Early detection of cognitive impairment helps people prepare for future loss of financial and physical independence. Lifestyle factors like exercise, obesity, and hobbies can increase dementia risk, while regional associations with dementia also play a role.
A UCI-co-led study found that accumulated DNA damage in the retina contributes to AMD. Targeting specific retinal cell types could lead to treatments that slow or stop progression.
Scientists at National Institute for Fusion Science create high-speed plasma phase-space distribution measurement, improving data resolution by 50-fold. The new technique reveals wave-particle interactions and simultaneous rightward-leftward waves, leading to more efficient plasma heating.
Bluesky is now a recognized attention source for published research, with Altmetric tracking over 395,000 mentions of research on the platform. This integration provides researchers and institutions with insights into their work's real-world influence.
Scientists at the University of Texas at Austin and UCLA have created an e-tattoo that can measure brain activity using electroencephalography (EEG). The new method uses a camera to map the individual head's shape digitally, allowing for more precise sensor placement. This innovation could transform brain-computer interfaces, making th...
A study at Hospital for Special Surgery found that both robotic-assisted navigation and augmented reality techniques demonstrate superior accuracy in pedicle screw placement, with 99.6% of robotic screws rated as Grade A or B and 92.6% of augmented reality screws achieving the top rating.
The landmark review charts the transformation of pituitary tumor treatment from early hormone regulation experiments to modern precision therapies. Key findings include significant advances in prolactinoma and acromegaly treatments, as well as emerging areas for research like receptor modulators and immunotherapy.
A team of researchers at Penn State developed a novel bioprinting technique that uses spheroids to create complex tissue, producing tissue 10-times faster and with high cell density. The technique enables the rapid fabrication of functional tissues and organs, opening new opportunities for regenerative medicine.
A global analysis of 1.7 million plant community datasets reveals no positive correlation between functional and phylogenetic diversity in most ecosystems. Instead, many plots exhibit a high level of functional diversity with low phylogenetic diversity.
Researchers found a 'waste canal system' in the human brain that internalizes waste from healthy neurons, leading to catastrophic swelling and degeneration. The discovery offers a promising new explanation for Alzheimer's disease pathologies and potential avenues for drug development.
Researchers at Osaka University have discovered a 'nano-switch mechanism' that controls the potential of an electron carrier protein in redox reactions. This finding has significant implications for the development of ultra-sensitive sensors and novel drugs.
EMBO has announced the selection of 27 young scientists to join its prestigious Young Investigator Programme, with projects spanning cell and computational biology, immunology, neuroscience, and more. The programme supports innovation and collaboration among new leaders in life sciences.
Priscilla Slanetz, a breast radiologist and professor at Boston University School of Medicine, has received the 2024 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Award for her outstanding contributions to advancing women in radiology. She is recognized for her clinical research, educational efforts, and leadership in promoting diversity and inclusion.
Dr. Sebastian Stich aims to create more efficient and adaptable machine learning models using collaborative learning approaches. The goal is to reduce computational power demands and costs, making it accessible to smaller players in fields like medicine.
A retrospective study of over 6,200 patients found that spinal manipulative therapy significantly reduced the need for butalbital prescriptions and medication overuse headache. Patients receiving SMT were also less likely to develop MOH, with only 1.7% prescribed butalbital compared to 3.8% in non-SMT groups.
Researchers conducted a caving expedition to gather data on the effects of environmental stressors on human cognition, collecting useful insights despite logistical challenges. The study proposed a framework for future field-based cognitive science research, offering lessons beyond traditional lab settings.
Researchers from NUS and A*STAR have discovered a connection between the regulation of alternative splicing in different cell types and the predisposition to autoimmune diseases. The study used a population-scale single-cell gene expression profiling dataset to analyze splicing events specific to particular cell types, revealing ancest...
A $13 million initiative led by PNNL has created an AI-ready searchable database of 28,212 documents, reducing the time to conduct environmental reviews from 2-4 years to minutes. The PolicyAI toolkit is currently beta testing with federal NEPA reviewers, aiming to deliver time and cost savings.
Researchers develop TriGuard, a tripartite evolutionary game model to counteract bribery in Delegated Proof-of-Stake blockchain systems, promoting fair participation and robust security.
An experimental study in mice found that SARS-CoV-2 infection can damage the retinas, leading to long-term implications for vision. The virus caused widespread inflammation across the retinal pigment epithelium, including complement activation and increased production of inflammatory cytokines.
