TUS researchers develop novel method to create multi-walled CNT wiring on plastic films under ambient conditions, enabling flexible devices and energy conversion devices. The proposed method produces high-quality wires with varying resistance values.
Researchers have found that long-tailed macaques reject inferior rewards more frequently when provided by a human than an automatic feeder, indicating social disappointment. This behavioral pattern is consistent with frustration towards the experimenter's decision, rather than a comparison of rewards with conspecifics.
Researchers identified a type of immune cell called age-associated B cells as key drivers of lupus disease. Targeting these cells in a mouse model reduced disease progression, suggesting a potential new therapy for lupus patients.
Two studies found that adults with high cardiovascular health scores tend to live longer lives free of major chronic diseases. The research highlights the importance of maintaining ideal cardiovascular health to delay onset of age-related diseases, allowing individuals to enjoy life in their years as well as their years in life.
A new AI model developed at the University of British Columbia accurately predicts cancer patient survival using natural language processing to analyze oncologist notes. The model shows over 80% accuracy in predicting six-month, 36-month and 60-month survival rates.
The use of AI is improving diagnostic accuracy for digestive cancers, but challenges in data sharing and standardization hinder its widespread application. Researchers surveyed recent applications of AI to these deadly cancers, finding that AI can automate complex processes and detect patterns not visible to humans.
Primary care physicians recommend screening adolescents and young adults for cyberbullying and social media misuse, citing the need for timely intervention due to underreported incidents. Screening tools like R-OBVQ, CBVS, CABS, and MARC can help identify potential risks.
A POSTECH research team developed a machine learning model that accurately predicts cancer type-specific driver mutations, shedding light on distinct pathological mechanisms across various tumors. The model's performance outperformed current leading methods of detection, with better accuracy and sensitivity.
A study published in AJIC found that EHR-focused interventions reduced unnecessary urine culture orders by 20.9% and 21.6% among patients with indwelling catheters. The interventions included changing the electronic medical record ordering screen to require an indication for the culture.
Active surveillance for managing low-risk prostate cancer is increasing nationally, but wide variation persists across practices and practitioners. The study highlights the need for continued progress to minimize overtreatment and improve the benefit-to-harm ratio of national efforts.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital developed an accurate method for detecting Alzheimer's disease using routinely collected clinical brain images. The AI model detected Alzheimer's disease risk with 90.2% accuracy across five datasets, regardless of age or scanner manufacturer.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a latch control system that enables grasshopping robots to perform efficiently on soft substrates. The team discovered that the latch can not only regulate energy output but also mediate energy transfer between the robot and its environment, leading to improved jump performance.
A UC Irvine-led study found that boreal forest fires in North America and Eurasia released nearly half a gigaton of carbon dioxide in 2021, surpassing annual mean emissions between 2000 and 2020. The increased emissions are linked to climate drivers such as warming temperatures and droughts.
A new study found that walking an additional 500 steps per day was associated with a 14% lower risk of heart disease, stroke or heart failure. This benefit is significant for older adults, as most studies have focused on early-to-midlife adults.
Researchers argue that Earth System Justice is necessary to identify and live within biophysical boundaries. The framework aims to reduce harm to people and nature while ensuring access to resources and minimizing tradeoffs.
A PSU study found that high school students who perceive their math teacher as equitable are more likely to develop a positive math identity. This effect is strongest in racially diverse schools, where students may be more aware of racial biases and stereotypes about math. Equitable teaching can help counteract these biases and promote...
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a novel AI-powered approach to analyzing traumatic brain injury, using artificial intelligence to identify the most accurate model of mechanical stress on the brain. This breakthrough could lead to better understanding of when concussions lead to lasting brain damage and inspire new pro...
The study reveals that nitrogen input stimulates plant primary productivity but decreases microbial activities, while carbon input increases nitrogen fixation and mineralization. This dynamic adjustment of carbon and nitrogen cycles has important implications for modeling ecosystem carbon sequestration under global change.
A Norwegian study found that patients who slept less than six hours or more than nine hours per night were more likely to report infections. Chronic sleep problems also increased the risk of needing antibiotics.
A groundbreaking study found that creating shallow water zones enhances fish populations, while coarse wood bundles have positive effects in selected lakes. The approach has stronger long-term effects than narrow species-focused conservation actions.
Researchers found that patients with greater buildup of fatty plaque deposits in the heart's three largest blood vessels had higher chances of developing serious health issues following surgery. This study suggests using existing chest scans to estimate patients' risk of heart attack or death during major surgeries.
