Researchers at Kyoto University have discovered two novel yeast species with high oil-forming potential, which could be used to produce alternative biofuels and reduce CO2 emissions. The study also explores the relationship between climate and microbial ecology in Shiga Prefecture.
A Dartmouth study analyzing wearable data from 137 US adults with type 1 diabetes found seasonal fluctuations in blood sugar management. Patients tend to maintain healthier levels during warmer months and struggle more during colder months, particularly during holidays.
An international team has decoded the TSPO protein to visualize neuroinflammation, revealing its relationship with microglial cells. The study's findings pave the way for optimizing observation of neuroinflammatory processes and re-reading previous studies.
A study found that ocean acidification reduced the strength and density of fleshy seaweed tissues, making them more fragile and susceptible to damage. The research suggests that this could have drastic effects on coastal ecosystems, leading to a decrease in seaweed coverage and negatively impacting organisms dependent on these habitats.
Researchers have identified a specific error in the NOTCH1 gene that causes rare kidney cancer reninoma. The study found that using existing drugs targeting this gene could serve as an alternative treatment for patients where surgery is not recommended.
Researchers have found a link between the antiviral drug molnupiravir and a pattern of mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The study used global sequencing databases to map mutations over time, identifying a mutational signature associated with individuals who took molnupiravir.
Scientists have developed a tiny, simple setup to make precise pressure measurements using light and sound waves. This method enables exploration of extreme thermodynamics in nanolitre volumes, revealing new properties in unique thermodynamic states of materials.
A study published in iScience found that silver vine is a safe and suitable plant for olfactory enrichment in cats, with no evidence of addictive behavior or toxicity. Dried leaves are particularly effective, and the optimal drying conditions can be achieved at room temperature.
A study by UC Santa Barbara and Gallup Inc. found that nearly one in five wind projects faced opposition, with rates increasing over time. White, wealthy communities are more likely to oppose wind farms in the US, while wealthier communities in Canada also show resistance.
Companies perceived as more trustworthy and committed to diversity when revealing struggles with racial diversity, according to research published by the American Psychological Association. Disclosing negative data signals genuine progress, rather than suppressing it.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have identified a small strand of microRNA called let-7 as crucial in governing the formation of cellular memories that enable T-cells to recognize and attack tumor cells. This discovery offers new insights into how vaccines work and could lead to improved cancer therapies by boosting cellular memory.
Researchers identified specific blood biomarkers that can accurately identify patients with long COVID, revealing distinct immune and hormone function differences. The study also found abnormal T cell activity, reactivation of latent viruses, and reduced cortisol levels in patients with long COVID.
A new study from the University of British Columbia suggests that people with multiple sclerosis are nearly twice as likely to experience mental illness before symptoms appear. The research found higher rates of psychiatric conditions in patients with MS compared to the general population.
A recent study by the University of Cambridge found that autistic individuals are more likely to experience a broad range of chronic physical health conditions across various organ systems. The research highlights the need for closer monitoring and adaptation of healthcare systems to meet the complex needs of autistic people.
A new Michigan State University and Corewell Health research found that in-home prenatal services can significantly reduce the risk of premature births and infant deaths. Pregnant individuals receiving enhanced prenatal care saw a 57% reduced risk, while expectant Black mothers experienced an even greater reduction.
Researchers from the University of Arizona Cancer Center have identified a new method of activating specific molecules to target cancer cells while leaving healthy cells unharmed. The team developed crPROTACs, which allow for the activation and release of proteins only in cancer cells.
Dr. Wang's research aims to extract effective disease biomarkers from large-scale brain imaging studies using advanced statistical learning approaches and scalable computing tools. The goal is to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment accuracy for Alzheimer's Disease and related dementias.
High-performing primary care practices use similar strategies to manage change and improve diabetes care, including standardizing the care process, enhancing care teams, and engaging staff and clinicians. These practices also focus on proactive care, pre-visit planning, and improving patient relationships.
Researchers found that parents who felt misunderstood or not listened to by their doctors were more likely to request out-of-hours consultations. Greater awareness and understanding on the part of GPs about parental feelings and expectations could improve satisfaction with primary health care and reduce after-hours care requests.
Researchers found that adding dendritic cell boosting therapy to radiation and CTLA4 inhibitor combination produced synergistic effect, eliciting tumor regression. This approach resulted in complete or almost complete elimination of targeted tumors.
