Articles tagged with Computers
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new mobile app is being developed to safeguard users of cryptocurrency by detecting vulnerabilities in popular 'wallet' applications used to manage Bitcoin. The app, called the Bitcoin Security Rectifier, monitors for signs of intrusions and alerts users when an attack is happening, providing remedies based on the type of attack.
A new approach to solving multiagent decision making problems using agent-by-agent optimization leads to reduced computational complexity, performing at par with standard rollout algorithms. The result is a dramatic reduction in computation cost with linear growth in computation with the number of agents.
Researchers have developed a cloud-based platform called ZeroCostDL4Mic that uses artificial intelligence to analyze microscopy images, improving image quality and detecting features such as tumors in biopsy samples. The platform is freely available online and requires no coding expertise, making it accessible to non-experts.
The EU is funding a research project led by Saarland University's Jan Reineke to develop safer and more secure computer systems. The goal is to redefine the interface between software and hardware, making it both efficient and secure for critical areas like airbag controls and energy supply.
Researchers aim to develop a human-centered platform that motivates patients with mild cognitive impairment to stick to a therapeutic regimen of mobile game-playing. Neuro-World games have shown promise in improving cognitive function and predicting expected improvement in patients with MCI.
University of Groningen researchers used artificial intelligence to analyze the Dead Sea Scrolls, identifying two scribes who wrote the famous Great Isaiah Scroll. The AI tool separated text from background and analyzed handwriting patterns, revealing differences between the two scribes.
Researchers have created low-cost, next-generation screening tools for 'lazy eye' in children using computer gaming technology. The devices use webcams or virtual reality headsets to detect visual targets and analyze video streams.
Researchers propose using electron holes as a solution to operational speed/coherence trade-off in quantum computing. Theoretical studies predict holes can be used to create robust quantum bits with optimal operation points for ultrafast and highly coherent performance.
Researchers at Brown University have successfully demonstrated the use of an intracortical wireless BCI system in clinical trial participants with tetraplegia. The system enables users to point, click and type on a tablet computer with high accuracy and fidelity, opening up new possibilities for people with paralysis.
A single qubit on a standard silicon transistor chip has been successfully demonstrated as 'quantum capable' in a new study. The researchers were able to isolate and measure the quantum state of a single electron in a silicon transistor manufactured using existing manufacturing processes.
A machine learning study of rock art in Arnhem Land, Australia, has reconstructed the chronology of artistic styles using over 14 million images. The analysis revealed a link between style similarity and time, showing that styles closer in age were also more similar in appearance.
A new study suggests that people who report no stress experience better daily well-being and fewer chronic health conditions. However, they also perform lower on cognitive function tests and are less likely to engage in social activities.
Researchers at Tohoku University have developed a nanosecond operation technology for the spintronics-based probabilistic bit, enabling faster computation speeds and accuracy. The device, with an in-plane magnetic easy axis, achieves 100 times faster relaxation times than previous records.
Researchers at Osaka City University have developed a new quantum algorithm, BxB, which calculates energy differences directly to predict electronic states of atoms and molecules with chemical precision. The algorithm achieves this with half the number of qubits required by the existing Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE) method.
Researchers at Florida State University developed a method to automatically infer parameters used in quantum Boltzmann machines, which can be applied to train artificial neural networks for tasks like image recognition and drug discovery.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have identified a new material that can switch between a window and a mirror in a quadrillionth of a second, paving the way for faster computing. The material, Ta2NiSe5, exhibits ultra-fast switching capabilities, surpassing current computer speed.
The new technology minimizes hardware limitations, enabling continued increases in computing speed and scale. Toshiba expects the new scale-out approach to bring significant benefits to financial transactions and robotics industries.
A new deep-learning algorithm, CARRL, is designed to help machines build a healthy skepticism of their measurements and inputs. By combining reinforcement-learning algorithms with deep neural networks, researchers created an approach that outperformed standard machine-learning techniques in scenarios with uncertain and adversarial inputs.
Wild greater mouse-eared bats use extremely weak prey echoes that are like whispers to humans, allowing them to focus on their next meal. The bats control the strength of their returning echoes by calling louder or weaker, using this strategy to simplify their information and process.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new type of control system that allows soft-bodied robots to turn rigid on demand. This advancement could enable robots to combine the strength and precision of rigid robots with the fluidity and safety of soft ones, leading to improved performance in various tasks such as caring for human patients.
