Researchers used magnetoencephalography (MEG) technology to determine how levodopa affects brain signals in patients with Parkinson's disease. The study found that some patients experience 'off-target' effects of the drug, affecting brain regions beyond the intended dopamine-replacement therapy area.
Access to buprenorphine and naltrexone for opioid use disorder is affected by race and ethnicity, as well as insurance type. Targeted interventions, including culturally tailored care and expanded access points, are needed to address disparities and reduce inequities contributing to the overdose crisis.
Researchers at the University of Córdoba develop a biodegradable emulsifier from avocado pruning residue, improving stability and shelf life of emulsions. The new emulsifier also exhibits enhanced antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, making it a promising alternative to petrochemical-based emulsifiers.
Researchers have characterised the human protease SENP5, implicated in various diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. The study reveals a positively charged region that prefers SUMO2 binding, opening the way for specific inhibitor design with minimal side effects.
A global coalition of experts released the Copenhagen Declaration, a framework to revolutionize diabetes care and research globally. The declaration outlines four urgent strategies to close gaps in treatment and innovation, with a focus on low- and middle-income countries.
Researchers identified hundreds of molecular markers in saliva associated with systemic pathological processes beyond the oral cavity. These markers can reflect genetic heritability of diseases such as prostate cancer, coronary disease, and Type 2 diabetes.
A Kobe University team developed a technique to classify thousands of enzymes, allowing for rapid evaluation and identification of highly active and versatile enzymes. The approach enabled the discovery of an enzyme with up to 10 times higher productivity than industry standards.
A new study suggests tailoring TB treatment to disease severity could improve patient outcomes and prevent the spread of drug-resistant strains. By identifying patients with less severe forms of TB, treatment courses can be safely shortened, reducing the risk of treatment failure and relapse.
A new approach enables hospital pharmacists to rapidly create bespoke medicine cartridges for rare disease patients, boosting access to personalized treatment. The NANOSPRESSO platform could open up treatments for underfunded and underserved rare conditions worldwide.
A study reveals that ultra-small nanoparticles can induce abnormal protein conformation and have the potential to cause pathological conditions like Alzheimer's disease. The researchers used spectroscopy-based experiments to analyze the interactions between bovine serum albumin and silica nanoparticles.
More than 1 million people worldwide are diagnosed with bronchiectasis, a chronic lung disease characterized by enlarged airways. Global partners unite for World Bronchiectasis Day to share resources on self-management, mental health, and nutrition to improve care and quality of life for those affected.
The new centre will investigate neural dynamics, developing novel interventions and devices to improve symptom relief and quality of life for people with brain disorders. It aims to harness neural dynamics for people with conditions like Parkinson’s disease or epilepsy.
Veterans with female sex and racial/ethnic minority groups are disproportionately affected by opioid overdose deaths. Younger females and racially minoritized veterans experience high rates of overdose deaths during times of healthcare stress.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) has updated its guideline on radiation therapy for high-grade diffuse gliomas, the most common primary brain tumor in adults. The new guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for multidisciplinary treatment and addresses optimal radiation dosing, fractionation, and techniques.
A new study found that runners who focus on a single point ahead of them, such as the finish line, can increase their effort and performance. This mental strategy, known as attentional narrowing, was associated with faster running times and higher heart rates.
Most opioid treatment programs still do not offer all three forms of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) as of 2023. Government-operated programs and those accepting Medicare are more likely to provide comprehensive MAT offerings.
A new review synthesizes decades of observational evidence and climate modeling advances to chart a path forward for more reliable TC projections. The team determined that tropical sea surface temperature (SST) warming patterns modulate TC genesis, intensity, and spatial distribution.
A recent study published in Health Science Reports found that food insecurity does not affect the stress mindset of individuals. However, exercise was associated with improvements in neurobehaviors, including stress mindset and improved resilience.
A study by the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management found that ingroup bias led to shorter inspections for domestic vessels and increased scrutiny after a catastrophic accident. However, additional training can counteract this bias, suggesting that human capital is crucial in enforcing standards.
UVA Health received two anonymous $25 million estate gifts to support the Paul and Diane Manning Institute of Biotechnology. The institute will develop new treatments for hard-to-treat diseases with a state-of-the-art biomedical research facility expected to drive economic growth in Central Virginia.
Researchers have discovered how FGF19, produced in the intestine, acts on specific regions of the brain to regulate energy expenditure. The hormone stimulates thermogenic adipocyte activity, leading to increased fat burning and improved blood glucose levels in obese animals.
