Researchers developed a new method to distinguish current carriers in the BCS-BEC crossover, a phase transition between superfluids and superconductors. The team measured fluctuations of currents, quantified as the Fano factor, which can identify single-particle- and pair-currents.
Archaeologists found that potters across the Wari empire used the same black pigment, suggesting imperial control. The shift to manganese-based recipes implies 'quality control' and symbolic meaning behind the color black.
Researchers found that suppressing AMPKα1 but not AMPKα2 isoforms improved aging-related impairments in mice. The study revealed novel insights into the roles of AMPK signaling pathway in cognitive aging.
Researchers discovered a mechanism involving ribosomes that enables the heart to toggle between a regular maintenance mode and an energy-boost mode. This finding provides clues for developing medicines targeting specific ribosomes to treat cardiovascular disease.
A hormone called FGF21 protects mice from ethanol-induced loss of balance and righting reflex by activating a specific part of the brain that controls alertness. The study reveals that higher FGF21 concentrations can dramatically accelerate recovery from intoxication.
The UCF Advanced Air Mobility Conference aims to generate knowledge on the significance and feasibility of AAM, exploring law's impact on its development and potential benefits for urban mobility. Researchers will discuss issues such as property law, jurisdiction, safety, and social equity.
Research suggests that females are more prone to salt sensitivity, leading to higher blood pressure, particularly after menopause. Salt sensitivity affects about half of hypertension cases and is often linked to treatment-resistant hypertension.
A new review found that spinal cord stimulation is no better than a placebo for treating low back pain, with probably little to no benefit for people with the condition. The review also highlighted gaps in clinical data and called for future trials to be longer and more comprehensive.
New research from Harvard Medical School reveals that female mice display more consistent exploratory behavior despite hormonal fluctuations. This finding highlights the importance of including both sexes in neuroscience experiments to gain a deeper understanding of the brain and its functions.
Researchers develop a novel combination therapy using mitoxantrone and vancomycin to treat vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE) infections. The therapy stimulates the host immune system, accelerating wound healing and killing bacteria more effectively.
A recent landmark study found that women of color experience invisibility in traditionally white and male professions, with four distinct forms of invisibility identified. The study also reveals how different social power levels influence responses to invisibility, ranging from withdrawal to approach or pragmatic tactics.
A study by Revathy Parameswaran and colleagues compared ground motion and magnitude estimates from satellite and seismic records for the 2021 Chignik earthquake. The researchers found that GNSS and strong-motion acceleration seismic data can be used interchangeably or jointly for rapid magnitude or ground motion estimation.
Research from Penn State found that self-monitoring physical activity through smartwatches leads to increased motivation and activity levels. Participants who received prompts to report their activity took hundreds more steps in a given day compared to those who didn't receive such prompts.
Researchers discovered that fruit flies have distinct hunger drives, one driven by need and the other by pleasure, which arise from unique neural mechanisms. The study found that hungry flies increase feeding event duration and total events, and identified specific brain regions activated by pleasurable food environments.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes discovered that chronically low oxygen levels, similar to those experienced at high elevation, rewire how mice burn sugars and fats. The study found lasting changes in metabolism, including lower blood glucose levels and body weight, which mirror what has been seen in humans who live at high altitude.
Research suggests that wildfires need to fall within a narrow severity range to improve forest health. The study found that moderate severity fires are most effective at reducing community and ecosystem risk, but even these may not be enough to restore species composition. Land managers can use the predicted post-fire conditions to inf...
The University of Houston researchers have developed a new test that uses glow-in-the-dark materials to improve the sensitivity and accuracy of at-home COVID-19 tests. The test, which can detect COVID-19 proteins more efficiently, has shown excellent results compared to commercial tests.
A study found that urbanization favors winged insects over web-builders, with flies and spiders increasing in urban areas while web-building spiders decrease. This suggests an advantage of winged arthropods in cities due to their ability to move between isolated green spaces.
Researchers at Columbia University have developed a new 'camera' that can see atomic structures in real-time, revealing the dynamic disorder of materials. This breakthrough enables better understanding of thermoelectric devices and waste heat conversion, leading to more efficient sustainable energy applications.
A new study by Oregon State University researchers found that people recently released from prison in Oregon are at a higher risk of opioid overdose, with a rate of 1,086 per 100,000 person years, exceeding the general public rate by 10 times.
