A new study led by the University of Melbourne found that shifting tectonic plates released carbon into the atmosphere, driving major transitions between ice ages and warm climates over the last 540 million years.
Researchers found viable spores of mycotoxigenic fungi, DNA fragments, and traces of toxins remained after gamma irradiation, highlighting the need for stricter testing and better safeguards in the cannabis industry. This is particularly concerning for immunocompromised individuals who may be at higher risk.
Steatotic liver disease can be precisely assessed using three-dimensional ultrafast vascular ultrasound. The technology visualizes subtle microvascular changes, enabling real-time monitoring of disease progression and therapeutic response.
Researchers found that hot spring bathing in Japanese macaques subtly reshapes their relationships with parasites and gut microbes. The study suggests that behavior can shape the animal holobiont and act as an important driver of animal health.
A new study finds that a widely used nitrification inhibitor can dramatically improve fertilizer efficiency and crop yields while sharply reducing nitrous oxide emissions. DMPP was consistently more effective than biochar at stabilizing nitrogen in calcareous soils.
The article reviews corrosion challenges in supercritical offshore CO2 pipelines, highlighting external and internal corrosion processes. The authors propose multiple impurity management, internal coatings, inhibitors, and external coatings as mitigation measures.
Researchers from HKUST have developed a mechanically interlocked molecule-based material for lithium metal batteries, showcasing exceptional room-temperature ionic conductivity and Li+ transference number. The material demonstrates high energy density, stability, and longevity in practical tests.
The consortium's return to the University of Michigan will enable researchers outside the project to access data-driven findings on global mental health. The move aims to improve the accuracy of survey results across diverse populations, providing a 'gold standard' instrument for policymakers.
A study led by Dr. Frédérik Saltré suggests that sterilizing 22% of adult females annually could stabilize the population at an estimated cost of $34 million over 25 years. This approach prioritizes both animal welfare and ecosystem health, offering a humane solution to the unsustainable koala numbers.
Researchers developed QSteed, a resource-virtualized and hardware-aware quantum compilation framework, to address challenges in real quantum computing processors. The framework reduces compilation times and improves circuit execution fidelities by leveraging a prebuilt VQPU database and hardware-aware compilation strategy.
The Scaling Hub South Asia is a multi-sector platform designed to accelerate proven agricultural, water, and energy innovations. It aims to strengthen regional food and water security for over 500 million people in South Asia.
Researchers have developed a new class of light-activatable drug candidates that could serve as a potential treatment for psoriasis. The approach targets the vitamin D receptor, which has been shown to have beneficial effects in psoriasis, but also poses risks due to its role in calcium metabolism.
A new study at York University found autistic adults who are right-handed demonstrate a reduced specialization of hand use and more distinctive movement patterns. Autistic participants used their right hand less often for grasping and followed highly unique, idiosyncratic paths.
A five-day DSI training workshop at ICRISAT strengthened technical and institutional capacity of 18 scientists from 12 countries across Asia and Africa. The program enabled participants to handle and analyze Digital Sequence Information, integrating genomic data into genebank databases.
Agricultural methane emissions in China have increased and then declined, but the growth rate has slowed due to policies targeting non-CO2 greenhouse gases. However, practical challenges remain, including conflicts between food security and emission reduction, inadequate monitoring systems, and insufficient economic incentives.
A UCalgary researcher has created an AI-based early detection system for river-borne pathogens, including whirling disease in trout and salmon. The model uses environmental variables like air temperature to predict pathogen distribution with impressive accuracy, even with limited data.
Researchers at NUS Medicine have found a critical driver of neural stem cell function during ageing, called DMTF1. Restoring DMTF1 expression can restore neural stem cell regeneration capabilities in aged brain cells.
A new study reveals AI is being used to recreate deceased people's voices, faces, and personalities without consent, raising questions about ownership, exploitation, and power. The study identifies three dominant ways AI brings back the dead, including spectral labor, where digital remains are extracted and monetized.
Researchers are tackling vibration risks in maglev trains by developing control strategies that incorporate robust control, adaptive algorithms and artificial intelligence. Matching the dynamic characteristics of vehicle, guideway and control system is crucial to suppress vibrations.
INSEAD has received a €15 million gift to advance its Human and Machine Intelligence Institute (HUMII), aiming to lead business education and research on human-centered AI. The institute will explore how human and machine intelligence complement each other, enhancing decision-making and performance.
