Articles tagged with Computers
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Stanford University have designed a photon diode that can only flow in one direction, enabling faster solutions to scientific, mathematical and economic problems. The device uses nanostructures and metasurfaces to manipulate light and break time-reversal symmetry.
Researchers have created a prosthetic arm called the LUKE Arm, which can mimic human hand sensations, allowing amputees to pick up objects with greater precision. The arm uses a system of mathematical calculations and modeling to send biologically realistic signals to the brain, enabling users to feel touch, texture, and pressure.
Researchers developed a user-friendly, stretch-sensing data glove to capture real-time, interactive hand poses with precision. The gloves outperformed commercial products in most cases, and the team plans to expand to other sizes and shapes.
Researchers develop a novel method to automatically design a mode-free, model-agnostic AI-driven controller for any hybrid UAV, simplifying control and increasing accessibility. The team uses reinforcement learning techniques to optimize flight performance in realistic simulations.
Researchers at Washington State University have improved the software used to track thousands of near-Earth asteroids and comets, reducing modeling time from months to just hours. This breakthrough enables scientists to better predict asteroid orbits and potential collisions with Earth.
Researchers developed Pluribus AI that can play six-player no-limit Texas hold'em poker, outperforming top professionals and five copies of itself. The AI confirms traditional wisdom on limping as a suboptimal strategy for most players.
Scientists have developed a method to produce graphene materials using bacteria, overcoming a major hurdle in adopting this revolutionary nanomaterial. The bacterially-produced graphene material retains its amazing properties, making it suitable for innovative technologies such as field-effect transistor biosensors and conductive inks.
Researchers at IST Austria developed a new method to produce realistic water wave animations, now possible without sacrificing computational efficiency. The technique, which models wave-surface interactions, enables detailed scenes such as ripples forming around islands or boats passing by.
A new study co-led by University of Maryland astronomer Matthew Knight suggests that the first known interstellar object, 'Oumuamua, has a purely natural origin. The research team analyzed existing data and found that 'Oumuamua's characteristics are more consistent with a comet or asteroid than an alien spacecraft.
Researchers have discovered that tungsten trioxide can replace barium in X-ray exams and cancer treatments, offering a more effective and safer alternative. The compound's high absorptive capacity makes it suitable for creating a new class of contrast agents.
A new 3D-printed prosthetic hand can learn a wearer's movement patterns, allowing them to perform complex actions like picking up small items or clenching their fist. The hand's accuracy is above 95% for single simple motion and 93% for complicated motions.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have successfully developed a noninvasive brain-computer interface (BCI) that enables continuous control of a robotic arm using only thoughts. This breakthrough technology has the potential to revolutionize the lives of paralyzed patients and those with movement disorders.
Researchers developed a novel method for producing higher-quality images and scene designs in less time by using a deep-learning-based approach that considerably cuts the noise in images. The method results in sharper images with intricate details, including complex lighting components.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University have developed a new attack called Malboard that mimics a user's keystroke characteristics to evade detection. The attack can be carried out by a remote attacker or an insider using wireless communication, and it is capable of injecting malicious software into the keyboard.
A team of computer scientists has developed a method to analyze artistic portraiture, capturing facial features and individual style with high accuracy. The researchers used 'artistic augmentation' to transform photographic face data into more similar to artistic portraits.
Researchers develop method to mimic human decision-making, enabling computers to render multiple acceptable decisions. This allows for variability in computer systems, similar to human experts, and can lead to better performance.
Illinois researchers have developed a 'time-traveling' solid-state drive that can revert files to previous versions in case of ransomware attacks. The tool maintains data for at least three days before automatically deleting older versions, allowing users to backup their data on other systems during this time.
Researchers from computer science, psychology, mathematics and linguistics work together to develop new methods for processing and representing image information. The project aims to improve the detection of movement in video recordings and explore applications of augmented and virtual reality technologies.
Salto's new skills allow it to bounce like a pogo stick and jump through obstacle courses like an agility dog. Researchers hope the robot will aid in search-and-rescue missions by navigating rubble to find trapped people.
Limiting evening exposure to light-emitting screens can improve sleep quality and reduce symptoms of fatigue and bad mood in teenagers. A one-week study found that adolescents who reduced screen time experienced earlier wake-up times and fewer symptoms of sleep loss.
