Articles tagged with Algorithms
A team of researchers has created a high-resolution map of the Ophiuchus molecular cloud, identifying 75 dense cores and finding that their masses follow a log-normal distribution. This suggests that turbulence plays a significant role in shaping the evolution of the cloud.
A new way of implementing priority queues allows for performance improvement even with the addition of new cores. The algorithm uses a skip list data structure to make moving through the hierarchy more efficient, reducing collisions and achieving better scalability.
A new algorithm, TopicMapping, has been developed to improve the accuracy and reproducibility of big data text analysis. By using a network approach, the algorithm separates unstructured text into topics with high accuracy and reproducibility. The results show that existing algorithms, such as LDA, are not reliable for complex datasets.
Researchers at MIT developed an algorithm to optimize optimization algorithms, guaranteeing the best possible solution for complex engineering problems. By using a Gaussian smoothing technique, they generate a sequence of simpler problems that progressively add complexity, ensuring convergence to a global minimum.
Researchers at MIT develop an algorithm that allows household robots to recognize four times as many objects as traditional methods, reducing misidentifications. The new approach uses a representative sampling technique, sampling hypotheses across successive images, and evaluating them more efficiently.
A new algorithm allows for the efficient decomposition of 3D objects into pyramidal parts, minimizing material waste and saving print time. This breakthrough has significant implications for 3D printing, molding, and casting, enabling the creation of complex shapes with minimal support material.
A new system developed at MIT enables pattern-recognition systems to distill what they learn into simple examples, which humans can use to make better decisions. In experiments, human subjects using the system outperformed those using a similar algorithm by over 20 percent.
Researchers warn that social media datasets may be misleading due to built-in population biases and algorithmic changes. Scientists need to correct or acknowledge these biases to ensure accurate results.
Candès will be awarded the 2015 AMS-SIAM George David Birkhoff Prize for his groundbreaking work on compressed sensing, a mathematical technique that has revolutionized signal processing and medical imaging. His research has led to dramatic advances in data collection and analysis, with applications in MRI machines and digital cameras.
Research at Princeton University and New York University reveals multiple pathways for phase transitions, contradicting previous theories. The study suggests that phase changes involve point defects and disordered clusters, leading to a more nuanced understanding of matter's behavior.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new system, Chisel, that enables programmers to prioritize energy savings over computational accuracy in certain applications. The system uses a tool to help programmers evaluate the acceptable level of error and automatically assigns instructions to unreliable hardware components.
A research team at UMass Amherst aims to understand the complex interactions between content providers, ISPs, and CDNs, with the goal of improving online video streaming quality. The researchers plan to apply interdisciplinary techniques from control theory and network algorithmics to develop new architectures for better coordination.
Researchers found that people respond to surveys by selecting answer options with similar language, even when the similarities are subtle. The study highlights the importance of considering language patterns in survey design and analysis, potentially revealing unique attitudes among respondents.
The Gauss von Mises (GVM) distribution offers improved predictive capabilities for tracking infrequently-observed space objects. This new approach allows for more accurate prediction of satellite and debris locations, enabling better resource allocation and detection of potential collisions.
Researchers equipped a robot with a novel tactile sensor, allowing it to grasp and manipulate objects in unprecedented ways. The sensor uses optics and computer-vision algorithms to infer the three-dimensional structure of surfaces, giving the robot feedback in real-time.
MIT researchers developed an algorithm to gauge space debris rotation using visual information, achieving high accuracy in most measures. The algorithm's probabilistic approach and Gaussian distribution modeling enable efficient collection of space trash, including thousands of broken satellites.
Researchers at MIT developed an analytic framework that enables the analysis of GPS data on 150 million cab rides in New York City. They found that if passengers were willing to tolerate delays of five minutes or less, almost 95% of trips could have been shared.
A novel decision support system combines computer vision algorithms with visualization of relevant areas to aid in malaria diagnosis. The method was shown to be accurate comparable to World Health Organization quality criteria, with over 90% of infected samples correctly diagnosed.
A new algorithm developed by Hua-Wei Shen helps accurately allocate credit to researchers based on their contributions. The algorithm, which has been tested on 63 Nobel prize-winning papers, found that authors deserving of the most credit corresponded to the Nobel laureate in 81% of cases.
A self-organizing swarm of 1,024 robots creates complex shapes by following simple programmed rules, showcasing collective artificial intelligence. The Kilobots overcomes individual limitations through a smart algorithm, guaranteeing task completion and demonstrating the potential for large-scale robotics.