A recent study published in Information & Management found that human analysis can effectively identify fake online reviews by leveraging linguistic characteristics. Researchers asked participants to distinguish between authentic and fake hotel reviews, with surprisingly effective outcomes.
Researchers from Ruhr-University Bochum found that computerised training can reduce PTSD symptoms by helping patients reappraise trauma memories. Patients who underwent the 'Cognitive Bias Modification-Appraisal' training showed fewer trauma-relevant symptoms and lower stress hormone levels compared to those in a control group.
The study analyzed subtitles of 2,000 films from the past seven decades to find consistent biases in Bollywood and Hollywood movies. Bollywood films consistently depicted fair skin as a beauty standard, while male characters made up about 60-65% of all pronouns used.
A new study from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign found that the incidence of prolonged hiring difficulties for STEM workers in the IT help desk sector is modest, with only 11%-15% of vacancies showing signs of persistent hiring frictions. The researchers identified organizational characteristics, management strategy, and...
Scientists used theoretical calculations to predict electronic states in topological insulators excited with laser beams, generating Dirac states that can act as if massless. This discovery may pave the way for new computers systems that waste less energy.
Researchers at the University of Sussex have created the tiniest microchips using graphene and other 2D materials through a process called 'nano-origami'. By crinkling graphene, they demonstrated that it can behave like a transistor, leading to smaller and faster devices.
A study of 19,732 participants found that using fillers dissimilar to the suspect increased correct identification without wrongly identifying innocents. This method may improve lineup accuracy and reduce wrongful convictions.
A mathematician from RUDN University developed a stable difference scheme to solve inverse problems in elliptic-telegraph and differential equations. The scheme was tested both analytically and numerically, demonstrating absolute stability and independence from calculation step size.
AI researchers have developed a method to train neural networks to predict the function of DNA sequences, allowing for deciphering larger patterns. This breakthrough enables analysis of complex DNA sequences critical to development and disease, potentially improving understanding of gene regulation and its impact on diseases.
The Ramanujan Machine generates mathematical conjectures without proof, imitating Ramanujan's intuition using AI and computer automation. It has already produced known formulas for pi, Euler's number, and other constants, as well as several unknown conjectures.
Researchers at Tufts University have created flexible thread-based sensors that can measure movement of the neck, providing data on direction, angle of rotation, and degree of displacement. The technology has potential implications for tracking health and performance, with applications in athletic performance, worker fatigue, physical ...
Researchers have discovered a method to produce silicon at room temperature using electrical currents instead of extreme heat, which could slash energy use and cost in the industry. This technique replaces thermochemical processes with electrochemical processes, converting clean electricity into chemical energy.
Researchers in Arizona State University's Biodesign Center explore how evolutionary computation simulates nature's evolution principles, enabling machines to find novel solutions to complex problems. The study highlights six hallmarks of Darwinian evolution and demonstrates progress in applying these features to AI and engineering design.
Scientists are using AI to identify insects at supernatural speed, opening up new possibilities for discovering unknown species and tracking their life across space and time. Insects have diverse life histories and roles in ecosystems, making manual observation and counting a time-consuming process.
A Sandia Labs research team used machine learning to complete materials science calculations 42,000 times faster than normal, accelerating the creation of new technologies for optics, aerospace, and energy storage.
A new device developed by UC Berkeley engineers can recognize 21 individual hand gestures, including a thumbs-up, for controlling prosthetics or interacting with electronic devices. The system uses advanced AI and wearable biosensors to maintain user privacy and improve human-computer interaction.
Researchers at Chalmers University successfully execute QAOA algorithm on 2-qubit quantum computer to solve aircraft route assignment problem, demonstrating potential for practical applications. The algorithm's scalability suggests it could handle larger problems, paving the way for a useful quantum computer.
A new AI model has shown promise in generating faster and more accurate weather forecasts by analyzing past weather patterns. The model uses about 7,000 times less computing power than traditional forecasting models while still simulating a year's weather around the globe.
The electronic amoeba, an analog computer inspired by a single-celled organism, has been developed to find approximate solutions to the traveling salesman problem in linear time. The device uses resistance values to represent constraints and requests, allowing for efficient and dynamic optimization.
