Articles tagged with Computers
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a new processor architecture, STATICA, that can efficiently solve combinatorial optimization problems. The proposed system is fully connected and considers all spin-to-spin interactions, enabling parallel updating using stochastic cell automata, which reduces calculation time.
Researchers warn that relying solely on facial expressions to detect emotions can lead to incorrect conclusions and potentially harm individuals. Facial color, body posture, and context are also crucial in accurately detecting emotions.
A team of UCF researchers has created a nanoscale device that mimics the neural pathways of brain cells used for human vision. The innovation combines two promising materials to enable robots to process and memorize information, reducing processing time and energy consumption.
Researchers created a digital amplifier model using a deep neural network that can accurately simulate the sound of various guitar amplifiers, including popular brands like Marshall and Orange. The study uses black-box modelling to replicate the observed input-output mapping of analogue circuitry.
A study published by Ohio State University found that people enjoy seeing bad guys get punished more than being forgiven, but appreciate forgiveness stories as the most meaningful. The researchers discovered that readers take less time to respond to narratives with equitable retribution than those with under- or over-retribution.
Scientists have created a high-speed camera for the quantum world, enabling the precise tracking of electron movements at a resolution of a few hundred attoseconds. This microscope can be used to analyze processes in tiny electronic components and molecules, providing valuable insights for developing faster and more efficient electronics.
University of Illinois researchers develop a new tire design that prioritizes puncture-free strength while maintaining elasticity for a shock-free ride. The study uses computer optimization to create unique structural patterns in the shear layer, ensuring the material can withstand pressure without failing.
The CHEOPS space telescope has successfully opened its cover following a series of tests, enabling further activities including star and planet imaging. The first images are expected to be published within one or two weeks, allowing the team to assess the instrument's abilities.
Biology student Jenny Yi-Ti Sung studies how Beijing operas convey details about motivation and character through colorful masks. Her research reveals recurring archetypes and facial features, similar to those found in jumping spiders, which use pattern and color to communicate species, sex, and romantic intentions.
David Mandrus, a UT professor and Oak Ridge National Laboratory researcher, has received a five-year $1.7 million award to pursue research on quantum materials and their unique properties. The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation acknowledges Mandrus's significant contributions to the field of materials science.
New research uses physiological cues, specifically heart rate analysis, to discern between natural humans and computer-generated faces. By extracting pulse-rate signals from video sequences, the authors can classify input faces as either CG or NAT.
A recent study published in the Journal of New Music Research reveals that people's dance styles are almost always the same, regardless of music genre. The researchers used motion capture technology to analyze participants' movements and found that computers could identify individuals with an astonishing 94% accuracy.
Researchers at Aarhus University used AlphaZero to control a quantum system, demonstrating its applicability to three different problems. The algorithm learned to exploit an underlying symmetry of the problem, surprising the team with its ability.
Scientists created artificial organisms by combining contractile and passive tissues, achieving high-performing candidates that matched predicted behaviors. The developed method can be applied to designing living machines for various applications.
A new open-source software framework simulates genetic diversity in tumour samples and evaluates the accuracy of computer prediction algorithms. The tool provides a benchmarking approach for clinicians to make informed decisions about treatment options, helping them match patients with personalized medicines more effectively.
Kun Sun and Sushil Jajodia's Center for Secure Information Systems (CSIS) at George Mason University received a $50,000 grant to develop a security analysis toolset. The project aims to provide abuse prevention and malware detection solutions for high-performance computers.
Researchers at Duke University developed a new method to identify objects using microwaves that improves accuracy while reducing computing time and power requirements. The system uses machine-learning approach to jointly determine optimal hardware settings, cutting out the need for image analysis by humans.
A recent OSU study assesses virtual reality movements' effects on muscle strain and discomfort, focusing on neck and shoulder movements. The study recommends placing objects closer to the body and at eye level to minimize user discomfort.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a quantum chemistry simulation benchmark to evaluate the performance of quantum devices. The benchmark characterizes the 'mixed state' of how the environment and machine interact, providing insight into systematic error mitigation in current quantum hardware. This work aims to...
Researchers used high-speed cameras and computer algorithms to analyze the movements of larval zebrafish, identifying three distinct components of their prey capture behavior: orientation, approach, and capture. The study provides new insights into how the brain generates complex behaviors.
