Articles tagged with Computer Modeling
Digital twins are expanding rapidly, using real-time data to simulate and analyze systems before applying them in the real world. The study emphasizes the need for interoperable architectures, machine-readable metadata, and standardized trust frameworks to address challenges such as privacy, cybersecurity, and uncertainty.
Research Scientists Edward Vizy and Professor Kerry Cook analyzed a storm that caused catastrophic flooding in Central Texas. They found that warmer-than-average sea surface temperatures weakened the Great Plains low-level jet, resulting in weaker storms and less intense rainfall.
MIT researchers developed a framework that allows users to apply constraints to algorithmically generated structures, making them more buildable. The approach has the potential to reduce carbon emissions in construction by up to 90% by designing structures with multiple materials and taking into account materials' properties.
A scientific team has developed an AI-powered approach to solve a practical problem in materials science by locating missing atomic positions in otherwise known structures. By using an adapted open-source model called XtalPaint, researchers can reconstruct accurate crystal representations with a success rate of 97%.
A new AI model has revolutionized molecular simulations, enabling researchers to predict molecular behavior and identify promising drug candidates more quickly. By analyzing over 12,500 organic molecules, the model has demonstrated accuracy and consistency with physical laws.
Old Dominion University has launched a National Security Institute to accelerate research and technology solutions for pressing national security challenges. The institute will bring together researchers' strengths in AI, autonomy, and coastal systems to deliver innovative solutions.
Researchers at Emory University discovered a flaw in reinforcement learning used to guide sepsis treatment, which can result in either overtreatment or undertreatment. The team developed a simple workaround to avoid the flaw, leading to an 8-10% decrease in patient mortality.
Researchers found that diagnosis codes captured only about one-fourth of clinically documented self-harm history, highlighting a common gap in health systems. A new study used a novel machine learning method, PULSNAR, to estimate the probability of self-harm history present but missing from diagnosis codes.
Researchers from MIT and IBM create a state-of-the-art dataset called ChartNet, which includes over a million varied charts. The dataset is designed to teach vision-language models how to effectively interpret charts, enabling them to outperform commercial models on tasks like data extraction and chart summarization.
A digital 'super-brain' with physics-based knowledge significantly speeds up the design and development of optical components, such as those for quantum computers and camera lenses. By integrating physical principles into machine learning algorithms, researchers reduce simulation time from months to days.
A new quantum chemistry method predicts the behavior of molecules under light with lower computational cost, enabling the study of larger systems and complex reaction pathways. This breakthrough advances the discovery of next-generation materials and deepens understanding of molecular behavior under light.
Researchers found that people who are less precise in their decision-making can outperform those who are more rational in certain social situations. This is because 'sloppy' decisions can help individuals avoid the pitfalls of highly sensitive learners, who prioritize short-term gains over long-term benefits. In contrast, in other situ...
Researchers at Binghamton University developed a system that enables users to monitor real plants in real-time using virtual reality. This technology makes farming more accessible for older adults and people with disabilities, allowing them to observe plants without physically being present.
A new Frontiers in Science article explores how AI can accelerate scientific discovery in soil science by creating digital soil twins and trialing climate adaptation strategies. Researchers will discuss the potential of multi-agent AI systems to enable autonomous hypothesis generation, experimental design and data analysis during a fre...
A new study highlights the potential of AI tools in soil science, enabling researchers to better understand soil ecosystems and adapt to climate change. The system successfully generated hypotheses on how soils store carbon and what controls their storage limits, with outputs aligning with expert research.
A new approach enables computers and machines to capture images at higher resolution and faster speed, making it impervious to reflective surfaces. The technology uses a virtual screen created by repurposing the surroundings of specular objects.
A new AI system, Empirical Research Assistance (ERA), can automatically write scientific software programs that outperform human-written ones. ERA combines a large language model with search strategies to explore and refine thousands of pieces of code, reducing the time required for exploration from months to hours or days.