A new inventory from Portland State University researchers reveals that some glaciers have disappeared entirely, while others have shrunk to tiny sizes. The loss of these natural regulators has significant impacts on streamflow, drought susceptibility, and sea level rise.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science have uncovered a novel mechanism for sorting endocytic cargo, revealing a specific compartment within the trans-Golgi network that determines the fate of cargo. This discovery has implications for understanding basic life processes and diseases caused by disruptions in endocytosis.
A new UC San Diego study suggests that the transparency rules in the Paris Agreement can keep many countries on track to meet their climate goals. The study found that naming and shaming is particularly effective for countries with strong democratic institutions and ambitious climate commitments.
Researchers have developed a new model to study DEPDC5-related epilepsy, revealing the role of breathing control in fatal seizures. The model identifies a unique pattern in fatal seizures, which starts with increased breathing rate and stops completely, leading to fatal lack of oxygen.
A recent study published in the Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling presents a significant breakthrough in accelerating giga-scale virtual screens using machine learning. The researchers successfully reduced processing time by 10-fold for 1.56 billion drug-like molecules, identifying top-scoring compounds in under ten days.
Astronomers discovered a link between dust surrounding supermassive black holes and radio emission in extremely bright galaxies. The study found that quasars with more dust were more likely to have stronger radio emission.
Researchers found an average of 41 microplastic particles per square meter per day settled from the atmosphere, while sediment samples contained denser particles with higher population densities. The study suggests clothing is likely the prominent source of microplastics to the Ganges River system.
Researchers identified four novel receptors potentially linking endometrial cancer with polycystic ovary syndrome, highlighting a major pathway involved in the increased EC risk in PCOS. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway is consistent with a link between PCOS and EC.
A recent study found that certain medical specialties have made progress in increasing diversity among academic medical leaders, while others continue to lag behind
A recent study suggests that the UK's cost of living crisis will significantly impact health outcomes, particularly for those in the most deprived households. Without mitigating measures, inflation is expected to increase deaths by up to 23% and reduce life expectancy by 2.7 years in the most deprived areas.
A qualitative study explores the challenges transgender people face when sharing health information with clinicians, including risk of substandard care. The authors argue that improving medical culture, policies, and data collection tools are necessary to enhance quality and safety of clinical care for transgender individuals.
A new exercise-mimicking drug, SLU-PP-332, has shown promising results in obese mice, leading to weight loss and increased muscle activity without increasing physical activity. The drug works by boosting a natural metabolic pathway, making the body act like it is training for a marathon, resulting in faster metabolism of fat.
Research finds that immune cells in older adults are similar to those in newborns and children, but less effective at recognizing infected cells. The study, published in Nature Immunology, suggests that tailored vaccines and therapies could be developed for different age groups based on the unique characteristics of killer T cells.
Researchers at Rice University developed a way to convert carbon dioxide into methane using copper-based catalysts. The method relies on electrolysis and involves modifying the distances between copper atoms in polymer templates, which improves the chemical conversion rate.
A study using computational modelling reveals that Neanderthals required advanced cognitive traits to produce birch bark tar, including understanding, information processing, and communication. The findings suggest that prehistoric tar making likely involved complex upscaling techniques and group collaboration.
A new algorithm developed by Johns Hopkins researchers can assess genetic risks for major diseases across diverse ancestry populations. The CT-SLEB method uses machine learning and Bayesian statistical modeling to generate genetic scores for 13 traits in five different ancestry categories.
Researchers at the University of California, Irvine have found that decades-old remains of large trees are a major contributor to fire severity in California's Sierra Nevada mountains. This discovery could help improve the state's wildfire management efforts through targeted fuel treatments and prescribed burns.
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine identified distinct immune and hormonal responses in people with long COVID, which may help scientists develop new diagnostics and therapies. The study found increased circulation of antibodies that fight non-COVID-19 viruses and lower levels of cortisol, a steroid hormone released during stress.
Researchers used machine learning to expand and accelerate work on 'atomic shapes,' fundamental pieces of geometry in higher dimensions. The breakthrough identifies shapes and their properties, such as dimension, accelerating new insights across Pure Mathematics.
Scientists have discovered a simple test for signs of past or present life on other planets, using artificial intelligence to distinguish between biological and abiotic samples with high accuracy. The method has the potential to revolutionize the search for extraterrestrial life and deepen our understanding of Earth's earliest life.
A new paper describes clinical experiences of transgender people and identifies four themes: voyeuristic questions, pathologization, stigma, and ineffective care. Researchers recommend strategies to improve safety and quality of care for this patient population.