Researchers developed a machine-learning approach to distinguish critical markers of Alzheimer's disease using computer-aided analysis. The tool can process large amounts of data quickly and accurately, enabling neuropathologists to analyze thousands of times more samples than before.
Researchers at Graz University of Technology have discovered two new security flaws, ZombieLoad and Store-to-Leak Forwarding, which allow attackers to read sensitive data from Intel processors. The vulnerabilities affect all processors developed by Intel between 2012 and 2018, requiring urgent updates to ensure system protection.
Scientists at the University of Konstanz have demonstrated how skyrmions can be used for probability-based computing. They successfully developed a material where skyrmions can form and exploited thermal diffusion to create a reshuffler, a crucial component for probabilistic computing.
For the first time, researchers have measured the fidelity of two-qubit logic operations in silicon with highly promising results. The study demonstrates an average two-qubit gate fidelity of 98%, paving the way for scaling up to a full-scale quantum processor.
A study found that people who believe computers can surpass humans in tasks are more likely to accept self-driving cars. This 'posthuman ability' had a significant impact on acceptance, suggesting designers could re-envision car interiors with interactive devices.
Researchers at University of Cologne and Bonn developed a method to visualize fine surface structures using gold-coated samples in computer tomography. This technique allows for detailed analysis of organisms with previously invisible features, with applications in biology, taxonomy, and education.
Researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology are developing tools to ensure programs run correctly in specific situations and determine if software can produce unwanted results. Their approach uses algorithms and temporal logic to model a program's structure and behavior, allowing for 100% guarantee against bugs.
Researchers from the University of Bradford have developed a facial recognition system that can accurately identify individuals even when only half or three-quarters of their face is visible. The study found that the bottom half of the face, eyes, and nose were most useful for recognition.
Researchers used brain signals from epilepsy patients to program a computer to mimic natural speech, potentially improving quality of life for paralyzed individuals. The study successfully recreated vocal sounds with varying accuracy and demonstrated generalizability across patients.
Scientists are developing better manufacturing processes and control equipment for superconducting circuits and trapped ions. New materials like silicon spin devices and topological materials are also being explored to reduce noise and error in qubits.
West Virginia University researchers aim to unlock secrets of gravitational waves from binary black hole collisions with public computing power. They are building a website with downloadable software to generate self-consistent simulations, covering gaps in knowledge about gravitational wave parameters.
Researchers have developed a biosynthetic dual-core cell computer using CRISPR-Cas9 components, enabling scalable and flexible computing. This biological system can process up to 100,000 different metabolic molecules per second, far surpassing previous cell computers.
Researchers developed a hybrid lightweight tracking algorithm, Kerman, to enhance detection of people and behaviors in surveillance videos. The algorithm uses decentralized computing to process video streams on-site, increasing agility and robustness.
Researchers at MIT's Media Lab have created basil plants with enhanced flavor and potential health benefits using computer algorithms. The team used hydroponic containers with controlled environmental conditions to grow the plants, which were then analyzed for volatile compounds. Machine learning algorithms evaluated millions of possib...
A team of MU researchers used deep learning to predict material structures and their properties in graphene, a strong material. The study enables the design of new materials with specific properties, such as LEDs, touch screens, smartphones, and solar cells.
A new simulation system, AADS, combines photos, videos, and real-world trajectory data to create a more realistic autonomous driving environment. This allows for safer testing of self-driving vehicles in the lab before hitting the roads.
A team of healthcare data scientists and doctors developed an AI system using machine learning algorithms to predict the risk of early death due to chronic disease. The system performed better than current standard approaches and showed promise in improving preventative healthcare.
Researchers have created a soft computer using only rubber and air, emulating the thought process of an electronic computer. The soft computer mimics digital logic gates and achieves complex operations with pneumatic signals, enabling faster and more energy-efficient robots.
A nationwide survey of Brazilian teens found that excessive screen time and unhealthy snacking are associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome, a cluster of risk factors for heart disease and diabetes. The study suggests that limiting screen time and avoiding snacks in front of screens may help reduce this risk.
Researchers found that people strongly agreed with computer-generated answers on image identification tasks, validating the idea that humans and machines see images differently. This suggests that advances in artificial intelligence may need to be improved to narrow the gap between human and machine visual abilities.