A Swedish study of children's drawings during the COVID-19 pandemic found that young children drew detailed images of illness, death, and cancelled activities. The researchers also discovered a high level of health literacy among the children, showing they understood the virus's characteristics and symptoms.
A detailed and dynamic model of the Earth's surface over the past 100 million years provides a high-resolution understanding of its creation and sediment flow to oceans. The model will help scientists predict future changes and understand ocean chemistry.
A recent study found that resistance training significantly improved muscle strength and reduced inflammation in older adults with sarcopenia. The research, conducted by Brazilian researchers, also showed that physical exercise can improve sleep quality and reduce chronic inflammation.
A new study shows that patients with liver cirrhosis have a lower immune response to COVID-19 vaccines, but this does not affect the vaccines' effectiveness. Age, type of vaccine, and viral hepatitis etiology also play a role in immune responses.
A study published in Brain, Behavior and Immunity found that pregnant women with anxiety have higher levels of cytotoxic T cells and different immune marker activity compared to those without anxiety. This suggests a biological link between anxiety and the immune system during pregnancy and postpartum.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered that human norovirus GII.4 invades gastrointestinal cells via an unexpected mechanism involving interactions between viral and human cell surface proteins. The findings provide insight into the viral infection process and highlight unique pathways for developing effective therapeutics.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic found that a dissolvable plug delivering stem cells can heal single-tract fistulas in patients with Crohn's disease. The treatment has shown durable results with minimal side effects, offering hope for patients with refractory perianal fistulas.
Researchers developed DEtail-seq, a novel technique for meiotic DNA double-strand break (DSB) profiling. The method provides high resolution at or near single nucleotide level, revealing novel features of meiotic DSBs in various species.
A warmer climate is causing bumblebee queens to emerge earlier, potentially disrupting the timing of plant-pollinator interactions. This can lead to reduced biodiversity and lower pollination rates, as some species may not have enough food during their flight period.
Researchers at UPF's Center for Brain and Cognition have made significant contributions to advancing brain-computer interface technology. By analyzing the synchronization of alpha band levels between brain regions, they were able to identify lateralized patterns that can be used to control devices in real-time.
The Coalition for Trust in Health & Science aims to enhance trust in the health system through credible information and evidence-based decision-making. The alliance, comprising 50 member organizations, seeks to address real-world health impacts of misinformation and disinformation.
A study by Le Bonheur Hospital found that high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) treatment for mild to moderate bronchiolitis is associated with longer hospital stays and higher costs. HFNC usage outside intensive care units resulted in increased resource utilization for pediatric bronchiolitis patients.
Researchers discovered a novel sound production system in toothed whales, using their nasal passages to generate complex vocalizations. This unique mechanism allows toothed whales to use different vocal registers for echolocation and social communication, similar to humans and birds.
A group of researchers from Osaka University has shown that the segregated function of a messenger ion (Ca2+) can help improve our sense of smell. The study reveals that Ca2+ signaling plays a crucial role in regulating the amplification and reduction of sensory signals, and its processes are clearly segregated within a tiny structure ...
A team of researchers from Michigan State University has discovered two distinct DNA-PK protein complexes that have different roles in DNA repair. One complex fills in lost information, while the other activates enzymes to remove damaged ends. This finding may lead to new strategies for therapeutic gene editing and cancer diagnostics. ...
Researchers developed functional flax fibers with UV-induced switchable wettability for multipurpose oil-water separation. The fibers exhibited hydrophobicity, which could be switched to hydrophilicity through UV irradiation and recovered upon storage in dark environments.
Researchers at Brigham Young University categorized GIF users into three types: Enthusiasts, Searchers, and Referentialists. Enthusiasts use GIFs to express themselves and impress others, while Searchers enjoy the thrill of finding the perfect GIF for a situation. Referentialists rely on pop culture references to respond to GIFs. Under...
Researchers at Tohoku University found that astrocytes exhibit a stronger acid response during REM sleep in epileptic mice, which may drive specific information processing and generating plasticity. This discovery could lead to the development of a biomarker for epilepsy severity and potentially inform therapeutic strategies.
A new study by the University of Copenhagen found that private forests in Denmark have a significant impact on property values. Forest owners attribute great value to their trees and landscapes, leading to increased quality of life and financial gains.