A new photo editing algorithm developed by Brown University computer scientists enables users to change weather, time of day, season and other features with simple, natural language commands. The algorithm uses machine learning to make subtle color and contrast changes across the entire photo.
Researchers at Disney Research Zurich have developed an algorithm that can optimize the mass distribution within objects to enable a stable spin around a desired axis, applicable to various shapes and materials. The approach has potential applications beyond customized designs for spinning toys.
A Disney Research team created an algorithm that automatically edits footage from multiple cameras, following established rules of cinematography and identifying the most interesting content. The resulting videos capture essential action and are often similar in spirit to those produced by professionals.
Researchers develop AI-powered system to score Wikipedia entries based on quality, outperforming human users. The algorithm uses Bayesian statistics and multivariate Gaussian distribution modeling to analyze content and rank articles accordingly.
Researchers confirm a mathematical theory first proposed by Alan Turing in 1952 can explain the formation of fingers, revealing how signaling molecules act as the Turing system. The study uses systems biology and computational modeling to validate the theory, with be confirming results observed in limb bud tissue experiments.
Researchers have developed a new method to detect multiple-source signals in real-time and three-dimensional space, improving localizing birdsong data. The study uses approximate maximum likelihood algorithms to determine the direction of arrival of birdsong sources, yielding more accurate results than conventional methods.
A new AI algorithm analyzes the Beatles' albums, demonstrating a progressive change in their musical style from one album to the next. The algorithm was also applied to other bands, such as Queen and U2, with notable results.
Mathematician Julius Barbanel and political scientist Steven Brams developed an algorithm to divide goods like cake and land between two people, ensuring equal pieces and no envy. The cut-and-choose method uses probability density functions to determine portions, making it efficient, equitable, and jealousy-free.
Researchers at MIT have created a drone lighting system that automatically assumes the right positions for photographic lighting effects. The system uses an autonomous helicopter to produce rim lighting, adjusting in real-time to capture delicate edge effects.
The Melbourne Shuffle algorithm hides data access patterns on cloud servers to provide higher privacy guarantees than encryption alone. By shuffling the location of data, users can prevent eavesdroppers from deducing sensitive information about their computations or programs.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed LiveLight, a video summarization technique that evaluates action in videos and ignores repetitive sequences. The method produces a miniature video trailer that enables viewers to quickly grasp the essence of an event or security footage.
Researchers from MIT developed an algorithm that allows distributed agents, such as robots, to collect data and analyze it independently. The algorithm outperformed a standard algorithm that works on aggregated data in experiments involving several different data sets.
A team of researchers has developed an algorithm that can determine whether a video is running forward or backward with 80% accuracy. The algorithm analyzes subtle visual cues and identifies regions of frames to make its judgments, potentially leading to more realistic graphics in gaming and film.
Researchers developed an algorithm that can transfer distinctive visual styles from acclaimed photographers to cellphone photos, improving close-up portraits. The technique uses a local transfer approach and multiscale matching to enhance image characteristics while minimizing errors.
A study including high-risk patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery found that using a cardiac-output guided intervention to improve hemodynamics did not reduce complications and risk of death after 30 days. However, an updated meta-analysis suggested a clinically important reduction in complication rates when the results we...
A new glasses-free 3D projector design uses multiperspective technology to provide a cheaper alternative to holographic video, improving resolution and contrast. The system can also enhance conventional 2D video with increased brightness and sharpness, making it an attractive transitional technology for content producers.
A new activity-recognition algorithm has been developed, enabling computers to efficiently search video for actions. The algorithm's execution time scales linearly with the size of the video file, and it can make good guesses about partially completed actions.
Researchers at MIT have developed a technique that allows them to track neural communication in the brain over time, offering a new window on brain function. The technique uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) along with a specialized molecular sensor to monitor dopamine levels in specific regions of the brain.
The article examines how backtesting can lead to overfitting, resulting in misleadingly good results that don't translate to real-world performance. Researchers argue that few companies and researchers conduct out-of-sample testing, leading to a lack of transparency in investment strategies.
A new algorithm developed by MIT researchers can aid robots in navigating unfamiliar buildings and understanding scenes. The algorithm identifies dominant orientations in 3D scenes, making it easier to re-identify landmarks and segment planes.
