Articles tagged with Computers
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A UPNA researcher has developed 3D reconstruction algorithms that are on par with the best available techniques, but can be executed more rapidly on a computer. These algorithms use stereoscopic vision to capture depth and can be implemented in real-time using standard graphics cards.
Researchers have developed a sophisticated tool to reconstruct protolanguages, the precursors of modern languages, with high accuracy. The system analyzes sound changes at the phonetic level and has been applied to 142,000 word forms from 637 Austronesian languages, producing results that are 85% accurate compared to manual reconstruct...
Researchers at Pitt/UPMC successfully used brain-computer interface (BCI) technology to enable a paralyzed man to control a computer cursor and robot arm with his thoughts. The study, published in PLoS ONE, demonstrates the potential for BCI technology to help individuals regain independence after spinal cord injuries.
A new study by Michigan State University found that US citizens spend nearly twice as much time on social networking sites (52 minutes/day) compared to Chinese participants (28 minutes/day). In contrast, Chinese participants rarely use these sites, with only 4% of them using them regularly.
Research published in PLOS ONE found that older adults spend less time fixating text and show lower brain activity when using e-readers compared to paper books. This is likely due to better text discrimination on backlit displays, benefiting older readers. No issues with comprehension were reported.
Researchers at North Carolina State University developed a flexible classroom design that slashes administrative costs while improving engagement and accessibility for students. The design allows instructors to adjust the layout according to student needs, making it easier for students with special needs to participate.
Rutgers physics professors have discovered a new type of order in an exotic uranium-based material, which may lead to enhanced computer displays and data storage systems. The 'hastatic' order could also enable the creation of more powerful superconducting magnets for medical imaging and high-speed transportation.
Researchers developed a system using depth-sensing cameras and algorithms to recognize hand gestures as commands for medical image manipulation. The system reduced false positives from 20.8% to 2.3% and achieved a mean accuracy of 93%, improving surgery efficiency and reducing infection risk.
Theodore Kim's invention of wavelet turbulence enabled faster and more easily art-directable simulation of large-scale fluid smoke effects, used in dozens of major motion pictures. The algorithm was first presented publicly in 2008 and quickly caught fire in the industry.
Scientists have created chemical modules that replicate complex interactions between plants, animals, and molecules, opening the door to more sophisticated molecular machines and computers. By using DNA and enzymes, researchers can now reproduce predator-prey interactions, mutually beneficial relationships, and competitive conditions.
Researchers are using a new approach to simulate supernovas and their remnants, shedding light on the physics of these events. The team hopes its models will help reveal details about the characteristics of supernova remnants, including those created during the explosion and those formed in interaction with surrounding medium.
Scientists at Berkeley Lab have identified a persistent error in computer simulations of molecular-scale motion, known as 'shadow work.' By accounting for this error, accurate calculations can be recovered. The research has implications for fields such as medical and biological research, new materials, and quantum mechanics.
Researchers found that therizinosaurs had well-developed sensory abilities, including smell, hearing, and balance, which may have affected their behavior as herbivores. The study used high-resolution CT scanning and 3D computer visualization to analyze the brain and inner ear anatomy of a 90-million-year-old therizinosaur fossil.
Researchers have developed a groundbreaking mind-controlled prosthetic hand that allows users to control it with remarkable accuracy and naturalism. The device has been tested in a clinical trial, achieving a success rate of up to 91.6% and demonstrating clinically significant improvement.
A computer-based design program, SketchUp, helps develop spatial and visual acuity in youth on the autism spectrum. It also improves relationships between grandparents and their grandkids, creating a more supportive environment. The technology provides common ground for grandparents to engage with others, sharing experiences and joys.
Researchers at UCSB's Four Eyes Lab have developed a new approach to augmented reality (AR) applications that uses real-time computer vision and crowdsourced user data to create more stable and realistic overlays. This technology, termed 'anywhere' AR, enables users to interact with virtual objects in their physical environment.
A recent study predicts a sharp spike in computer-related injuries among medical workers due to poor office layouts and improper use of computer devices. The most commonly reported repetitive strain injuries were neck, shoulder, and upper and lower back pain, affecting nearly half of the female doctors and over 40% of male doctors.
Researchers developed a technique for estimating grape composition and variety using computer imaging, identifying exact color and morphological characteristics. This new method can help vine-growers decide the best moment for picking grapes, while also providing automated quality control and inspection.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool developed a computer-based test to help heavy drinkers reduce their alcohol consumption by practicing restraint in response to images of alcoholic drinks. The study found that participants who learned to exercise self-control subsequently drank less beer than control groups.
