A new study found that women receive greater cardiovascular gains from exercise compared to men, with women achieving similar benefits from exercising just under 2.5 hours per week versus five hours for men. Women also gain more benefit from muscle-strengthening activities when doing fewer sessions per week.
A global vaccine safety study involving 99 million people found potential risks of myocarditis, pericarditis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after mRNA and viral vector COVID-19 vaccinations. The study's findings were made possible by the Global Vaccine Data Network.
A new type of antifouling membrane spacer inspired by coral tentacles has been developed, reducing fouling by 61.7% and increasing efficiency. The spacer's low surface energy and temperature responsiveness improve hydration capacity and interfacial roughness control.
Researchers at UNSW Sydney have successfully encoded quantum information in four distinct ways using a single antimony atom. This breakthrough enables more flexibility in designing future quantum computing chips, with each method offering unique advantages and potential trade-offs.
A study by Griffith University reveals high levels of microplastics in Australian biosolids, which can accumulate in soils and break down into smaller plastics. The research found that synthetic clothing fibres were the dominant type of microplastic, with highest concentrations during cold and wet seasons.
Hemodialysis patients experience itching due to high levels of protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs), which are difficult to remove by dialysis therapy. A new study found an association between PBUTs and itching, suggesting improved treatments for this common symptom.
Researchers have made groundbreaking discoveries about the reproduction of giant Antarctic sea spiders, a phenomenon known as polar gigantism. The study found that these creatures do not carry their young like most other species, but instead attach them to rocks for several months before hatching.
A team of scientists has developed a new treatment for chronic wounds that uses ionized gas plasma to decontaminate and heal wounds. The technology shows promise in treating diabetic foot ulcers, internal wounds, and potentially cancerous tumours.
Researchers have discovered microplastics and cellulose-based fibres in the intestine samples of four apex shark species caught off the coast of South East Queensland. The study found that 82% of analysed intestine samples contained microplastics, with a mean abundance of 31 particles/kg of samples.
Scientists have identified ocean viruses that can help trap carbon dioxide in seawater, using similar techniques to prevent methane's escape from thawing Arctic soil. The study reveals which viruses target the most important reactions in microbial community metabolisms.
A novel gene-based prognostic tool has been developed to personalize treatment in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The five-gene transcriptional signature improves prognostic accuracy and identifies high-risk patients. It also streamlines the panel of genetic markers without compromising predictive efficacy.
Researchers developed a multi-step process to quantify the dependency of international trade on Nature's Contributions to People (NCPs), including spatial mapping and tracing international trade flows. The study aims to improve knowledge about the complex relationship between nature and international trade, supporting implementing Targ...
Researchers successfully demonstrate a third branch of magnetism in manganese telluride, combining ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic properties. This discovery offers promising opportunities for future applications in information technology and nanoelectronics.
Researchers are using machine learning tools to understand biological traits from images, enabling new discoveries about life on Earth. Imageomics is analyzing the relationship between observable phenotypes and genome, leading to a better understanding of direct connections.
Researchers crafted replicas of Early Upper Paleolithic stone age tools and used them for various tasks. They found that combining macroscopic and microscopic traces can help identify tool functions, potentially pushing back the timeline for woodworking innovation.
A new instrument concept, ngRADAR, will use the Green Bank Telescope and other facilities to expand on ground-based radar capabilities. The system has the potential to increase resolution imaging and characterize hazardous objects in unprecedented detail.
A study by University of Seville researchers reveals that climate change has brought forward the flowering period in Doñana National Park by 22 days, affecting 80% of species. This shift leads to increased competition for pollinating insects and altered plant community dynamics.
A rare case of an opossum infected with rabies has been reported in Brazil, highlighting the risk of virus transmission to humans. The study found that dogs can act as vectors for the virus and that opossums are key to surveillance in urban environments.
A new study found that lockdown-induced delays in diagnosing melanoma led to over 100,000 years of life lost across Europe and £6.1 billion in costs, mainly due to loss of productivity. The research emphasizes the importance of considering unintended side effects in pandemic planning.
Researchers at HKUST have developed a novel selective direct epitaxy method, called lateral aspect ratio trapping (LART), to efficiently integrate III-V compound semiconductor devices with silicon. This breakthrough enables high-speed, low-cost connections that can handle massive amounts of data.