Researchers find that a wide range of lock-free algorithms offer performance guarantees comparable to wait-free algorithms, even with complex scheduler variations. This discovery simplifies multicore chip programming, as programmers often program under the assumption of benevolent schedulers.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new system that combines control programs to enable multiagent systems, such as teams of robots or networks of devices, to collaborate in unprecedented ways. The system takes into account uncertainty and automatically plans around it to guarantee optimal results.
NERSC recognized four award recipients for their exceptional impact on scientific understanding and society. Victor Ovchinnikov was awarded an Early Career Award for his work on computational modeling of conformational transitions in large biological molecules.
Researchers studied fruit fly behavior in wind tunnels, finding that they use a combination of smell and vision to locate food. When an attractive odor is present, flies begin to explore roundish objects with visual contrast, such as fruit or wine glasses, before landing on potential sources.
A new algorithm, developed by NYU researchers, resolves conflicts over divisible goods like cake or land in an envy-free way. The algorithm prioritizes self-identified preferences of parties, ensuring a fair division of resources.
Researchers found that human-designed RNA molecules performed better than computer-generated ones, with an average success rate of 99% compared to 95%. The EteRNA community's insights into RNA design are advancing the science and could lead to new treatments for diseases like HIV.
Researchers found that making movies with 'Oscar appeal' comes with both risks and rewards, including increased box office receipts but also a decrease in audience enjoyment. The study used data on nearly 3,000 Oscar-eligible films to build an algorithm predicting Oscar nominations based on film characteristics.
Researchers found that subjects' trust in human agents was strongly linked to their accuracy, whereas the value placed on computer algorithms depended on whether or not their predictions matched. The study's findings highlight the brain mechanisms underlying these kinds of evaluations and have implications for decision-making.
UCLA researchers Gabriel Rossman and Oliver Schilke analyzed 25 years of data on mainstream cinema to discover the logic behind Hollywood's decisions. They found that filmmakers who make movies with "Oscar appeal" (often mocked as "Oscar bait") face a risk-and-reward structure similar to lobbyists, with costly bids for potential awards.
Researchers at MIT developed a new algorithm that can dramatically reduce the number of operations needed to solve the max-flow problem, making it possible to tackle even huge networks. The algorithm divides each graph into clusters of well-connected nodes and focuses on bottlenecks, allowing for efficient routing.
Researchers developed an algorithm that subtly modifies facial features to make a face more memorable. The system uses machine learning to analyze subtle trends in facial features and applies these changes to produce a new image. In tests, the algorithm succeeded in making faces more or less memorable in around 75% of cases.
Researchers have demonstrated that powerful probabilistic reasoning algorithms can be implemented using chemical reactions, enabling the creation of intelligent machines at tiny scales. This breakthrough could lead to the development of 'smart drugs' that can automatically detect, diagnose, and treat diseases.
MIT researchers have developed an algorithm that can perform Fourier transforms using close to the theoretical minimum number of samples. This could significantly reduce the time it takes for medical devices like MRI machines to scan patients, or allow astronomers to take more detailed images of the universe.
Researchers create algorithm using group pictures to determine urban tribes, achieving 48% accuracy rate. The algorithm analyzes images as the sum of their parts and attributes to pick up social cues.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed an algorithm that uses group pictures to determine urban tribes, achieving 48% accuracy. The algorithm analyzes facial features, clothing, and other attributes in a 'parts and attributes' approach, with potential applications in search results, social networks, and public space surveillance.
Computer scientists at Princeton University have developed a method that allows researchers to identify quickly the connections between seemingly disparate groups in large collections of information. By using a mathematical method to calculate the likelihood of a pattern repeating throughout a subset of data, the tool can cut dramatica...
Janice Beitz, a Rutgers-Camden nursing professor, has developed an ostomy algorithm to guide nurses in proper assessment and management of ostomy patients. The algorithm provides a step-by-step pathway to selecting the best ostomy management option, enhancing patient safety.
A new image analysis and segmentation algorithm helps quantify grain sizes in Martian rock and soil images, revealing subtle trends with composition. The semi-automated algorithm provides better consistency across multiple images than human segmentation.
Researchers have developed an algorithmic approach to analyzing breast cancer screening data, enabling more precise detection of malignant tumors. The machine learning method reduces false positives and unnecessary interventions, improving patient outcomes.
A recent study by MIT economists provides justification for current rules in job-placement programs, which can accommodate married couples. The researchers found that a properly calibrated system can work well even with large job markets and specific constraints. In fact, data from the medical job market suggests that stable matching i...