The concept uses two-step conversion of surplus electricity into hydrogen and synthetic fuels, storing energy in the form of methane and methanol. Biogas plants are used to produce CO2, which is then converted into these molecules. The stored energy can be used to fuel hydrogen-powered vehicles or generate electricity.
Astronomers have discovered a fourth planet in the unusual Kepler-51 system, which consists of three ultra-low density 'super-puff' planets. The new planet, Kepler-51e, has a mass similar to the other three and follows a circular orbit of approximately 264 days.
Researchers observed microfiber plastics tumbling, rolling, and getting stuck in soil particles, revealing slow movement and potential trapping. The study improves understanding of exposure risks and possible health impacts of widespread plastic pollutants.
A new study found that rats' responses to cocaine paired with aversive quinine reveal individual susceptibility to addiction. The research suggests that people's reactions to the unpleasant aspects of drug consumption can play a crucial role in determining their risk of developing substance use disorders.
Four LMU researchers have been awarded prestigious ERC Consolidator Grants to investigate the statistics of social inequality, rewrite the history of Mesopotamia using artificial intelligence, and study the mechanisms of enzymatic reactions involving small molecules. The grants will fund their projects for five years, with funding up t...
A study reveals that soil emissions account for at least a quarter of nitrogen oxide emissions in California's Salton Sea air basin, with annual total emissions reaching 11 tons per day. The findings highlight the need to better understand and account for agricultural soils' emissions to improve air quality in rural areas.
Indigenous women in the Amazon region of Brazil created varnished gourds with complex decorations inspired by local flora and fauna as well as European and Asian embroidery patterns. The craft was recognized at the beginning of the 18th century and was mainly produced for the European market, participating in a process of globalization.
The seventh International Symposium on Arctic Research (ISAR-7) addressed Arctic changes' impacts on residents and the global community. The symposium featured diverse presentations covering atmospheric sciences, terrestrial science, and humanities, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary research to achieve sustainable development.
Researchers identified iTBS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as the most effective method for treating adults with schizophrenia, improving negative and cognitive symptoms. The treatment approach was well-accepted and well-tolerated by participants.
Combining PVA with a boron-containing compound improved the effects of radiation therapy for cancer, making it more selective of tumor cells and prolonging drug retention. This breakthrough could lead to more effective treatment options for challenging cancers.
Professor Lutz Nuhn aims to create lipid-free capsules for RNA vaccines that don't require cooling and can initiate precise immune responses. He plans to equip the capsules with messenger substances to target cancer as well.
Research from the University of Kansas found that American and Canadian universities have made progress in addressing climate change in their curriculum, but vary widely in how they approach it. The majority of programs include climate change as an elective course, with a focus on adaptation rather than mitigation.
A study found that skeletal muscle loss, particularly in the temporalis muscle, is associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease dementia. Participants with smaller temporalis muscle size were more than twice as likely to develop dementia over a median follow-up period of 5.8 years.
Dr. Debra Bangasser has received the Daniel H. Efron Research Award for her contributions to understanding stress response mechanisms and sex differences in brain function. Her research aims to improve women's health and treatment outcomes for psychiatric disorders.
Researchers found that streams near farms are a significant source of nitrous oxide emissions, with some areas emitting up to half of the total emissions in the region. The study suggests that targeting mitigation efforts on streams and rivers connected to agricultural soils can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
The university will develop sensors to predict turbulent air flows using machine learning concepts inspired by insect wings. Meanwhile, Ignacio Jurado will study the role of loser consent in democratic stability across twenty democracies.
A minimally invasive procedure called Genicular artery embolization (GAE) has been shown to effectively relieve knee pain and improve quality of life in people with osteoarthritis. The study found that GAE can significantly reduce knee pain and improve quality of life, even in advanced cases.
According to a new analysis, veterans with disabilities maintained robust employment levels despite pandemic challenges, with an employment-to-population ratio of 44.8%. This is higher than the general population of people with disabilities at 37.3%, and even surpasses non-veteran counterparts without disabilities.
Chronic fatigue syndrome patients' immune T cells become exhausted, a condition well-studied in cancer. Researchers now explore potential treatments to reverse this state, which may benefit ME/CFS patients.
Researchers have developed a novel therapeutic approach using polypurine hairpins to inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2. The technique has shown promising results in laboratory animal models and Vero E6 cells, providing a potential new tool in the fight against COVID-19 and other viral diseases.
Two Hebrew University researchers have been selected to join the EMBO Young Investigator Programme, a prestigious initiative recognizing exceptional early-career group leaders in life sciences. The recipients will receive funding and training to foster scientific excellence and interdisciplinary collaboration.