The American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) has launched a critical care APP education and certification program, covering 11 topic areas including patient-centered care and pharmacology. The CCAPP Certification Exam is now available, with an August 5 deadline to apply for the 2025 exam.
A longitudinal study found that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly decreased US adults' confidence in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), while increasing trust in personal doctors and local health departments. Confidence in these institutions dropped by 26% between 2020 and 2024.
Brazilian researchers have identified a link between the oral bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum and head and neck cancer, finding that its presence is associated with a more favorable prognosis. The study suggests that F. nucleatum may regulate immune factors, boosting the immune system's response and making tumors less aggressive.
A new nutritional epigenetics study protocol aims to reduce lead and mercury exposures in pregnant women to prevent childhood autism and ADHD. The protocol provides a valid method for measuring changes in ultra-processed food intake and diet, which may impact child neurodevelopment.
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory will capture the entire night sky every few nights, producing 20 terabytes of raw data nightly. Australian astronomers will have early access to this data, enabling discoveries across timescales never before possible.
A new review paper explores six approaches to conserving water nationwide, including growing crops suited to local climates, using treated wastewater, and reducing food waste. The authors emphasize the need for a multi-faceted approach due to the inherent complications of each strategy.
Researchers from ASU and international collaborators tested a handheld DNA sequencing device at six chicken slaughterhouses in Indonesia. The study found signs of antibiotic-resistant bacteria spreading from wastewater into nearby rivers, highlighting the need for targeted solutions to reduce its spread.
Researchers at MD Anderson have made significant breakthroughs in cancer treatment, including improved outcomes for elderly patients with IDH-mutant AML who are not eligible for intensive chemotherapy. Additionally, new targeted therapies have been approved as frontline treatments, while pre-surgical radiation therapy may offer an alte...
A new study published in Frontiers in Nutrition found that a low-fat vegan diet significantly decreased dietary acid load, a key risk factor for diabetes. The diet was also associated with significant weight loss of 13.2 pounds in overweight adults.
Researchers have discovered a new noncoding RNA, lnc2300, that plays a protective role in ovarian granulosa cells but is downregulated under oxidative stress conditions. The study reveals that the transcription factor FoxO1 directly binds to the promoter of lnc2300 and suppresses its transcription, leading to increased cell apoptosis.
Researchers from Hunan University uncover buildup dynamics of harmonic mode-locking in fiber-based Mamyshev oscillators, achieving high stability and signal-to-noise ratio. The study identifies five distinct phases in the generation of stable harmonic mode-locking, challenging conventional understanding of laser emission.
A new silica aerogel has been developed for efficient carbon emission reduction, exhibiting high thermal resistance and gas adsorption capacity. The integration of amine and methyl groups in the aerogel is achieved through a facile and environmentally friendly self-catalyzed sol-gel reaction.
A new book written by an international team from Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Oxford argues that data-driven decision-making can improve healthcare outcomes. The authors explain how analytics can be used to optimize hospital operations, manage bed allocation, and improve treatment efficiency.
Microbial electrochemical sensors (MESs) exhibit linear correlation with standard BOD₅ and demonstrate validated long-term stability, allowing precise BOD quantification in saline wastewater. However, high salinity impairs sensor performance and requires adapted mechanisms to maintain functionality.
The Arc Institute has launched its inaugural Virtual Cell Challenge, a public competition using AI to solve one of biology's biggest challenges. Competitors will train models on gene expression data from over half a billion cells and predict changes in gene activity when individual genes are silenced.
Dr. Fong showcases advancements in liver surgery, gene therapy, and remote surgery, aiming to make exceptional cancer surgery accessible to everyone worldwide. He also highlights the potential of AI and wearables to improve patient outcomes and enhance surgical precision.
Experts say that focusing on weight loss alone for obesity may not provide sustained long-term results and can contribute to societal weight bias. A patient-centered approach prioritizing health over weight is recommended.
Current risk-based regulatory approaches to AI in healthcare fall short, ignoring individual patient preferences and potential for bias. Authors call for introduction of patient rights relating to AI-generated diagnosis or treatment planning to protect patients' autonomy and trust.
Home care cooperatives have identified key drivers of improved care quality, including worker input, motivation, selective hiring, and high-quality training. These findings have the potential to significantly improve care quality across the home care sector.