A new scheme uses double-layer deep reinforcement learning to optimize network resources in full-duplex cell-free MIMO systems. This approach adapts to changing demands and environmental changes, improving system performance and user customization.
A study published in Radiology found that an AI tool can accurately identify normal and abnormal chest X-rays with a high degree of sensitivity. The tool identified abnormal chest X-rays with a 99.1% sensitivity rate, outperforming clinical board-certified radiologists.
Researchers have discovered that high-grade glioma brain tumors have LDL receptors, which could be targeted by drugs already in development. The study's findings pave the way for using nanoparticle-based therapies to starve the tumors of energy and cause disruptions to their growth and spread.
A new study from George Mason University College of Public Health found that mental health symptoms worsened in Black youth who interacted with the juvenile justice system during transition to adulthood. Connectedness, particularly to family and community, was a protective factor against declining mental health.
Researchers developed a blood test to detect residual leukemia in AML patients before bone marrow transplant, showing that those with persistent mutations had higher risks of relapse and lower survival rates. The study supports ongoing research on precision medicine and personalized post-transplant care.
Researchers found that bumblebee colonies adopt and prefer specific solution methods to a puzzle box problem, demonstrating the importance of social learning. The study suggests that bees with prior experience can teach others, leading to the spread of behavioral approaches within the colony.
A HKU Mechanical Engineering team has developed a new generation of lithium-ion batteries that are safer, more powerful and have a longer lifespan. The innovative design uses single-ion conducting polymer electrolytes that can conduct electricity faster than traditional liquid electrolytes.
Researchers discovered a property in single-layer ferroelectric materials that allows them to bend in response to an electrical stimulus. This bending behavior enables the creation of nano-scale switches or motors, which can be controlled using electrical signals.
Chung-Ang University researchers develop a novel flexible supercapacitor platform with vertically integrated gold electrodes in a single sheet of paper. The design shows low electrical resistance, high foldability, and good mechanical strength, making it suitable for wearable devices.
A Phase 1 trial of a thermostable tuberculosis (TB) vaccine candidate found it to be safe and stimulated both antibodies and cellular responses. The vaccine, ID93+GLA-SE, was well-tolerated and produced higher levels of antibodies in recipients compared to a non-thermostable formulation.
A new study found that U.S. senators' tweets about greed perform better in terms of likes and retweets, particularly among Democrats who gain stronger traction for negative tweets about their opponents.
A study at the University of Chicago Medicine found that memantine significantly improved symptoms of trichotillomania and skin-picking disorder compared to a placebo. The drug, commonly used for Alzheimer's disease, showed promise as a first-line treatment option.
A virtual care team consisting of physicians and pharmacists improved the adoption of life-saving therapies in patients with heart failure, leading to increased use of evidence-based treatments and better patient outcomes. The strategy was safe and effective, with comparable length of stay and safety events between the groups.
A study of over 1,300 children aged 9-13 found a significant increase in substance use when combining hair analysis with survey results, nearly doubling the estimated number of child drug users. This suggests that hair analysis is a more accurate method for assessing adolescent substance abuse than self-reporting alone.
Pancreatic cancer is an incurable form of cancer, but gene therapies are being developed to treat it. The article reviews ongoing clinical trials and discusses various biotherapies, including vaccines and CAR-T cell therapy.
Researchers have identified a key cause of metastasis from aggressive brain cancer in children and found a potential new therapy. Medulloblastoma cells hijack neurodevelopmental signaling pathways to promote tumor cell spreading. Targeting these pathways with a drug called dasatinib has shown promise in killing metastatic tumors.
Researchers identified distinct viral signatures in the gut viromes of SLE patients, including Drulisvirus and Thermoanaerobacterium phage THSA-485A, which promote interferon-α production. These findings suggest a link between the gut virome and SLE disease activity.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have created a stable spin qubit in a carbon nanotube, achieving record-long coherence times of up to 10 microseconds. This breakthrough enables the integration of quantum devices and provides a platform for storing information through vibrations in the flexible tubes.
A new type of planning document called the multidisciplinary rounding plan (MDRP) offers relevant information for use in patient care, compared to traditional nursing care plans. The MDRP provides more concrete, patient-specific information and is written in a plain-speech style.
Researchers have developed high-member low-dimensional Sn-based perovskite solar cells using phenethylammonium thiocyanate, which improves their efficiency and reduces bimolecular recombination rates. The new structure has a higher crystal quality, leading to enhanced power conversion efficiency.