A new study will evaluate the benefits and risks of endovascular thrombectomy for patients presenting beyond 24 hours. The trial aims to provide deterministic evidence of clinical benefit due to addition of endovascular thrombectomy to standard medical care.
Experts reveal how new photocatalytic sheets and reactors can split water into hydrogen and oxygen using sunlight. The breakthrough could make solar energy conversion a practical option, but challenges remain, including efficiency and safety concerns.
A study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital has identified a serum protein panel test that accurately predicts cardiomyopathy risk in childhood cancer survivors. The test, using a panel of 27 proteins, was tested on 46 survivors and correctly predicted risk in 38 cases.
Researchers from Tsinghua University proposed a Ram-Rotor Detonation Engine (RRDE) that improves on existing detonation engines. The RRDE uses a rotating rotor and stationary casing to create a stable detonation wave, achieving high pressure gains and efficiency.
The Monell Chemical Senses Center and A*Star SIFBI are exploring the unique sensory differences between Asian and Western populations to develop products that resonate with local consumers. They aim to create sensory testing protocols specific to Asians, transforming food and nutrition strategies for companies globally.
Researchers developed a breakthrough optical technology, SC-PVVBs, that can carry vast amounts of information, making them ideal for dense data communication systems. The technology overcomes conventional optical beam limitations by locally patching spatial frequency to create multiple data channels.
A standardized testing protocol has been developed to evaluate the efficiency, flexibility, and mechanical performance of flexible photovoltaic devices. The protocol focuses on measuring efficiency over 1,000 bending cycles, providing a benchmark for evaluating these devices in real-life conditions.
A Phase 2 clinical trial has been initiated by Genethon and Hansa Biopharma to evaluate the efficacy and safety of imlifidase, a gene therapy for Crigler-Najjar syndrome. The trial aims to address anti-AAV antibodies, which prevent up to 1 in 3 people from benefiting from gene therapies.
Researchers developed a new hydrogel that quickly neutralizes harmful acids and stabilizes waterlogged wood from shipwrecks. The gel is designed to disperse acid- and microbe-fighting compounds through the wood, gradually dissolving over time to avoid surface damage.
A 10-minute brain scan can predict the effectiveness of a risky spinal surgery to alleviate intractable pain. The study found that patients who responded better to spinal cord stimulation therapy had weaker connections between certain brain networks.
Recent US data analysis reveals stabilization of breast reconstruction rates after mastectomy, with a decrease in disparities among racial and insurance groups. The study analyzed over 1.5 million patients from 2005 to 2017, finding that nearly one-third underwent immediate reconstruction, with a shift towards more equitable distribution.
The FAU Marcus Institute of Integrative Health will broaden its services, enhance educational programs, and expand community wellness initiatives with the new grant. The institute aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of comprehensive integrative health as the optimal approach for achieving overall well-being.
Experts in the field of aging have differing opinions on what constitutes aging, ranging from demographic increases in mortality rates to pathological declines. Despite these disagreements, there is consensus that aging exists and is inherently deleterious.
Researchers from UniSA have developed a simple strategy to increase seawater evaporation rates, making desalination more energy-efficient and sustainable. By introducing clay minerals into a photothermal hydrogel evaporator, they achieved a 18.8% higher evaporation rate for seawater compared to pure water.
Researchers identified Nr1h2 as a critical transcription factor for early embryo development, enhancing the fidelity of stem cell-based embryo models. Activation of Nr1h2 improves blastoid formation, expressing canonical markers and generating both embryonic and extra-embryonic lineages.
Hebrew University researchers Prof. Dina Schneidman and Prof. Yoel Greenberg have been awarded €2 million European Research Council grants for their innovative projects. Their work aims to transform immune research, advance vaccine development, and revolutionize music theory.
The new SMART USA institute aims to leverage cutting-edge research, educational initiatives, and industry-academic partnerships to improve domestic semiconductor design and manufacturing. The institute will focus on the development, validation, and application of digital twins to enhance semiconductor processes.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promise in delivering treatments directly to cancer cells and boosting the immune system's fight against cancer. However, ongoing research highlights challenges related to MSC behavior, including variability in their effects and potential to create conditions that support tumor growth.
Researchers predict the first summer that melts virtually all Arctic sea ice could occur as early as 2027, with extreme weather events and warming temperatures contributing to the melting. Dramatic reductions in greenhouse gas emissions could delay this timeline and preserve sea ice.