A review of dozens of studies found a positive association between sugary drinks and weight gain in both adults and children, with increasing SSB intake linked to greater weight gain over time. Limiting SSB consumption is an effective way to prevent age-related weight gain.
The study found that operating temperatures between 70-90°C enhance electrical performance as long as reactant humidity is maintained high. Water diffusivity and electro-osmotic drag improve ion conductivity despite increased current densities.
Researchers at the University of Southampton have demonstrated that a beam of light can be confined to an area 50 times smaller than its own wavelength and even move it at the point of confinement. This breakthrough could lead to advanced manipulation techniques for nanoparticles, biological particles, and microscopic sensors.
A research team led by Prof. Zeinab Abdullah has discovered the molecular mechanism underlying the suppression of T-cell immunity in patients with chronic liver disease. By targeting a single immune receptor, they were able to reconstitute the immune responses to vaccination against Hepatitis B and COVID-19 in these patients.
A new process combining human evaluation and AI optimization produces better designs than fully automated systems or manual approaches. The 'Human-Informed Topology Optimization' method reduces material usage while maintaining strength, and can be applied to various scales and applications.
A newly published study of a stalagmite in Cave of the Mounds, Wisconsin, provides evidence for massive warming events during the last ice age, with temperature swings up to 10C over a decade. The research suggests a possible link between these events and Dansgaard-Oeschger events in Greenland ice cores.
Researchers discovered two domestication events for cultivated wine grapevine in Western Asia and the Caucasus region 11,000 years ago. They also found that wine and table grapes were cultivated at the same time, contrary to previous hypotheses.
Researchers at UBC Okanagan have developed transmission schemes that incorporate reconfigurable intelligent surfaces to serve as reflectors within existing wireless networks. These surfaces can bounce signals to cell phones, improving accuracy and reliability in location services and data speeds.
New research confirms that coastal water pollution transfers to the atmosphere in sea spray aerosol, contaminating air for people inland. Bacteria and chemicals from sewage-polluted Tijuana River are detected in ocean aerosols.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends earlier and more intensive treatment of childhood and teen obesity, citing evidence that diet and exercise alone are insufficient. The ASMBS supports this guideline, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and treatment for better outcomes.
Researchers found broad similarities in how deaf homesigners and hearing adults describe tool-related events, suggesting universal aspects of human thinking. The study suggests that these similarities reflect the extent to which a tool shapes the object it is being used on.
A University of Gothenburg study of over 37,000 men found that being overweight in childhood and young adulthood significantly increases the risk of venous blood clots later in life. The study also suggests that overweight in puberty has a marked impact on future risks of venous thrombi.
A study from the University of Georgia found that less than half of bald eagle nests in coastal Georgia successfully fledged at least one chick in 2022, a 30% decrease below average. The highly infectious H5N1 avian influenza virus is killing off unprecedented numbers of mating pairs of bald eagles, with the number of infected wild bir...
A research team led by Dr Gary Ying Wai Chan has uncovered a new mechanism that ensures correct DNA segregation in cell division, preventing cancer development. RIF1 and protein phosphatase 1 play a crucial role in resolving ultrafine DNA bridges, which can lead to DNA damage and genome instability if not properly resolved.
Researchers developed a platform for localizing and tracking wireless microdevices in the GI tract, achieving millimeter-scale spatial resolution. The system has potential to revolutionize clinical diagnosis and treatment of GI disorders without invasive procedures or radiation exposure.
A University of Bristol study found that social animals limit individuality to conform with the behaviour of the group. Simple social behavioural rules can drive conformity behaviour in groups, eroding consistent behavioural differences shown by individual animals.
Researchers identified a new mutation in the desmoplakin gene that leads to cardiac disease arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM). The mutation affects heart muscle cell connections and ion channel function, highlighting the importance of desmosomes in maintaining healthy heart function.
Researchers used AI to analyze literature describing compounds that enhance mitophagy, a process damaged in Parkinson's disease. Probucol, a cholesterol-lowering drug, was identified as the most effective compound with improved motor function and neuron loss in animal models.
A new approach using nanoparticles has been shown to transport drugs across the blood-brain barrier in mice with medulloblastoma. The nanoparticles target a protein called P-selectin, which binds naturally to cancer cells, and trigger transcytosis to deliver drugs to brain tissue.
Researchers developed synthetic peptide nanonets that selectively entrap bacteria, rendering them vulnerable to antimicrobial components. The nanonets displayed both trapping and killing functionalities, demonstrating potential as an anti-infective strategy.