A new computerized approach called model-based design and verification has the potential to radically change how complex machines are built. This technology translates mechanical systems into data that can be mixed and matched in sophisticated computer systems.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found that writing down thoughts and then disposing of the paper can reduce their influence on mental judgments. Participants who threw away the paper showed no difference in their attitudes towards positive or negative thoughts, suggesting that physical action influences thought use.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new algorithm called ReFIT that greatly improves the speed and accuracy of thought-controlled computer cursors. The system, which was tested on rhesus monkeys, can control the cursor with speeds approaching those of real arms, while previous systems saw decline in performance over time.
Researchers found that a little distraction can help drone operators stay engaged and perform better. Participants who were distracted 30% of the time scored almost as high as those who focused the majority of their attention on the simulation.
A new Northwestern University study reveals that even physically active women spend an average of nine hours a day sitting. The research suggests that incorporating light activity throughout the day can help mitigate negative health consequences associated with prolonged sitting.
Researchers from the University of Bonn have developed a new humanoid robot called NimbRo-OP, which is designed to facilitate research on humanoids. The robot's open-source design plan and source code aim to enable other researchers to use it as a basis for their work.
A sense of control over events reduces emotion-driven time distortions, regardless of individual's emotional state or illusion of control. Previous studies found that highly arousing images lead to time distortions, but this study shows that giving participants a feeling of control eliminates these effects.
A new guidebook provides a performance-based approach to police staffing and allocation, taking into account multiple factors such as crime rate, shift length, and community policing. The approach offers a more efficient way for agencies to determine the number of officers needed and deploy them effectively.
Grade 5 students who used electronics after bedtime were more likely to be overweight or obese. More sleep led to significantly more physical activity and better diet choices.
A study published in Current Biology found that fear can alter basic aspects of how we perceive the world around us. Researchers used an experiment to test the effect of fear on time-to-collision judgments, showing that participants tended to underestimate collision times for threatening objects.
A new analysis of computer-delivered and face-to-face interventions found that while both methods can curb college drinking for a little while, in-person encounters produce lasting results. Computer-delivered interventions had positive effects in the first few months but lost significance after 14 weeks.
The simulator analyzes reaction to different scenarios and optimizes resources. It also helps make real-time decisions and improve service functionality. Researchers created the model using real data from Parc Taulí Healthcare Corporation, adapting modelling techniques for high-performance computing.
A study published in Psychological Science found that individuals are happier when a self-benefiting option is imposed upon them, as it removes feelings of responsibility for the outcome. This is because having no choice eliminates the conflict between self and others.
A home-based computer software, ClockMe System, allows adults to screen themselves for early signs of dementia. The system scores the participant's clock-drawing test and records the duration and timing of the test, providing valuable insight into thought processes.
Researchers have uncovered a rare fossil called Kulindroplax, the missing link between two mollusc groups, and modelled it in a 3D computer animation. The study provides unprecedented detail, enabling scientists to understand the relationship between aplacophorans and chitons.
A recent study published in Psychological Science found that people tend to prefer the option they chose over the one they rejected, and this preference can last for years. The researchers used a vacation destination rating task to demonstrate this effect, which was only observed when participants made their own choices.
A Mayo Clinic study confirms the effectiveness of smartphone teleradiology applications in evaluating stroke patients in remote settings. The study shows high agreement (92-100%) among reviewers on critical radiological features, paving the way for telemedicine expansion.
The proposed algorithm generates feature sensitive non-uniformly distributed discrete sample points for underlying point sets. It uses a Gaussian sphere-based sampling scheme to simplify the point set surfaces, and then applies an adaptive re-sampling framework to generate the desired samples.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have developed a new type of screen display called Tilt Displays, which can physically tilt along multiple axes and move vertically. The device has received positive feedback from users, who found it easy to interact with and associate with new methods of presenting and consuming 3D content.
The University of New Hampshire will receive two new instruments, a DNA sequencer and a computer cluster, to advance its genome studies and space science research. The new equipment will enable researchers to study emerging diseases, environmental changes, and space weather with greater precision.
The low-cost scanner can be manufactured for £30-40 and produces an output power that is 10-100 times lower than conventional hospital ultrasounds. It aims to provide basic antenatal imaging to women in developing countries where such tests are not available, potentially saving hundreds of thousands of lives.
