not advance tree growing seasons as much as thought, contrary to previous studies. The study found that canopy composition drives variability in urban growing season length more than the heat island effect.
A groundbreaking study finds that microbial life can exist without plate tectonics, challenging a fundamental theory of geology. Zircon crystals from the Barberton Greenstone Belt reveal a stagnant lid regime on ancient Earth, leading to continent formation and potentially habitable conditions.
A case series study demonstrated that a whole-food, plant-predominant dietary pattern and standard medical treatment can successfully achieve type 2 diabetes remission in 37 percent of patients. The study contributes novel information on the feasibility of achieving remission simply by eating healthy food.
A study found that people with a history of gestational diabetes are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes within nine years after delivery, particularly in Black and Hispanic women. Regular diabetes screenings in the early postpartum period can alter disease progression and improve control.
Researchers found that monarch butterflies with more and larger white spots on their wings had a higher survival rate during long-distance migrations. The study suggests that these white spots may provide an aerodynamic benefit, helping the butterflies navigate and stay aloft during their journeys.
A new study reveals how breast cancer cells suppress anti-cancer immune responses in the lymph nodes to survive and spread. Researchers found that some cancer cells exhibit elevated expression of MHC class II proteins, which are involved in initiating immune responses.
Researchers at the University of Washington created an app called FeverPhone that uses existing phone sensors and screens to estimate whether people have fevers. The app was tested on 37 patients in an emergency department and showed accuracy comparable to consumer thermometers, with potential for early intervention in viral outbreaks.
Researchers identified five previously unknown CaMKII inhibitors, including ruxolitinib, which was found to be the most effective at inhibiting CaMKII activity in cell and mouse models of arrhythmias. The study provides a promising new approach for treating heart conditions.
Researchers found that mentalizing scores increase gradually over time, peaking in young adulthood, with females consistently outperforming males. The study also discovered significant positive correlations between mentalizing capacity and personality traits such as Agreeableness, Openness to Experience, and Conscientiousness.
A new study led by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that consuming omega-3 fatty acids, particularly alpha-linolenic acid, may help slow the progression of disease in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Higher blood levels of ALA were associated with a slower disease progression and lower risk of death.
Researchers developed a polygenic scoring system to predict ALS disease risk, improving case status prediction in Michigan and Spain. The system takes into account common genetic variants and explains 4.1% of ALS cases caused by genetic factors.
A new wearable device can track adrenal steroid levels in real-time, providing insights into hormonal rhythms and revolutionizing endocrine disease diagnosis. The U-RHYTHM technology offers a more accurate picture of hormone balance than traditional tests taken at one point, enabling earlier treatment interventions.
A recent survey of caregivers found that most support education efforts and technology use to reduce heatstroke risk, but negative attitudes towards those who put children at risk may hinder mitigation efforts. The study aims to inform the development of pediatric vehicular heatstroke prevention strategies.
Researchers at NIST have demonstrated a capability to transmit extremely precise time signals through the air between far-flung locations, paving the way for ultra-precise timing links with geosynchronous satellites. The method enables time synchronization with femtosecond precision and robustness in atmospheric disturbances.
Researchers create stacked tungsten disulfide – zinc oxide thin film heterostructure to amplify trion formation, increasing the probability of radiative recombination. This leads to enhanced information storage and potential applications in quantum devices.
Researchers found that people with ALS who consume more omega-3 fatty acids like alpha-linolenic acid have a slower physical decline, a slightly extended survival, and lower risk of death. Omega-6 fatty acids like linoleic acid also showed promise in reducing mortality risk.
The IADR LION Dental Research Award recognizes innovative research in basic dental science and applied research achievements that improve public dental health. The 2023 recipients were announced during the 101st General Session of IADR in Bogot , Colombia
A team from Osaka University has uncovered the importance of Polydom and Tie1 in cell migration during lymphatic vessel remodeling. The study found that binding between these proteins facilitates lymphatic endothelial cell migration, highlighting a crucial role in lymphangiogenesis.