A biological messenger called interleukin-33 (IL-33) plays a crucial role in maintaining cytotoxic T cells' 'marathon runner' state, allowing them to provide sustained immunity against chronic infections. This finding has implications for improving treatment of hepatitis C and cancer immunotherapy.
A cheap charcoal air filter can significantly improve in-vehicle air quality, reducing nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels by up to 90%. The study found that NO2 concentrations were on average 14.3 times lower with activated carbon filters fitted compared to pollen filters.
Researchers have developed a robotic system called AngleNet that measures leaf angles on corn plants, providing plant breeders with accurate data more quickly. The technology uses stereo vision and deep convolutional neural networks to capture images of leaves at different heights, enabling 3D modeling and precise measurements.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a new type of solar roof that can harness energy from sunlight without blocking light for plants. The innovative design uses semi-transparent organic solar cells with a layer of L-glutathione, which extends the cells' lifetime and improves efficiency.
A model predicting oxygen levels in freshwater streams, developed by WVU researcher Omar Abdul-Aziz, helps determine stream pollution and health. The tool allows citizen scientists to take action on stream pollution, with potential applications for implementing the Clean Water Act.
New study by Curtin University researchers finds that silicon, gold, and copper can trap and destroy the spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2, likely killing the virus. The materials can be used in air filters, coatings, or fabric to capture coronaviruses and prevent infection.
Researchers found that levee building and subsurface resource extraction account for 40% of land loss in the Mississippi River Delta. A new sediment diversion project may help reverse land loss by releasing sediment into the Barataria Basin.
Research suggests that withholding gender-affirming hormone therapy from transgender individuals may have negative mental and physical effects. A new study provides comprehensive guidance for assessing, managing, and treating venous thromboembolism in transgender patients receiving feminizing hormone therapy.
A recent study found that diversity trainings for police officers are ineffective in changing behavior, as intentions to use strategies decrease over time. The researchers recommend embedding lessons with other organizational initiatives and providing 'super-tailored strategies' to address specific daily work activities.
The U.S. laboratory system needs improvement to ensure timely and accurate diagnosis, tracking, and response to infectious diseases like COVID-19 and Mpox. The authors suggest government and private institutions collaborate to implement systemic changes, including federal funding and public-private partnerships.
A new German Research Foundation-funded project investigates the possibility that a Roman land ditch was created in the Hessian Ried in the 1st century AD. The research aims to find the canal's original course and study its relationship with nearby Roman settlement sites.
A Scripps Research team has found that heavy alcohol consumption increases brain inflammation, leading to changes in signaling pathways and behavior. The study suggests a potential new drug target for treating alcohol use disorder by targeting the interleukin-1β pathway.
Research at Cornell University found that co-locating solar panels with commercial agriculture can improve power conversion efficiency and solar-panel longevity. Agrivoltaic systems offer increased passive cooling through taller panel heights, more reflective ground cover, and higher evapotranspiration rates.
A University of Michigan study suggests that exhaled breath contains unique volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can mark distinction between COVID-19, variants and non-COVID illnesses. The researchers developed a portable gas chromatography device to analyze breath samples with high accuracy.
High-dose anticoagulation reduces intubations and deaths by 30% in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, especially those with ARDS. The study found a significant reduction in mortality and need for ICU care among patients treated with therapeutic anticoagulation.
A new study published in BMC Public Health suggests that problematic social media use in preteens is linked to both positive and negative alcohol beliefs. Researchers found that 97% of social media posts display alcohol in a positive context, contributing to positive perceptions among adolescents.
Researchers have identified a gene network underlying rice grain size regulation, revealing a phosphorylation-driven auxin signaling pathway. The study found that OsTIR1–OsIAA10–OsARF4 plays a crucial role in controlling rice grain size and weight.
A new consensus statement calls for routine radiological screening of contact children in suspected child physical abuse cases to prevent further harm. Siblings are at risk of experiencing physical abuse, with a strong association between index and contact children.
A new study by Intermountain Health found that long-term intermittent fasting can lead to better outcomes in COVID-19 patients who required cardiac catheterization. Patients who practiced regular fasting had a lower rate of heart failure-related hospitalization, complications, and death compared to those who did not fast. The study sug...
A recent study published in Antioxidants & Zoological Research found that moderate static magnetic fields can delay natural aging in healthy mice and alleviate chronic kidney injury induced by chemotherapy. High-grade exposure, however, had detrimental effects on diabetic mice, including organ damage and reduced survival rates.