A new vaccine created by Mizzou researchers protects cattle from bovine anaplasmosis, a devastating tick-borne disease causing hundreds of millions of dollars in economic losses. The vaccine has been proven to give immunized cattle protection for at least a month and is being discussed with industry partners for future distribution.
Young people with disabilities aged 16 to 24 have high school enrollment rates comparable to non-disabled peers, but significantly fewer hold jobs. College students with disabilities are less likely to be enrolled but slightly more likely to be employed, possibly benefiting from remote work opportunities.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have developed an all-in-one solution to remove and destroy PFAS substances, also known as 'forever chemicals,' from water supply. The system combines an activated carbon filter with a patented catalyst that traps and breaks down harmful chemicals into harmless components.
The University of Illinois has been awarded $15 million from the NSF to establish a new iBioFoundry, which will integrate synthetic biology, laboratory automation, and artificial intelligence. This facility aims to advance protein and cellular engineering, promoting sustainable biomanufacturing processes.
A new study by NYU Langone Health found that the risk of death for kidney donors has decreased significantly since the 1990s, with fewer than one death occurring for every 10,000 donations. Donors who were male and had a history of high blood pressure were more likely to die within 90 days of surgery.
A large observational study found that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors used to treat type 2 diabetes may prevent dementia, with a 35% reduced risk of developing the condition compared to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Longer treatment duration was also associated with greater benefits.
New research reveals a persistent gender gap in household decision-making, with husbands holding more control over investments and potentially exposing their wives to unwanted financial risks. The study found that this power imbalance can have significant consequences for women's financial well-being and overall security.
A study published in Journal of Anthropological Archaeology reveals that interpersonal violence was more common in Norway, with higher rates of trauma on skeletons and the presence of weaponry. In contrast, Denmark experienced more controlled violence linked to official executions.
A new study published in Scientific Reports confirms a linear relationship between blood glucose levels and voice fundamental frequency, suggesting potential for voice-based glucose monitoring. Researchers at Klick Labs used vocal biomarkers and AI to detect Type 2 diabetes with high accuracy.
A recent study from Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health found that Florida's red flag gun law was associated with an 11 percent reduction in firearm homicide rates from 2019 to 2021. The study used augmented synthetic control methods and controlled for state-level sociodemographic and economic covariates.
Researchers discovered that the blood coagulation protein fibrin causes unusual clotting and inflammation in COVID-19, suppressing the body's ability to clear the virus. A promising therapeutic strategy has been identified, targeting fibrin to combat these deleterious effects.
Researchers identified a gene module regulating walnut resistance to anthracnose, a widespread fungal disease. The JrPHL8-JrWRKY4-JrSTH2L module enhances disease defense by boosting the expression of key genes, providing new avenues for breeding resistant walnut varieties and promoting sustainable cultivation practices.
Researchers developed a novel block copolymer that can create finely detailed structures on semiconductor chips with half-pitch sizes of less than 10 nanometers. The new compound achieves 7.6 nm line width, outperforming conventional block copolymers.
A new study from King's College London found that people often hold incorrect assumptions about others with different political views. Despite seeking more information, participants were unable to accurately predict the thoughts and opinions of those in their out-group.
The article proposes a novel finite-time ESO for noncooperative target surrounding control in spacecraft formation. A new manifold is defined and an observer is used to estimate the unknown dynamics. The state equation of the proposed FTESO is obtained, which enables the controller to fulfill the surrounding mission rapidly.
Researchers from Sweden and Spain have identified an endogamous community in northern Iberia that remained relatively isolated despite centuries of turbulent regional history. The study also revealed the presence of the variola virus, which can offer a new explanation on how smallpox entered Iberia.
Researchers in China used a scenario experiment to test messaging strategies on COVID-19 vaccine uptake. The study found that emphasizing personal risk rather than personal gain or community benefits was most effective in persuading people to get vaccinated.
Researchers at RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics found multiple specialized types of DNA replication in early-stage embryos, including a period of instability prone to chromosomal copying errors. This discovery could lead to improved methods of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and better strategies for minimizing chromosomal abnormalities.
A Yale-led study reveals that an increase in PRDM1-S protein triggers a dynamic interaction of genetic and environmental factors, including high salt uptake, leading to regulatory T cell dysfunction. This finding also points to a potential universal treatment for human autoimmune diseases.