Researchers from Brown University developed a computer program that recognizes sketches as they're drawn in real time, with around 56-percent accuracy. The program uses a large database of sketches to teach a computer how humans sketch objects, enabling better sketch-based interface and search applications.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University are developing small, high-frequency radiation-enabled chips capable of producing images through packaging and clothing. These chips have the potential to provide sophisticated yet affordable security technology for everyday use, addressing concerns around cost and size.
Researchers developed an emotion detector using a genetic algorithm that recognizes six human emotions and neutral expression. The system analyzes upper and lower lip shapes to improve interaction between humans and computers.
Ontologies enable computers to transform information into knowledge by attaching meaning to data. This allows scientists to access and analyze large datasets more efficiently, facilitating breakthroughs in plant science and beyond.
Researchers developed an automated system using AI and image processing to rapidly examine large numbers of individual Caenorhabditis elegans, identifying genetic mutations that might not have been detected otherwise. The technique could change high-throughput genetic screening methods.
A study found that a computer-based screening program and resource list for partner violence did not significantly improve quality of life, general health, or reduce recurrence of partner violence among women. The results suggest that routine screening may not be beneficial in primary care settings.
Researchers at Disney Research developed a system to digitize facial hair and skin, capturing individual strands of facial hair and storing them separately from the human face. The system employs multi-view stereo (MVS) reconstruction to create 3D models of faces with various hairstyles.
Scientists from Disney Research have used simulations to study the elusive twinned rainbow, a rare optical phenomenon. The team found that the key to its occurrence lies in the combination of different-sized water drops falling from the sky, which produce slightly deformed rainbows.
A team of researchers from Disney Research developed simplified equations for governing the behavior of light, leading to practical improvements in 3D photorealistic rendering techniques. This allows for faster and more accurate simulation of physical lighting in virtual environments.
Researchers at Disney Research have created a technology called Botanicus Interactus, which enables plants to control digital devices with touch detection. This technology uses Swept Frequency Capacitive Sensing and machine-learning algorithms to recognize frequency changes associated with touches on the plant.
Researchers have created virtual humans that can mimic symptoms of psychological disorders, allowing for realistic interactions with therapists. The technology is being developed to improve clinical training and provide a safe and effective environment for novice clinicians to gain exposure to various clinical conditions.
Georgia Tech researchers have created a new way to simulate and control movement of computer-generated characters without a skeletal structure. This technique allows for unparalleled control of digital creatures, enabling amateur animators and young children to manipulate their movements with simple point-and-click commands.
A team of researchers has developed a machine learning approach to analyze millions of tweets on Twitter for signs of bullying. The computer can identify bullies, victims, accusers, defenders, and reporters, and even analyze the emotions behind the messages. This new method could provide valuable insights into bullying issues and help ...
Research in the FASEB Journal suggests that sneezing is a biological response to the nose's 'blue screen of death', and patients with sinusitis may sneeze more frequently due to inefficient clearance of mucus. This understanding could aid in the development of new treatments for chronic sinusitis.
Researchers identified a radio-quiet, very young pulsar J1838-0537 that experienced the strongest rotation glitch ever observed for a gamma-ray-only pulsar. The glitch resulted in a 38 millionths of a Hertz faster rotation rate.
Researchers found that people perform worse when trying to do two visual tasks at once, yet rate their performance higher. Eye-tracking technology showed that people's gaze moved around more and spent less time fixated on any one task. The study suggests teaching media literacy to young people before they start driving.
A recent study by Clemson University psychologist Richard Pak found that humanizing computer aids can significantly alter perceptions of their reliability, leading to increased trust and dependence among adults. The design of decision-support aids on consumer devices plays a crucial role in shaping user behavior.
A new study by Rajesh Bagchi and Amar Cheema found that a red background color induces aggression in online auctions, leading to higher bids. Conversely, a blue background reduces willingness to pay when negotiating directly with a seller.
Researchers from Imperial College London have developed a low-cost, 3D eye-tracking device that can track users' eye movements and allow them to control a cursor on a screen. The device has been shown to be effective in enabling people with disabilities to interact with computers and their surroundings using just their eyes.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new logic circuit family based on magnetic semiconductor devices, which could result in computers 1 million times more power-efficient. The spin-logic circuits utilize the quantum physics phenomenon of spin to perform Boolean logic and can be cascaded to develop sophisticated func...