Researchers at MIT have found a way to overcome oxide trapping issues, allowing InGaAs transistors to compete with silicon technology. The alloy's electron transport properties enable faster calculations and improved energy efficiency.
A new approach to neuromorphic computing has been demonstrated using micrometer-sized wafers, enabling fast and energy-efficient pattern recognition. The HZDR team's component exploits spin waves to process information without moving electrons, promising applications in AI-powered smartphones and traffic optimization.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen find that computer algorithms cannot optimize packing of objects in two dimensions without overlap beyond four or five items. The study's findings have significant implications for industries such as clothing manufacturing and metal processing, where efficient material cutting is crucial.
Scientists track animal activity levels using new satellite technology, providing insights into their responses to environmental changes. The study's findings open up new research opportunities for understanding climate change impacts on marine species.
Mathematicians from RUDN University developed new symbolic integration functionality for the Sage system, building on 19th-century ideas by Karl Weierstrass. The team confirmed that Weierstrass's theory can determine whether an integral can be calculated in elementary functions.
Researchers found that people who move their mouse towards a safe option may be more risk-averse than they appear, while those who veer towards a risky option may be more open to risk. The study used mouse tracking to analyze participants' decision-making and found accurate predictions of future behavior.
A new study from Children's Hospital Los Angeles shows that machine learning can accurately identify patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) using subtle facial features. The research uses facial morphology to detect differences in CAH patients and correctly identifies them with greater than 90% accuracy.
Researchers at the University of Illinois developed a new method that combines machine learning and physics to simulate turbulent flow, allowing for more accurate predictions in aerospace engineering. This method has the potential to improve design efficiency and reduce costs in industries such as air travel and spacecraft development.
Stony Brook University has installed a new supercomputer, Ookami, powered by the HPE Apollo 80 system and Fujitsu A64FX processor, offering a balance of high performance and power efficiency. The system is supported by Bright Cluster Manager software and will be available for researchers nationwide to test new computing technologies.
Researchers discovered a two-layer buckled honeycomb structure of blue phosphorene with extremely stable metallic properties, promising applications in nano- and optoelectronics.
Kevin Moran and collaborators study automated bug report quality and chatbot design for effective bug-reporting. The project aims to improve computer systems' reliability through better bug-reporting processes.
A new AI-based method has been developed to detect small, imperceptibly tiny earthquakes that occur on the same faults as bigger earthquakes. This technology could provide insights into how earthquakes interact and spread out along the fault, allowing for a clearer view of earthquake patterns.
Researchers at UCF are working with Adobe to develop personalized reading formats that enhance reading speed and comprehension. Early studies have shown a 25% increase in reading acceleration using Liquid Mode technology.
Computer scientists at Saarland University have developed a method to produce special textiles with electronic properties through a dyeing process. This allows for the creation of e-textiles that can be integrated into IT devices without affecting their original properties.
Watching high-quality nature programs on TV can uplift moods and reduce negative emotions, while experiencing virtual reality nature can lead to increased positive feelings and a stronger connection to the natural world. The study found that interactive VR experiences had the most significant benefits.
Researchers at Aalto University conducted the first empirical study on mobile app design, finding that larger and brighter elements don't catch users' eyes. Instead, text elements and specific locations like the top-left corner tend to draw attention.
Researchers have found that EEG-based BCI speller output can be easily manipulated by tiny adversarial noise, exposing a critical security concern. This manipulation can lead to user frustration or severe misdiagnosis in clinical applications.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have developed an AI tool that can efficiently recognize neurons in microscope images, significantly improving the accuracy of automated tracing and analysis. This breakthrough aims to untangle the mysteries of brain connectivity and enable humans to think about how brains work.
Researchers at Osaka City University have developed a quantum algorithm that removes pesky spin contaminants from chemical calculations on quantum computers. This breakthrough enables precise and accurate predictions of atomic and molecular behavior, which is crucial for applications such as pharmaceuticals and materials research.
A team of researchers at UC Berkeley has created the last tool in the toolbox for building working carbon circuits, a metallic wire made entirely of carbon. This breakthrough enables the creation of more efficient carbon-based transistors and ultimately, computers that can switch many times faster and use less power.
Researchers found that meditation training significantly improved brain-computer interface (BCI) control and proficiency in just eight lessons. Brain activity patterns correlated directly with success, with meditation-trained individuals showing enhanced alpha rhythm modulation.