The use of next-generation sequencing in newborn screening can detect a wide range of genetic disorders, some of which are not currently testable through traditional means. This approach enables earlier disease detection and long-term health planning.
The Frontiers Science House officially opened in Davos, bringing together scientists, policymakers, and industry leaders to address societal challenges through open science. The week-long program highlights the importance of openness, trust, and data sharing in accelerating technological innovation and solving global issues.
Researchers analyzed medical records of 1,269 elderly patients with advanced cancer to find that over 70% were prescribed potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), which declined closer to death. PIM discontinuation was more common among female patients, those with polypharmacy, and palliative care unit admissions.
Scientists have elucidated how legume plants and rhizobia recognize each other through flavonoids and NodD protein. The study found that the shape of the NodD binding pocket accommodates specific flavonoid molecules, explaining why rhizobial NodD is only activated by certain types of flavonoids.
McGill researchers found that freshwater browning is stunting some fish species' growth, shrinking others' populations, and altering fish communities. This phenomenon has broad impacts on biodiversity, affecting economically important fish species such as northern pike and walleye.
A fully biodegradable, self-powered implantable electrical stimulation system was developed to address the challenge of effective muscle regeneration. The device combines degradable materials and in situ electrical stimulation intervention, overcoming key limitations of conventional electrical stimulators.
Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics has transitioned to an open-access model, with all published content available on the new ARPHA website. The journal benefits from ARPHA's one-stop publishing solution, high-level integrations, semantic enhancements, and advanced metrics.
A team of researchers used Dungeons & Dragons as a testing ground for Large Language Models, evaluating their performance in long-term tasks. The models showed quirky behaviors but excelled in staying 'in character' and determining correct actions, with Claude 3.5 Haiku performing the best.
A partnership between University of Copenhagen and Danish Technical University aims to improve Europe's resilience and competitiveness by boosting innovation. The initiative seeks to develop the innovation ecosystem, drive urban development, and attract talent, companies, and investors.
A new open-science resource for studying sleep in children with autism has been launched, leveraging state-of-the-art wearable and nearable devices to gather unprecedented data. The Simons Sleep Project reveals that autistic children have greater difficulties falling asleep than their siblings, and this specific sleep problem is associ...
The companies will jointly develop ISM8969, a brain penetrant NLRP3 inhibitor for treating neuroinflammation-related diseases. Preclinical data shows the molecule's efficacy and favorable safety profile.
Dog owners experienced a decline in physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic but returned to pre-pandemic levels. Non-dog owners showed no significant changes. Before the pandemic, dog ownership was associated with high exercise self-efficacy, predicting greater physical activity.
A new dataset of mobile elements, MEGI, was published to aid in genomic island detection. The dataset, including insertion sequences, integrative and conjugative elements, transposons, and bacteriophages, increased recall by over 20% and accuracy rates by 3-4% when used with Centroid and SIGI-HMM methods.
A meta-study of 213 scientific studies found that climate change influences seasonal developmental processes, allowing populations to remain stable or increase in numbers. However, the study also identified maladaptation to climate change in some cases, with inconsistent effects on body measurements and population growth rates.
A recent study from the University of Eastern Finland and New York University establishes a direct link between axonal microgeometry and diffusion MRI signals. The discovery enables the detection, monitoring, and assessment of treatment response using dMRI in patients with various neurological disorders.
A new scientific review suggests Polygonum multiflorum, a traditional Chinese herb, may promote hair regeneration through multiple mechanisms. The herb blocks dihydrotestosterone, protects follicle cells, switches on regrowth signals, and improves blood flow to the scalp.
High-energy electrons can break down PFAS compounds through radiolysis, and an SRF photoinjector-based accelerator has shown feasibility in a recent study. The technology offers a compact solution for treating PFAS-contaminated water at potentially lower costs.
New research from The Simpson Centre reveals Canada's canola sector faces structural vulnerabilities due to reliance on China and the US for exports. Limited capacity to reallocate shipments to alternative destinations creates distinct risks across different segments of the canola value chain.
A new study examines how people react when a cyberattack targets critical infrastructure, using the 2021 Florida water treatment plant hack as a real-world case. The study finds that public reactions followed a structured emotional progression, from denial and humor to anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.
The researchers developed a technique to accurately measure energy transfer and conversion within the crystal lattice of germanium following ultrafast laser pulses. They observed how energy flows, transfers, and converts into heat, providing new insights for improving electronic device efficiency.