Electrons penetrate into water layers increasing capacity, enabling more efficient computer simulations and promising new materials
A new study reveals that SETD1B plays a critical role in supporting the growth of aggressive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, particularly in those with FLT3-ITD mutations. By targeting SETD1B, researchers believe it may be possible to develop more effective treatments.
Researchers at Rice University have conducted the first direct search for ultralight dark matter using a magnetically levitated particle. Despite high sensitivity, they did not find evidence of the anticipated signal, ruling out specific interactions between dark matter and ordinary matter.
Recent research reveals that adipose-derived stem cells from obese individuals do not fully recover their anti-inflammatory capacity even two to three years after significant weight loss. The study, published in Stem Cells International, used bariatric surgery as a model to investigate the impact of weight loss on these stem cells.
A new study found that gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) can directly relax constricted coronary arteries by blocking a key receptor. This discovery offers promising implications for preventing coronary spasms and angina. GLA's effects are comparable to omega-3 fatty acids, challenging previous beliefs.
Damage to the intestinal barrier is a key factor in IBD pathogenesis. The barrier maintains homeostasis by preventing harmful substances from entering systemic circulation. Emerging therapeutic strategies target oxidative stress modulation, microbiota restoration, and autophagy regulation.
A research team at Washington University in St. Louis used machine learning to analyze sleep data from pregnant participants and found that variability in sleep patterns can predict preterm birth. The study aims to provide accurate prediction of preterm birth, which is the primary cause of death among children under age 5.
Scientists at NUS demonstrate a perovskite-organic tandem solar cell with a certified world-record power conversion efficiency of 26.4%. The breakthrough is driven by a newly designed organic absorber that enhances near-infrared photon harvesting.
Researchers propose using argon-⁴⁰Ar as a cost-effective alternative to ⁴⁸Ca for synthesizing superheavy elements. The new method achieves comparable evaporation residue cross sections and requires significantly less beam energy.
Researchers at the University of Sydney have identified a new brain protein involved in Parkinson's disease and found that targeting it with a drug treatment improved motor function in experimental models. The study suggests that this approach could slow or stop the progression of Parkinson's disease in humans.
Research found that ADHD medication was associated with lower risks of self-harm, unintentional injury, and crime, but the magnitude of these associations decreased as prescription rates rose. The study highlights the need to regularly assess medication use in different patient populations.
A new study found that new psychoactive substances (NPS) are a significant concern in roadway crashes in California. NPS, also known as ‘designer drugs’, were detected in the blood of 17 patients, with most frequent being designer benzodiazepines and fentanyl analogs.
Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute have developed a new combination drug therapy that prolongs survival rates in preclinical mouse models and prevents brain metastasis. The treatment combines inhibiting the enzyme FAK with an inhibitor of RAF and MEK, components of the current standard-of-care regimen. Additionally, personalized ...
A team of researchers from the University of Sydney has developed a silicon chip that can control spin qubits at milli-kelvin temperatures, paving the way for scaling up quantum transistors from under 100 to millions. This breakthrough technology has the potential to make practical quantum computers a reality.
A study analyzing data from over 5,000 students found that participants' attitudes toward politicians and Black people were more strongly related to their attitudes toward the men than the women of each group. The research suggests that 'man' is often seen as the default for attitudes towards these groups, but this varies by region and...
A new study explores the connection between grip strength and psychosis, finding that impaired grip strength and well-being share common patterns of brain connectivity. The research provides a unifying brain circuit explanation for psychosis and identifies potential brain targets for new treatments.
A UK study analyzed over 30,000 crimes and found that the overall risk of crime increases after dark, but only for specific types such as burglary, robbery, and criminal damage. The risk varies by neighborhood, suggesting that darkness itself may be a contributing factor to crime.
A new study found that telomere shortening is not a shared characteristic of all progeroid syndromes, which cause individuals to display symptoms of aging far earlier than expected. The research suggests that the underlying biology of each syndrome plays a crucial role in determining whether telomere shortening occurs.
A new Center for Protein Design at the University of Copenhagen aims to create artificially designed proteins with tailored properties to tackle diseases, environmental issues, and industrial applications. The centre will drive fundamental research and translate basic findings into concrete solutions.
A new study reveals smaller islands in Wallacea are critical refuges for endangered mammals, with lower genetic diversity but fewer harmful mutations. Habitat quality on these islands is higher than on larger ones, emphasizing the importance of protecting them for long-term survival.