Scientists from Shibaura Institute of Technology developed a more precise approach to face direction detection, achieving remarkable performance through deep learning-based classification. The new method uses point cloud data and gyro sensors, reducing the need for large datasets and improving accuracy.
A PSU study examines how atmospheric patterns influencing the weather won't necessarily become stronger or more frequent by the end of the century. Instead, warmer temperatures will lead to an increase in rainfall over the Pacific Northwest in most seasons except summer.
Researchers at the University of Kansas are testing a new app that delivers the proven Self-Determined Learning Model of Instruction (SDLMI) to students with disabilities. The Goal Setting Challenge App will be used in two cohorts of high schools, engaging approximately 1,000 students and 85 teachers.
This article discusses the antidiabetic properties of two important spices, Trachyspermum ammi and Pimpinella anisum. The spices, native to the Umbelliferae family, have been traditionally used as carminatives, aromatics, disinfectants, and galactogogues.
A model has been developed to estimate the changes in air radiation dose rates caused by rainfall, enabling accurate quantification of long-term decreasing trend of air dose rates. The study found that increased soil moisture content provides enhanced radiation shielding effect, leading to post-rainfall decrease in air dose rates.
A real-time and accurate weight monitoring system was developed based on perching behavior, achieving an average accuracy of 99.5% and a variance in line with standard weights. The system demonstrated stability across different growth stages and rearing seasons.
Researchers are using the OSIRIS-REx mission to record and characterize infrasound waves generated by the capsule as it moves through Earth's atmosphere. The data will improve scientists' ability to detect meteoroids and other objects moving at hypersonic speeds.
The study uncovers a unique mechanism for salt tolerance in halophytes, focusing on DNA/Chromosome stability. Genomic analysis identifies expanded gene families involved in DNA repair, chromosome stability, and cation binding pathways.
A study found that flat-faced breeds like English and French bulldogs rely more heavily on humans during problem-solving tasks, leading to lower task success rates. This trait may contribute to the strong social bond between owners and these breeds, but the study's findings do not confirm a genetic predisposition.
This study investigates the DNA methylation profiles of Verticillium dahliae and its contribution to fungal pathogenicity. The researchers found that DNA methylation is essential for the penetration and colonization of V. dahliae in plants by inhibiting stress-responsive protein kinase VdRim15.
A new study by uOttawa and Trent University found that the development of Terry Fox Drive in Ottawa has led to a 70% decline in Blanding's turtle populations despite wildlife fencing and new wetlands. The researchers predict that the turtle will reach quasi-extinction threshold within the next few years.
This study uses magnetic sensors to detect and control fuel cell malfunctions. By visualizing the current distribution in real-time, the system can stabilize voltage while controlling bias, enabling stable fuel cell operation. The team aims to develop a comprehensive diagnostic and control system for real-world applications.
A study by Annenberg Public Policy Center researchers identifies five factors assessing science's self-presentation and their impact on public support for increasing US science funding. The factors capture differences between conservatives' and liberals' perceptions of science, highlighting key differences in what matters to each group.
A new editorial addresses clinician burnout by proposing a unifying systems medicine model that incorporates biological, psychological, environmental, and consciousness factors. The authors suggest that Transcendental Meditation can enhance resilience and prevent burnout-related mind-body conditions.
A team of researchers studied Claudio, a person with an inverted head position, to investigate the reasons behind human face recognition. They found that Claudio's performance in detecting and matching faces was not significantly different from that of typical individuals when faces were upright or inverted.
Researchers developed a novel solid-state mechanochemical reaction to synthesize FCMs from PTFE and graphite, producing materials with enhanced storage capacity and electrochemical stability. The new method bypasses toxic reagents and offers a safer alternative for practical applications.
Researchers found that certain bacteria, such as Akkermansia and Clostridiales DTU089, were associated with lower bone density and microarchitecture in older adults. The study suggests that targeting the gut microbiome could lead to better bone health and potentially reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
A new approach reduces computational demands by 84% and enables daily estimation of emissions for major pollutants in urban areas. This leads to a notable 7.1% reduction in root mean square errors in 7-day PM2.5 forecasts, contributing to healthier air for all.
Research found ginger consumption makes neutrophils more resistant to NETosis, a process that contributes to inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Ginger supplementation also boosted chemical levels in neutrophils, inhibiting NETosis in response to disease-relevant stimuli.