A new study by NSF NCAR reveals that detecting Kelvin waves can predict active hurricane periods weeks in advance, allowing forecasters to prepare for potential storms. The research used innovative computer modeling to analyze the connection between Kelvin waves and hurricanes.
Researchers have developed a nanodrug that targets miR-10b, a small noncoding RNA implicated in cancer cell invasion and proliferation. The study shows that inhibiting miR-10b reduces the stemness of breast cancer cells, supporting dedifferentiation as a potential therapeutic mechanism.
A recent study has discovered a sophisticated mechanism by which pathogens like Phytophthora infestans compromise plant immunity by targeting the chloroplast protein StFC-II. This manipulation disrupts the plant's ability to generate reactive oxygen species, making it more susceptible to infection.
Researchers found that large language models (LLMs) can improve systems that detect bots by outperforming state-of-the-art systems by 9%. However, LLMs can also reduce the performance of existing detectors by up to 30% when used to evade automated detection.
A multi-university research team led by University of Virginia engineering professor Gustavo K. Rohde has developed a system that can accurately spot genetic markers of autism in brain images. The system uses generative computer modeling technique called transport-based morphometry, which reveals brain structure patterns that predict v...
Researchers identified two distinct cellular communities driving Alzheimer's disease, with one community promoting cognitive decline and the other contributing to the preservation of brain function. The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's, highlighting potential targets for intervention.
The Gria protocol addresses issues in existing deterministic concurrency control protocols by introducing an auto-scaling batch size, reducing conflicts in low-concurrency scenarios, and eliminating write-after-write conflicts. Experimental results show a significant performance improvement over Aria, outperforming it by 13x.
The LHAASO experiment reveals a 'bending' structure in the gamma-ray spectrum at tens of TeV, indicating the acceleration limit of cosmic rays in the W51 complex. The energy spectrum shows evidence of particle acceleration approaching PeV energies.
A new Swedish registry study found that girls with mental illness or neurodevelopmental conditions have lower HPV vaccination coverage compared to their peers. The study involved over 115,000 girls and found significant differences in vaccination rates among those with psychiatric diagnoses or receiving psychotropic medications.
Researchers found that Prunin laurate, derived from citrus and coconut biomass, inhibits bacterial growth in periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. The compound is tasteless and hypoallergenic, making it a potential inexpensive antimicrobial solution for preventing oral inflammation.
Researchers profiled transcription and chromatin dynamics during vernalization in winter wheat, revealing distinct roles of H3K27me3 and H3K36me3 in regulating key genes VRN1 and FLC. This study identifies potential vernalization-mediated flowering regulators TaFUL3 and TaTOE1.
A new study by Richard Boylan found that geographic disparities in US homicide rates have decreased since the 1970s, contradicting expectations. Economic and social inequalities between regions have grown, but violent crime rates have fallen, with possible explanations including improved policing and incarceration rates.
A new study found a strong correlation between pesticide use and fewer wild bee sightings, suggesting a direct link between pesticide exposure and bee population declines. Alternative pest control strategies, such as integrated pest management, are essential for conserving these crucial pollinators.
A new study analyzes demographic trends, patterns, and consequences of low fertility in high-income countries. Fertility decline poses economic challenges, but a strategic policy response can mitigate most adverse effects. The authors emphasize the importance of designing economies that allow individuals to freely choose their fertilit...
Roman Gaydukov developed a method to model fluid flow around rotating disks with small surface irregularities, reducing computational time and cost. The approach can accurately predict fluid flow behavior in chemical reactions and has potential applications in industry.
A simple blood test could identify individuals with type 2 diabetes who are at a higher risk of certain cancers. The study found that higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 were associated with an increased risk of obesity-related cancers.
A new five-year grant will explore the mammary gland's influence on metabolic diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes. The research aims to identify specific hormones produced by the mammary gland, known as mammokines, which may impact obesity and diabetes in mothers and offspring.
Researchers questioned the Cascadia subduction zone's earthquake record, finding that turbidite layers showed no better correlation than random chance. The study suggests a need for further research on turbidite layers and their connection to past earthquakes.
Holotomography offers a promising approach to biomedical research, providing high-resolution images of live cells and tissues at the organelle level. The KAIST research team has developed core technologies and demonstrated its applications in various fields, including regenerative medicine and cancer research.
A new study introduces a novel approach to mapping GPCR-RAMP interactions, expanding understanding of these interactions and their therapeutic potential. The technique allows researchers to parse out each RAMP's effect on every GPCR, supercharging drug development.
