Researchers studied SCSSM onset from 1997 to 2014, identifying normal, intermittent, and delayed onset types. Key factors in the normal onset type include positive SST gradients in the northern Indian Ocean and local SST warming in the SCS. The study found that zonal thermal contrast modulates monsoon onset in La Niña years.
The transitional climate zone in East Asia experiences significant changes due to global warming, including coastward migration and aridity. Models largely reproduce the TCZ shape, but uncertainty from climate models dominates over emission scenarios.
Climate model experiments suggest Northeast Asia has experienced abrupt summer warming, with significant changes in temperature extremes since the mid-1990s. Dr. DONG's team attributes these changes to natural variability and anthropogenic forcings, with reduced aerosol precursor emissions over Europe playing a crucial role.