The study indicates that the earlier drop in RN employment during the pandemic was likely transitory, with updated forecasts showing a stable workforce. The recovered workforce size is close to pre-pandemic projections, suggesting a return to normal staffing levels.
Nearly 90 participants from various sectors attended the workshop to collaborate on ecosystem service assessment results for private and public decision-making. The event highlighted key updates and challenges of the SELINA Demonstration Projects, showcasing progress toward supporting informed decision-making.
A Brazilian study analyzed how low-income communities deal with the effects of the economic crisis in São Paulo city. The research found that entrepreneurship is a main strategy used by members of poor communities to participate in the economy, with over 15 million people registered as micro-entrepreneurs nationwide.
A new study from Uppsala University found that increased access to water in arid areas can lead to a surge in demand for water and pasture, threatening the livelihoods of nomadic livestock farmers. The research highlights the need for effective management of water infrastructure to ensure climate resilience.
The American Geophysical Union (AGU) has announced the Ocean Sciences Meeting 2024, featuring panel discussions on climate interventions and ocean-based carbon dioxide removal. Researchers will also explore using shipwrecks to study changing coastlines and oceans.
Researchers at UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified the protein TYRP1 as a promising target for CAR T-cell therapy. The study demonstrates potent antitumor responses against cutaneous and rare melanoma types, offering new hope for treating these challenging-to-treat cancers.
S100A11 plays a specific role in the initiation of focal adhesion site disassembly, rather than the disassembly process itself. The protein is recruited to adhesion sites through a force-dependent mechanism involving non-muscle myosin II-driven stress fiber contraction and intracellular Ca2+ influx.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have developed a new silicon-photonic chip that can perform vector-matrix multiplication using light waves, allowing for accelerated AI computing. The chip's design has privacy advantages, as sensitive information can be processed simultaneously without being stored in memory.
Researchers found that widely used machine learning tools produce biased results for immunotherapy research, as they rely heavily on datasets from higher-income communities. This can lead to ineffective treatments for lower-income populations. The study highlights the need for accurate and unbiased data in machine learning models.
A team of researchers used biopsies from young bulls to investigate the genes and mechanisms controlling male fertility. They found a large number of genes associated with fertility in bulls, most of which are also relevant to human male fertility.
Researchers developed protein-like polymers to disrupt the Keap1/Nrf2 protein-protein interaction, preventing cellular damage and oxidative stress. This approach holds promise for treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and ALS.
Scientists from Tokyo Tech propose two design techniques to minimize unwanted signals known as fractional spurs, which degrade phase noise in output of the PLL. The first technique uses a cascaded-fractional divider and achieves a -62.1dBc fractional spur, while the second technique employs a pseudo-differential DTC, resulting in an in...
Researchers have developed a novel catalyst platform that enhances the selectivity of catalytic reactions by trapping nanoparticles to prevent agglomeration. The distance between particles plays a crucial role in determining the product yield, with increased separation leading to more efficient production of intermediate chemicals.
Researchers at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin found that COVID-19 neurological symptoms are caused by inflammation in the body, rather than direct brain infection. The study analyzed brain tissue from 21 deceased patients and found changes in molecular processes in some cells.
A 280-million-year-old fossil, thought to show soft tissue preservation, is found to be a forgery after new examination. The body outline was artificially created, likely to enhance the appearance of the fossil, while the bones of the hindlimbs and tiny bony scales are genuine.
Scientists have gained new insights into spatial memory by discovering that different types of nerve cells become active together and are coordinated by brain waves. This discovery sheds light on the neural basis of human memory and may lead to the development of new therapies for memory impairments.
A new hand-held device screens for breast cancer biomarkers from a tiny spit sample, offering quick and efficient results. The portable tool distinguishes between healthy tissue, early cancer, and advanced cancer in a small group of women.
A major new study reveals that heart attack survivors are at high risk of developing further serious health conditions, including heart failure, kidney disease, and depression. The research found that up to a third of patients developed heart or kidney failure, and 38% died within nine years.
Moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity after concussion decreases symptoms when reaching a specific volume but provides no additional benefits beyond that point. This finding is significant for recommending post-concussion exercise routines.
Research shows that lowering doses and adjusting chemotherapy schedules for older adults with advanced cancer can reduce toxic side effects and preserve daily functions. Over 30% of patients benefited from treatment regimen modifications, with a 15% reduced risk of serious clinician-rated toxic effects.