SHAPEIT4 is a powerful computer tool that allows researchers to quickly identify haplotypes in hundreds of thousands of unrelated individuals. This enables the analysis of complex traits and disease risk with unprecedented accuracy.
A study by the University of Plymouth found inconsistent and misleading advice from popular password meters, potentially putting users at risk. The research tested 16 password meters and found that some would not flag weak passwords, such as 'abc123' or 'qwertyuiop', despite being among the worst passwords of 2019.
Researchers are creating a machine translation program for web browsers like Mozilla Firefox, focusing on improving translation quality and ensuring user privacy. The project involves adapting the engine to context, recognizing nuances in language style, and estimating translation quality.
Scientists from Skoltech ADASE lab have developed a method to enhance depth map resolution, enabling more realistic virtual reality and computer graphics. The new approach leverages human perception to assess reconstruction quality, outperforming existing methods in visual quality.
Researchers at the University of Waterloo have developed a battery-free device called Tip-Tap that allows users to navigate computers using only their fingertips. The device uses radio frequency identification tags and can be integrated into gloves or attached directly to the skin as a temporary tattoo.
A study by researchers at the University of Montreal found that adolescents who spent more time on social media, television, and computers experienced increased anxiety symptoms. Decreasing screen time was linked to reduced anxiety. The study suggests limiting screen time may be a way to help teens manage anxiety.
Researchers at the University of Münster have discovered a way to suppress nonlinear damping in spin waves, allowing for efficient generation and control of spin waves in magnetic nano-devices. This breakthrough could lead to significant advancements in magnonics and spintronics.
Researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology have completed the first census of Wikipedia's 1,601 bots, shedding light on their functions and interactions with human users. The study found that bots play nine core roles, including fixers, connectors, and protectors, which together account for about 10% of all activity on the site.
Google's Relightables system allows users to record someone then view them from any viewpoint and lighting condition, removing the need for a green screen. The system captures reflectance information on a person and records while they are moving freely within the volume, enabling relighting in arbitrary environments.
Levis & Elder are developing conceptual models to investigate the degree of deterrence and explore the impact of mutual understanding among actors. They aim to refine experimental design and analyze sensitivity to model inputs in computational experiments.
Computer scientists at the University of Leeds are developing a robotic autonomy system that combines automated planning with reinforcement learning. The robot learns to plan sequences of moves to reach objects in cluttered spaces, generalizing its abilities to new tasks.
The Utah Bionic Leg, developed by the University of Utah, enables amputees to walk with more power and better balance. The prosthetic limb features sensors, motors, a computer processor, and artificial intelligence that work together to provide assistance during walking and other activities.
Physicists demonstrate electrically readable antiferromagnetic materials for ultra-fast logic applications. Antiferromagnets show superior properties over ferromagnets.
Researchers used 53 entangled qubits to solve a complex problem that would take 10,000 years on a classical supercomputer. The feat showcases the power of quantum computing and has significant implications for cryptography, machine learning, and materials science.
Research analyzed over 275,000 restaurant reviews to find differences in reader perception based on the platform where reviews were generated. Mobile reviews were associated with lower likes and consumption value compared to laptop or desktop reviews.
A new method enables automatic replication of detailed 3D shapes in a digital environment, overcoming the challenge of replicating cube-style shapes. The algorithm captures realistic cubic style and allows users to create new shapes resembling the input shape.
Artificial skin creates first ticklish devices by mimicking human skin's sensing resolution and detecting gestures like tickling, caressing and twisting. The Skin-On interface enables devices to 'feel' user interactions, conveying expressive messages through touch gestures.
The Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg will coordinate an European Training Network for doctoral students to develop a digital twin for highly flexible structures in industrial applications. The network aims to create a computational model of the system's behavior, allowing for simulations and predictions during development.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology developed Ensemble of Diverse Mappings (EDM) to improve quantum computer reliability. By combining output probability distributions of diverse ensemble, EDM amplifies correct answer by suppressing incorrect ones.
Computer simulations reveal that certain metal complexes can exhibit rapid spin-flip processes, making them useful for precise control of electron spins in quantum computers. The study used enormous computational power to model the behavior of rhenium complex and found a spin-flip process taking place within ten femtoseconds.