The conference will feature sessions on biochar innovation and real-world impact in materials science, environmental policy, and sustainable agriculture. The journal Biochar and Carbon Research are also being promoted.
A new measurement campaign, NAWDIC, aims to explore the dynamics of weather systems over the North Atlantic Ocean and improve climate models. The campaign uses advanced remote sensing instruments to document moisture transport rates and interactions between the atmosphere and ocean.
Researchers developed an AI-based system that accurately detects whip sounds in horse racing, achieving detection rates of up to 70% in audio data. The system's ability to process audio in real-time and its reliance on high-frequency components make it a promising tool for improving animal welfare and fair competition.
Researchers at UCO's LAECOVI study found a strong link between moral courage and prosocial defense behaviors in bullying situations. Moral courage is a cognitive-moral mechanism that influences bystanders' decision-making in bullying situations.
Researchers at TU Wien have developed a nano membrane with an extremely compact parallel-plate capacitor, achieving a new world record in measurement technology. The structure enables ultra-high-resolution atomic force microscopy with superior noise performance limited only by quantum physics.
The program aims to empower women to address pressing environmental challenges and deliver lasting global impact through education. The Orchard Foundation has gifted €1.5 million in funding over five years to support 30 scholarships.
The Class 2 CRISPR-Cas system allows for fast and accurate detection of animal pathogens, including RNA viruses like avian influenza and duck Tembusu virus. This technology offers several advantages over traditional PCR methods, such as shorter detection times, simplicity, and portability.
Research found that genetic mutations, age-related blood changes, smoking, and infection by oral bacteria increase the risk of stomach cancer. The study identified 47 significantly mutated genes in intestinal metaplasia cells, including a gene linked to poorer prognosis.
The ADVANCE-6G, TEST-6G, and INES projects have provided IMDEA Networks with robust experimental platforms to tackle the technological challenges of future networks. The Institute has strengthened its research capabilities in advanced 5G and future 6G networks.
A new analysis of 73 species reveals that most animals are changing their habits in response to warming, but surprisingly, many are thriving. The study found that most species shifted their timing in warmer years, yet maintained or even increased their numbers despite the climate crisis.
Researchers found that elevated gut inflammation detected by stool tests strongly predicted future disease flares in people with IBD. Higher meat consumption was linked to an increased risk of relapse in ulcerative colitis but not in Crohn's disease.
The Idaho National Laboratory is now accepting grants for STEM education and community development initiatives. The grants, funded by Battelle Energy Alliance, aim to strengthen Idaho's communities and future workforce through innovative projects and programs.
Researchers found that nearly half of geostationary satellite communications are not encrypted, putting sensitive data such as cellular texts, voice calls, and military information at risk. The study led to immediate action from companies like T-Mobile, Walmart, and KPU Telecom, which enabled encryption in response to the findings.
A cohort study of over 300 adults found that 58% of those diagnosed with mpox during the 2022 outbreak still experienced lingering physical effects, including appearance-related changes and anorectal or urinary problems. The study provides context on the enduring physical and psychosocial effects of mpox.
Scientists found that a planet's interior composition, specifically the 'softness' of its vortex base, determines the formation of polar vortices. The study suggests that Saturn may have a harder interior than Jupiter, leading to a single massive polar vortex, while Jupiter's softer interior gives rise to multiple smaller vortices.
A 56-million-year-old study found that global warming caused by CO2 emissions led to widespread forest fires and soil erosion. The research team discovered that even small changes in temperature can have significant impacts on ecosystems, leading to the release of more carbon into the atmosphere.
Researchers from New England Biolabs and Yale University have developed a first fully synthetic bacteriophage engineering system using the High-Complexity Golden Gate Assembly platform. This method simplifies strain engineering techniques, allowing for rapid creation of tailored therapeutic strains to overcome antibiotic resistance.
A new study reveals that socio-environmental mobilizations play a critical role in global biodiversity conservation by resisting environmental degradation. These local struggles often overlap with global conservation priorities, highlighting the need for policy shifts to recognize and support these movements.
Physicists used a quantum simulator to study the interaction of electrons in a material with a pseudogap state. They found that subtle magnetic patterns shape this mysterious phase of matter, which appears above the temperature at which it becomes superconducting.
Research reveals structural brain changes in older adults affect ability to shift between tasks and update environmental information. These changes may lead to deficits in behavioral adaptability, emphasizing the importance of identifying age-related brain structure changes.