A Harvard-led study developed BRIDGE, a simulation technology that reinterprets traditional non-disabled basketball footage into realistic wheelchair basketball video representations. The system significantly improved how natural player postures appeared and made tactical intentions easier to understand.
New research from North Carolina State University predicts data center power demand will increase by up to 57% by 2030, leading to higher electricity costs and CO2 emissions. The study finds that regional price increases will vary depending on where new data centers are built.
Researchers applied topological methods to distinguish between genuine and fake abstract artworks. They found that the structure of the compositions corresponds with how people perceive them. The study proposes an intuitive mathematical 'golden rule' for structuring art.
Researchers developed genESOM, a generative AI that can expand dataset volume and simulate larger animal numbers while maintaining reliability. This allows for 30-50% reduction in animal experiments without compromising results.
Researchers developed RegVelo, an AI framework that models cellular dynamics and gene regulation to predict cellular fate decisions. The model traces developmental trajectories and simulates regulatory interactions, providing insights into hidden drivers of development and potential therapeutic targets.
A new study reveals that around two-thirds of the Amazon rainforest could shift into degraded ecosystems at 1.5-1.9°C of global warming due to increased deforestation. The study highlights the critical role of the Amazon in regulating moisture recycling and stabilizing the Earth system.
Researchers have developed a simplified mathematical model of learning in neural networks, shedding new light on how these systems produce their responses. The toy model, inspired by physics principles, captures key features of complex systems and offers insights into the surprising efficiency and stability of modern AI systems.
Researchers discovered that simple artificial intelligence tools can bypass security techniques meant to protect authentic content from use in deepfakes and facial identity theft. The study found that attackers can easily defeat existing image protection using off-the-shelf AI models and simple commands.
The new computational violin simulates the physics of string interaction with air, producing realistic sound. Luthiers can tweak parameters like wood type or body thickness before hearing the instrument's response.
Researchers identify mechanical stability as a crucial factor in antibody effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2. The study found that conventional antibodies distribute mechanical load unevenly and that viral mutations influence both binding affinity and mechanical resistance.
Simulations by a team of scientists show that unrestricted information sharing can lead to less accurate collective beliefs, particularly in socially homogenous settings. This phenomenon is driven by homophily and the amplification of erroneous ideas within groups.
Researchers developed a fleet of cooperative robots that, like ants, can spontaneously organize to build and dismantle structures without central control. They identified key parameters needed for excavation and building performance using simple local rules.
Researchers at the University of Cordoba developed MAPLID, a tool that maps city structures and pace based on how residents use their cell phones. The multi-label classification provides information on population density changes and traffic patterns.
AI models can analyze complex data to predict disease progression and identify early signs of kidney damage. This allows for earlier detection and better treatment planning, making a significant impact on patient outcomes.
A recent study from Lancaster University reveals that AI systems like ChatGPT can learn to mirror human impoliteness, potentially escalating into verbal violence. The research tested ChatGPT's ability to respond to real-life impolite interactions, finding it often produces more impolite behavior than humans.
Terrence Sejnowski receives Scientific Breakthrough Award for his foundational development of Boltzmann machines, providing the architectural bedrock for deep learning and generative AI. His work has had a profound impact on modern artificial intelligence and tools like ChatGPT.
Scientists at MIT have developed a new wave model called PlanetWaves that predicts how waves will behave on planetary bodies with different liquids, atmospheres, and gravity. The model reveals that gentle winds can create massive waves on Titan, while hurricane-force winds barely move the surface of lakes on exoplanet 55-Cancri e.
Researchers propose a novel brain architecture for efficient processing, integrating parallel cortical and subcortical pathways. This approach may improve decision-making tasks, suggesting current AI models are missing key brain function principles.
A study by Ebenbuild confirms strong predictive performance of patient-specific lung digital twins, validated against clinical imaging data. The model's accuracy was demonstrated through a correlation coefficient of 0.95 with experimental data, enabling locally resolved predictions of aerosol deposition at the individual patient level.