Researchers design DNA molecules that can carry out reprogrammable computations, executing six-bit algorithms for simple tasks. The system demonstrates versatility and potential for teaching about molecular processes encoding information.
A new computer program can identify unwanted states in quantum computers, allowing users to check reliability without technical expertise. Researchers used the IBM Q Experience and dimension witnessing technique to demonstrate the method's accuracy.
Researchers at Saarland University have created an ultrathin flexible film that can act as a sensor for innovative technologies. The smart glove uses tactile signals to provide real-time feedback and assistance to assembly line workers, helping to prevent costly mistakes.
Engineers at the University of British Columbia have created a three-dimensional computer model of bat flight, capturing its complexity for the first time. This breakthrough could lead to better drone design and efficient aerial vehicles.
Researchers at TU Dresden are developing a technical assistance system that allows users to control devices using only tongue movements. The system, called Zungenmaus, aims to maintain everyday skills in patients with sensory and motor function impairments.
A recent study found that handwritten font on menus can convey a sense of love and care, leading customers to believe healthier food options are better for their bodies. This perception influences customer behavior, including increased social media interaction with the restaurant's brand.
Researchers at the University of Warwick and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia have developed a computer simulator that predicts lung damage from ventilator settings. The study identified strategies to reduce tidal volumes and driving pressures, potentially improving patient outcomes.
A team led by Professor Ebrahim Karimi creates a new quantum simulator that uses the properties of light to simulate periodic and closed structures in nature. The experiment reveals fundamentally different physics between ring-shaped and line-shaped systems, opening opportunities for developing efficient photonic-based quantum computers.
Scientists found that a strategy called 'extortion' is unbeatable, as it alternates between cooperation and egoism to force opponents to cooperate. This tactic can lead to significant gains for the 'extortioner', even when competing against cooperative players.
Researchers have developed a new technique using machine learning to classify large datasets of camera trap images, reducing the time needed for analysis. The computer can identify species with high accuracy and also learn to distinguish between empty images, greatly increasing efficiency.
A new breed of algorithms has mastered Atari video games 10 times faster than state-of-the-art AI, using a combination of reinforcement learning and intrinsic motivation. This method autonomously identifies sub-goals and exhibits relatively human-like behavior, making it competitive with Google DeepMind in the game Montezuma's Revenge.
Researchers from Ural Federal University and University of Edinburgh have developed a new theory on the collective behavior of magnetic nanoparticles for cancer treatment. Their computer simulations show that particles interact and influence each other, producing a unique effect that is not described by traditional Debye theory.
Researchers from Universidad Carlos III de Madrid have patented a Kleroterion device made of methacrylate, ensuring randomness in the entire process. The new design offers advantages such as ease of transport and transparency, making it a simpler and more reliable method for selecting people.
A Johns Hopkins study found that the brain's push-pull dynamic between hemispheres contributes to risk-taking behavior, with cumulative feelings from past bets influencing decisions. Researchers used stereoelectroencephalography to analyze neural signals and developed a mathematical equation to calculate each patient's bias.
Researchers at San Francisco State University found that poor head and neck alignment while working on computers can cause fatigue, headaches, and neck pain. By adopting good posture, such as keeping the head aligned with the neck, individuals can reduce muscle tension and alleviate these symptoms.
Researchers have developed a hybrid device combining two types of qubits to solve the speed bottleneck in quantum computing. By integrating different qubit architectures, they achieved rapid initialization and coherent measurements, paving the way for more scalable devices.
Researchers have discovered a way to create atomic-scale binary logic that powers faster and more energy-efficient electronics. This breakthrough could lead to significant reductions in power consumption and pave the way for sustainable, green technology.
Researchers developed AlphaZero, a generalized game-playing program that can learn any game through self-play reinforcement learning. The system mastered complex games like chess, shogi and Go within hours of self-learning and outperformed state-of-the-art AI programs.
Scientists have created a memristive element made from nanowires that functions similarly to biological nerve cells, storing and processing information in parallel. The discovery offers promising advantages for bioinspired computers, which can work decentralised with multiple processors connected by networks.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a virtual reality technique called Force Push, enabling users to manipulate objects with subtle hand gestures. The interface responds to the speed and magnitude of hand movements, providing a more physical and intuitive experience than traditional hand controllers.