A new algorithm, DJ-MC, uses sequence modeling and Monte Carlo search to create personalized music playlists that change according to each individual's shifts in emotion. The program adapts to the listener's mood, considering not only which songs they will enjoy but also the order in which they are played.
A new study suggests that thinking of sadness as a person can help people regulate their emotions and make better purchasing decisions. Participants who wrote about sadness as a separate entity reported lower levels of sadness and made healthier choices, such as selecting a salad over cheesecake.
A new cryptocurrency system, Byzantine Reliable Broadcast, achieves safe and secure transactions with virtually zero energy cost. This paradigm shift is made possible by assuming all players are honest until proven guilty, eliminating the need for complex consensus tasks.
A new method uses neutron beams to establish facts about warheads, physically encrypting information to prevent disclosure of military secrets. The system balances verification with secrecy for countries involved in arms reduction pacts.
Scientists developed computational models of word meanings and tested them against real-time brain activity in volunteers, revealing how the brain combines words to make sense in context. The study shows how word constraints directly affect meaning interpretation, highlighting the neural mechanisms behind spoken language understanding.
A new algorithm developed by MIT student Trevor Henderson seamlessly blends different audio signals in real-time, recreating the portamento effect. The algorithm uses optimal transport to map pitches from one signal to another, producing a smooth transition without volume fading.
Researchers demonstrate a method of transferring the state of electrons, a crucial step towards creating effective quantum computers. This achievement brings scientists one step closer to unlocking the full potential of quantum computing.
Researchers found that digital computers struggle to replicate the behavior of chaotic dynamical systems, even with vast numbers of available single-precision floating-point numbers. This limitation can lead to errors in simulations, affecting fields like climate change, physics, and chemistry.
The study demonstrates the evolution of associative learning in an artificial organism without a brain, allowing it to navigate complex environments and adapt to changing signals. This breakthrough has huge implications for developing robots that can learn from experiences as effectively as humans do.
Researchers have developed a wearable brain-machine interface that can wirelessly control an electric wheelchair, interact with a computer, or operate a small robotic vehicle without the need for bulky headgear or wires. The system uses deep learning algorithms to analyze EEG signals and improve signal quality.
A recent study by the University of British Columbia found that consumers are more likely to purchase upgraded products with an additional cost presented as an 'add-on' rather than a higher overall price. This effect applies across various product categories, from plane tickets to computer monitors.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have created a computer model that can translate text describing physical movements into simple computer-generated animations. The Joint Language-to-Pose model enables sentences and physical motions to be jointly embedded, learning how language is related to action, gestures, and movement.
A team of mathematicians, led by the University of Bristol and MIT, has finally solved the Sum-Of-Three-Cubes problem for the elusive number 42. Using a 'worldwide computer' harnessing idle computing power from over 500,000 home PCs, they found an answer that took over a million hours to prove.
Scientists have shown that quantum computers have two degrees of freedom for each bit, enabling faster calculations. A simulation tool called Quantum Simulation Logic has been developed to simulate quantum computer properties in a classical computer.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that sharing career goals with someone perceived as having higher status increases motivation and goal achievement. In contrast, sharing with lower-status individuals has no positive effect. The study suggests that caring about what others think can drive goal commitment and performance.
Using a cellphone to take a break during mentally challenging tasks depletes the brain and impairs performance. Participants who took phone breaks completed puzzles more slowly and accurately than those with no breaks or those taking paper breaks.
Researchers developed VERSE, a voice assistant that merges screen reader capabilities with virtual assistants, enabling free-form web searches and enhanced navigation. The tool allows users to access articles, news, and related searches, and navigate through words, sentences, or paragraphs with ease.
A Finnish research team developed a machine learning approach to predict storm severity, using data from power outages and storm characteristics. The algorithm achieved promising results in predicting class 0 no-damage storms and class 3 damaging storms, with plans to refine the model for winter storms.
A new computer software can detect genuine facial expressions, especially around the eyes. Researchers at the University of Bradford used a video analysis method to identify differences between real and posed smiles, finding that the eyes show more movement in genuine expressions.
A new computer system called EmoNet can accurately categorize images into emotional categories, suggesting that the visual cortex plays a crucial role in emotion processing. The study found that EmoNet could recognize emotions with high accuracy, even for nuanced emotions like confusion and awe.