Gray wolves in California predominantly eat cattle, followed by mule deer and small mammals, suggesting coexistence of wolves and humans may pose considerable challenges

Two studies found that California gray wolves primarily eat cattle, with 72% of scat samples containing cattle DNA. Elevated cortisol levels in cattle grazing near wolf packs also indicate chronic stress, affecting their physiology and potentially production rates.

The German wolf population boasts the world's highest survival rates of wolves, with young wolves reaching 75% annual survival probability. The expansion is attributed to suitable habitats and protection, leading to a median survival time of three years.

Research reveals that Alaska wolves consuming sea otters have unprecedented mercury levels, potentially driven by climate change and coastal ecosystem changes. The study, led by University of Calgary ecotoxicology expert Ben Barst, found higher mercury concentrations in wolves from Pleasant Island compared to mainland Alaskan wolves.

Gray wolf pups are born nearly helpless, but their mothers take risks to move them close to prey, such as elk, which is crucial for conservation efforts. The study's findings counter years of assumptions that migratory mammals can escape predation in spring due to immobile offspring.

Ravens use spatial memory and navigation to find food scattered over the landscape, visiting areas with a history of frequent wolf kills. They can remember the long-term 'resource landscape' created by wolves, allowing them to locate kills across tens or hundreds of kilometers

Researchers at the University of California, Davis found that feeding grazing beef cattle a seaweed supplement reduced their methane emissions by nearly 40% without affecting health or weight. The study provides a promising approach to make cattle farming more sustainable and play a role in fighting climate change.