A new computational model developed by researchers at Chalmers University of Technology shows that onshore wind is likely to supply around 25% of global electricity by 2050 and solar reaching about 20%, aligning with the 2°C target. However, this falls short of what is required for a 1.5°C goal.
A new IIASA-led study offers a practical approach to evaluate the distributional implications of climate action, enabling policymakers to assess justice impacts of emissions pathways. The study found that many existing mitigation scenarios are consistent with justice principles, while few explore limits on energy or meat consumption.
MIT Sloan researchers demonstrate a new approach to designing social science experiments by applying integrative experiment design to a longstanding question about punishment in public goods games. The study reveals how punishment's effect on collective welfare can swing from substantially harmful to substantially helpful, depending on...
Scientists at the University of Virginia Health System have developed a suite of AI-powered tools, called YuelDesign, YuelPocket and YuelBond, to transform how new drugs are created. These tools can design drug molecules tailored to fit their protein targets exactly, even accounting for protein flexibility.
A new study by the University of Manchester has developed a way to measure the impact of urban traffic on city temperatures, revealing that everyday vehicle use can raise temperatures in cities. The researchers found that traffic heat increases simulated air temperatures by around 0.16°C during summer and 0.35°C in winter.
Researchers have discovered that lithium dendrites in batteries are unexpectedly strong and brittle, causing short circuits and safety risks. The findings suggest that future battery design must change to improve safety and reliability of high-energy storage systems.
The partnership aims to boost conservation impact by harnessing advanced digital technology and biobanking techniques, focusing on three core areas: knowledge transfer, innovation, and student engagement. This collaboration seeks to address pressing environmental challenges such as biodiversity threats and emerging pathogens.
A new study from Sultan Qaboos University demonstrates how AI can analyze Oman's Labour Law of 2023, revealing complex interdependencies between its articles. The research identifies influential 'hubs' within the law that may be triggered by changes, enabling policymakers to anticipate broader impact.
The University of Michigan's new solar particle forecasting technology has been integrated into NASA's Artemis II mission to provide situational awareness of impending harmful radiation released during solar flares and eruptions. The machine-learning model uses satellite images of the sun and corona to forecast solar particle storms up...
A team of researchers, led by Bistra Iordanova and Liang Zhan, are developing multiscale models of brain metabolism to predict cognitive decline and dementia. They will analyze data from brain imaging, blood flow, and neural activity to identify metabolic changes that affect brain function in aging.
Researchers have created a new AI model that can simulate molecules under extreme conditions, allowing for reliable discoveries in fields like drug development and sustainable chemistry. The model's stability opens up new opportunities for simulations in areas where long-term accuracy is essential.
Researchers developed an AI model to create highly photorealistic 3D reconstructions of ground-level damage after earthquakes. The LoRA-Enhanced Ground-view Generation diffusion model can recognize complex visual patterns and predict where structures may be damaged, even in densely populated urban areas.
A new model developed by MIT scientists suggests that the hydroxyl radical, a key air cleanser, may boost methane breakdown levels due to rising water vapor but also reduce them due to increased biogenic emissions, resulting in a small net gain in its effectiveness.
Researchers at Dartmouth College developed a mathematical framework to map students' conceptual knowledge from short multiple-choice quizzes, revealing peaks of mastery and valleys of struggle. The technique could enable personalized learning, AI tutoring systems, and more efficient feedback.
A new satellite-driven model, dEARTH, provides more realistic predictions of sand and dust storm (SDS) severity by accounting for dynamic changes in soil surfaces. The study found that SDS transport is sparse and discontinuous, reducing affected land area by 69% and global transport magnitude by 45%.
Researchers at the University at Albany and Rutgers University have developed an early-warning framework that can predict harmful social media interactions before they erupt. The model, called Comment Storm Severity (CSS), uses publicly available datasets from Reddit and Instagram to predict whether a thread will escalate into a toxic ...
Researchers have developed a robotic gripper called ChicGrasp, which can learn to handle chickens by imitating human movements. The system uses advanced imitation learning algorithm and camera perceptions to grasp a chicken carcass by the legs and lift it on a shackle conveyor.