A study by Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) highlights the complementary roles of electrification and hydrogen in achieving European energy transition. Electrification is critical for sectors like transport and heating, while hydrogen is mainly used for aviation, industry, and electricity storage.
Researchers at the University of São Paulo analyzed data from 115 children with syndromic growth disorders and found a high incidence of overlapping genetic alterations. The study highlights the importance of genetic sequencing in accurate diagnosis and treatment.
A team of scientists has identified a key protein in the toxoplasmosis parasite that is essential for its multiplication, suggesting a promising new target for therapy. The discovery was made by analyzing the evolutionary history of the parasite's organelles and identifying a critical component of their machinery.
Researchers successfully conduct laboratory studies on whistler mode chorus emission using the RT-1 device, a magnetically levitated superconducting coil. The findings reveal that high-temperature electrons drive the generation of chorus emission, while increasing plasma density suppresses its occurrence.
A new research proposes a hemispherical shell shape to optimize organic photovoltaic cells, achieving a 66% increase in light absorption and improved angular coverage. The study presents advanced computational analysis, revealing the remarkable capabilities of this innovative design.
Researchers found that the bacterial community in Arctic seabed sediments remains stable throughout the seasons, with changes in gene expression of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. This suggests that bacteria can utilize fresh material from the water column as well as stored compounds in the seabed.
A recent study found that a commercial machine learning tool was moderately successful in predicting hospitalization-related kidney injury, but struggled to identify high-risk patients. The tool performed better for low-risk patients and Stage 1 HA-AKI cases.
A recent study by Swansea University analyzed the link between digit ratio and oxygen consumption in professional football players. The research found that athletes with longer ring digits relative to their index fingers had more efficient oxygen metabolism, reaching high maximal oxygen consumption during a cardiopulmonary test.
Researchers at WVU have developed a microwave technology that can significantly reduce industry's energy consumption and carbon emissions. The technology, which uses microwaves to carry out chemical reactions, has the potential to produce ethylene and ammonia in a single reactor, leading to increased efficiency and lower emissions.
A study co-led by Prof. Kelly Metcalfe finds risk-reducing mastectomies significantly reduce breast cancer risk and death probability in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 genetic variant. The procedure reduces the risk of breast cancer by 80% and decreases mortality to less than 1%.
Scientists propose using online digital data from media platforms to complement monitoring efforts for biodiversity conservation. This approach aims to generate novel insights into human–nature interactions and their impact on biodiversity. The proposed framework integrates near real-time data with existing datasets, enabling real-time...
The February 2024 issue of GEN Biotechnology features groundbreaking research on a fluorescent sex-sorting technique for pest control and cell-based gene therapies. The journal also explores the emergence of synthetic biology and addresses scientific misconduct in the field.
A study published in Nature Communications has identified key genes, biological processes, and cell types that may contribute to the development of primary open-angle glaucoma. The research highlights potential mechanisms involving gene expression, cellular regulation, and vascular development.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have developed a new photosensitizer that doubles the yield of fumaric acid from CO2, creating biodegradable plastics with reduced carbon dioxide emissions. The innovation reuses waste resources to produce fumaric acid, a key component of sustainable packaging materials.
Researchers conducted the first controlled exposure clinical trial in humans using graphene oxide without adverse effects on lung or cardiovascular function. Further studies are needed to assess higher doses and longer exposures to determine safety.
Researchers developed a framework for standardizing biomarker development and validation to improve the prediction of age-related health outcomes. The study highlights the need for expanded focus on functional decline, frailty, chronic disease, and disability, and calls for harmonization of omic data to enhance reliability.
Researchers explored the potential of anoxic marine basins for large-scale carbon sequestration. The study found that these areas can preserve plant matter, making them ideal for storing biomass. The Black Sea basin emerged as the best option due to its isolation and depth.
A study at Marine Biological Laboratory found that bacteria form complex structures called 'pink berries' to protect against viruses. These structures have a genetic mechanism that introduces new variation into their genomes, allowing them to adapt and survive.
In a phase 2 clinical trial, zilebesiran significantly reduced 24-hour mean ambulatory systolic blood pressure in adults with mild to moderate hypertension. The treatment was administered subcutaneously at varying doses and intervals, demonstrating its potential as an RNA interference therapeutic for managing hypertension.
Researchers at Korea Institute of Fusion Energy successfully increased lithium extraction rates by three times using CO2 microwave plasma technology. The method involves ionizing carbon dioxide into a plasma state to enhance lithium extraction rates.