A research team creates an artificial kagome superlattice to manipulate Dirac bands in graphene, achieving dispersion-selective band modulation. The high-order potential allows for fine-tuned control over the band structure.
The study reveals that colder fuel increases the spray impingement ratio, leading to higher wall adhesion and thicker films. The findings aim to optimize fuel injection strategies for cleaner, more efficient engines.
Researchers found that moth species with overlapping ranges in the southeastern US have distinct clock genes, including the 'disco' gene. The study reveals how vision evolves when a species switches its pattern of activity, and provides insights into the mechanisms behind species speciation.
Women with regular annual mammograms had higher overall survival and lower late-stage cancer rates than those screened less frequently. The study's findings contradict current guidelines, suggesting a significant benefit to annual screening for women over 40.
Researchers developed a low-cost, portable tool to accurately measure microplastic particles, which are showing up in food, water, and air. The device uses fluorescent labeling and delivers results in minutes, with costs as low as 1.5 cents per test.
A study published in PLOS ONE reveals that aoudad can catch and spread the same respiratory illnesses as bighorn sheep, which could exacerbate existing diseases and impact both species' populations. The research aims to promote better management of both species.
A new study sheds light on how the herpes simplex virus becomes resistant to treatment by altering the conformation of its protein responsible for replication. The findings reveal that protein mutations linked to drug resistance arise far from the drug's target location, offering a potential strategy for overcoming resistance.
Researchers found metal bats produce exit speeds 5% faster than wood bats, especially on optimal hits. The USA Baseball standard bats offer a similar performance to wood, making them acceptable for leagues.
Two groundbreaking studies provide structural and functional insights into the chloroplast protein import system. The research revealed the assembly, function, and evolutionary diversity of the Ycf2-FtsHi complex, a crucial player in preprotein translocation.
Researchers explore AI's role in addressing challenges in immunotherapy, developing new biomarkers for precise disease characterization and predicting treatment response. A comprehensive review applied AI/radiomics to cross-sectional imaging, showcasing the current landscape in IO treatment.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have created a cleaner way to separate rare-earth elements from complex mixtures. They designed sponges that selectively absorb one metal while excluding others, with the potential to improve purification processes globally.
The study presents age, geochemical, and isotopic data of Hemler, Vlinder, and Il'ichev seamounts, showing they don't fit classic hotspot models, but have similar isotopic compositions to Rarotonga and Samoa plumes.
A small group of dopamine neurons in the striatum plays a crucial role in balancing essential brain functions, including reward, cognition, and movement. This discovery could lead to new treatments for psychiatric and neurological disorders.
Research reveals that stronger brands benefit from individual salesperson incentives, while weaker brands see increased profitability with group incentives. The study explores the impact of brand strength on sales incentive choices.
A five-year study led by Tulane University is investigating a new medication to treat trichomoniasis. The research compares secnidazole with metronidazole, finding that one-dose treatment could offer better options for the infection, which affects 156 million people annually.
The EHT Collaboration has conducted test observations using ALMA and other facilities to detect light from distant galaxies at a frequency of around 345 GHz. The Collaboration achieved the highest resolution ever obtained from the surface of Earth, detecting details as fine as 19 microarcseconds.
A recent study by University of Missouri researchers found that giving nurses massages during their shifts can reduce physical aches and pains while improving mental rejuvenation. The study's lead researcher aims to create a healthier work environment where nurses are excited to remain in the profession long-term.
Researchers identified LcSVP2 as a critical gene in regulating terminal bud dormancy in lychee trees. The discovery holds potential for advancing understanding of plant growth cycles and improving agricultural practices, particularly in fruit-bearing species.
Researchers validate increase of specific t-Cys sites associated with aging in human proteome, suggesting potential role in age-related diseases. The study expands beyond classical proteinopathic paradigms, highlighting trioxidized cysteine as a key molecular mechanism underlying aging.
Researchers characterized bemnifosbuvir's activation cascade at atomic resolution, paving the way for the design of new broad-spectrum antiviral drugs. The study provides insights into the mechanism of action of this antiviral compound, which could lead to more effective treatments against various viral infections.
A new type of sensor leverages exceptional points to achieve high sensitivity and reconfigurability. The novel design addresses limitations of traditional EP-based sensors by incorporating spoof localized surface plasmon resonators, allowing for dynamic reconfiguration of EP states across a wide frequency range.