This study predicts land use changes in the Tibetan Plateau during three periods, highlighting a decrease in grassland area and an increase in urban, forest, and bare land. By the end of the 21st century, grassland will decline by 6.1-21.7%, while woodland areas are expected to significantly increase.
Researchers at the University of Queensland have uncovered the atomic structure of the Langya virus, a highly infectious virus with pandemic potential. The study aims to develop broad-spectrum human vaccines and treatments for Henipaviruses, which cause severe disease and have the potential to get out of control.
A research team from Taiwan has found a way to massively speed up aerial image simulations using wavelength scaling and fast Fourier transformation. The new algorithm improves computation speed by 4000-5000 times while maintaining only a slight intensity deviation.
The study developed multi-valent mRNA vaccines targeting monkeypox enveloped or mature viron surface antigens, inducing dynamic immune responses with robust IgG and neutralizing activities. The vaccines protected a mouse model from lethal VACV challenge.
Richard Niederman has dedicated his career to generating evidence for oral disease prevention and promotion. He pioneered large-scale school- and community-based oral health programs focusing on fluoride applications.
A review highlights the importance of supporting breastfeeding in India, where one-quarter of the world's children are born. The authors express concern that excessive concern about infant allergies may be undermining mother-infant bonding, breastfeeding, and child nutrition.
Researchers found minimal change in surface melt rates over the past four decades, despite rising global air temperatures. However, Antarctic ice shelf surface melt rates are expected to increase substantially in the coming decades due to climate change.
A study found that prazosin reduced headache frequency and severity in veterans with posttraumatic headaches. Participants who received prazosin had significantly fewer headaches than those on placebo, with an average of six days of headaches per month compared to 12 days.
A new study at Yale University reveals that PD-1 plays a critical role in preventing T cells from attacking healthy tissues. The findings could lead to the development of improved immunotherapies with reduced side effects.
Researchers detected elevated PFAS levels in dogs and horses from Gray's Creek, NC, with horses showing lower concentrations. The study highlights the importance of horses as sentinel species for monitoring PFAS exposure.
Researchers from University of Toronto Engineering, Dalhousie University, Iowa State University, and Peking University have successfully controlled the motion of dislocation in a single-crystalline zinc sulfide using an external electric field. This discovery has significant implications for improving the properties and manufacturing p...
A study found that girls in English secondary schools are 42% less likely to aspire to be computer scientists compared to boys. The researchers propose revamping the curriculum to include creative aspects like digital art to increase interest and engagement in computer science. This could help achieve greater gender parity in computing.
A new study shows that newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) has significantly increased the survival rate of children after bone marrow transplantation from 73% to 87%. Children diagnosed at birth have a 92.5% survival rate without infection, while those diagnosed later have lower rates.
Researchers at Imperial College London have found that tumors with tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in high-grade ovarian cancer respond better to treatment. Genes like IL15 and CXCL10 play a role in TLS formation, while DCAF15 interacts with these tissues. An AI algorithm can detect TLS on CT scans, enabling early identification of ...
An international team of scientists has discovered an echo emitted by the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way, which emerged from a long period of dormancy 200 years ago. The black hole, four million times more massive than the Sun, gobbled up cosmic objects before re-entering quiescence.
Researchers at HSE MIEM developed a theoretical model predicting optimal parameters for polymer coacervation, which will enhance the efficiency of polymer synthesis. The model considers factors such as polymer chain length and attraction strength, allowing chemists to synthesize tailored polymers.
Researchers found that treatment with tranexamic acid (TXA) is associated with a decreased incidence of heterotopic ossification (HO), a common complication of abnormal bone formation. The study showed a significant reduction in HO risk, with an odds ratio of 0.49 and a 50% lower risk compared to patients not receiving TXA.
A new genomic analysis reveals a north-south divide in P. falciparum drug resistance markers and genetic structure in Mozambique. The findings suggest that artemisinin remains effective for treating malaria, while piperaquine can be used in combination therapies. However, the high frequency of quintuple mutants requires close monitorin...
A new study reveals that banks continue to offer Black customers subpar loan products and services, even when they have stronger financial profiles than White customers. However, the study also identifies specific strategies minority small business owners can use to signal sophistication and secure better loans.
The article explores how Quris-AI's bio-AI platforms can solve clinical prediction challenges, predicting safe and efficacious drug candidates. Bio-AI advances will cut the time and cost of developing safe drugs, breaking down barriers for personalized medicine and rare disease cures.
Scientists have discovered that sinking seamounts leave behind a trail of soft sediments, which help release tectonic pressure in slow slip earthquakes. This finding can be used to adjust earthquake models and improve understanding of the mechanisms driving earthquakes.
Researchers demonstrated a 300-fold increase in electron-phonon coupling strength by reducing dimensionality, paving the way for novel engineering opportunities. The enhancement was attributed to non-local nature of coupling in synthetic SRO/STO superlattices.
Researchers found that phone communication significantly impacts social influence, with a cascading effect reaching up to four degrees of separation. The study used mobile phone data to demonstrate how phone communications affect people's decisions to attend cultural events.
The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) recognized six recipients of the 2023 IADR Colgate Research Travel Awards, which encourage research in preventing oral diseases. The award recipients received travel stipends and commemorative plaques to present their work at the annual conference.
Inadequate household water can cause a range of adverse effects on children's health, including the spread of disease, interruptions to growth and development, and school absenteeism. This highlights the need for inclusive policies addressing water poverty and its impact on child well-being.
A new study by UNM researchers found that patients who reported feeling 'high' experienced 7.7% greater symptom relief, but also a more than 20% increase in negative side effects. The study suggests that feeling 'high' may be an unavoidable component of using cannabis medicinally.
A preclinical study has uncovered the role of Y chromosome gene KDM5D in regulating anti-tumor immune responses and promoting metastasis in male patients with KRAS-mutated colorectal cancer. The study reveals that mutant KRAS drives upregulation of KDM5D, leading to reduced cell adhesion and immune recognition by the immune system.
Researchers found that PD-1 helps prevent T cells from attacking healthy skin and may help reduce side effects of immunotherapies. The study used mouse models and skin biopsies to support the hypothesis that PD-1 functions as a gatekeeper for tissue homeostasis
Chenmin Yao, a young researcher from Wuhan University, China, received the 2023 IADR Toshio Nakao Fellowship to support her training and experience in dental materials science. She has published nine papers in peer-reviewed international journals with high impact factors.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have developed a novel approach to synthetic biology that enables the simultaneous characterization of hundreds of transcription factors in a plant. This breakthrough has significant implications for agriculture and sustainability, as understanding how transcription factors regulate ...
The Carbon SMART project trains farmers to monitor carbon levels in soil and practice climate-smart conservation practices, increasing soil health. The team will primarily work with farmers from underserved communities, monitoring the success of various conservation methods.
Rice University engineers developed a low-cost, point-of-care DNA test for HPV infections that can be used to screen for cervical cancer. The test, which requires just two pieces of equipment and delivers results in 45 minutes, has the potential to make cervical cancer screening more accessible in low- and middle-income countries.
A novel imaging agent has been developed to non-invasively detect pulmonary fibrosis in its early stages. The agent targets extracellular matrix fibers and has shown significant uptake in lungs with pulmonary fibrosis, matching histological results. This breakthrough could lead to earlier detection and better monitoring of the disease.
A new University of Missouri study examines the impact of farming practices on crop resilience to climate change, focusing on water and carbon fluxes in three contrasting ecosystems. The research found that native prairie ecosystems are most resilient to extreme weather, while tilled cropping systems are more sensitive.
A recent study found that seven per cent of Aspergillus fumigatus samples from the Three Parallel Rivers region in Yunnan, China were drug resistant, capable of propagating quickly and taking over local populations.
A new study published in the International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism found that ketone supplements impaired performance in well-trained endurance cyclists. The researchers recruited experienced athletes who cycled for five or more hours per week, simulating race conditions before conducting a 20-minute time trial.