Articles tagged with Computers
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Research finds that mobile payment adoption leads to increased total transaction amounts and frequencies, affecting traditional channels. The study also reveals that the mobile channel substitutes for offline payments and complements online transactions.
Researchers at Chiba University have successfully developed a special-purpose computer that can project high-quality three-dimensional (3D) holography as a video. The computer, called HORN-8, uses a calculation method called the 'phase type' to adjust the phase of light and increase computing speed.
Researchers developed a new machine learning method that allows AI to make classifications without negative data, a crucial component in traditional classification technology. This breakthrough enables AI systems to function effectively even when limited by data regulation or business constraints.
Scientists at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center develop a computer algorithm to analyze breast cancer images and identify tumor characteristics. The AI system achieves high accuracy in distinguishing between low-intermediate and high-grade tumors, as well as estrogen receptor status and molecular subtypes.
Researchers from the University of Tokyo developed an AI-powered simulation that accurately models earthquake physics in urban centers, achieving a fourfold increase in speed. The new code adapts to precision needs and reduces computational power, enabling more efficient disaster response.
Researchers have discovered three types of attacks that can be launched using a computer's graphics processing unit (GPU) to spy on web activity, steal passwords, and break into cloud-based applications. The attacks work by exploiting vulnerabilities in the GPU's memory utilization and performance counters.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have developed a practical proposal known as random circuit sampling (RCS) to prove quantum supremacy in quantum computers. This technique uses complex mathematical constructs to demonstrate the 'quantum accent' of a device, making it difficult for classical computers to replicate.
A new tool developed at Princeton University streamlines the creation of computer-animated images by automatically separating repeating objects into layers. The tool allows users to manually select and draw motion lines, which are then used to animate similar elements in a believable manner.
Researchers developed a device that utilizes nonlinear dynamics of a microscopic silicon beam to enable microelectromechanical neural networks, achieving high-dimensional calculations. The system demonstrated accuracy in tasks such as classifying spoken sounds and processing binary patterns.
A new technique using holographic images guides the insertion of external ventricular drains, increasing accuracy and reducing complications. The mixed-reality headset provides visualizations of individual patients' unique brain anatomy, allowing neurosurgeons to perform procedures more accurately and safely.
The University of Delaware is leading the charge in quantum technology research with a $1 million NSF grant. The team aims to develop quantum electronics that can process information faster and with greater accuracy, enabling next-generation technologies for communication, computing, and sensing.
Researchers, led by Dr. Nikolaus Wenger, are developing neural prostheses for brain-computer interfaces to treat neurological disorders. The goal is to understand how the brain processes information and develop a prosthesis that can transmit signals back to the nervous system.
A new DNA tool created by Michigan State University can accurately predict people's height and potentially assess their risk for serious illnesses like heart disease and cancer. The tool uses machine learning and analyzes the complete genetic makeup of nearly 500,000 adults in the UK to build predictors for complex traits.
Researchers developed an image averaging method to enhance low-quality CCTV footage, significantly improving human and computer facial recognition accuracy. The technique allows for a standardized way to create digital snapshots from multiple camera angles, aiding law enforcement in suspect identification.
A new system using computer avatars detects dementia with high accuracy by analyzing speech and language patterns of elderly individuals. The technology has the potential to encourage early diagnosis through daily conversations with avatars.
A study by Dr Harry Witchel at Brighton and Sussex Medical School found that smiling is linked to subjective engagement, not happiness. In one-to-one Human-Computer-Interaction experiments, participants smiled more when answering questions incorrectly.
Researchers at Penn State successfully organized atoms in a lattice to lower entropy, which could aid in creating a quantum computer. This achievement uses uncharged atoms as qubits, enabling multiple states simultaneously and making computation more efficient.
Scientists at the Weizmann Institute of Science have successfully demonstrated a logic gate that enables the exchange of information between photons and atoms, a breakthrough necessary for scaling up quantum computers. This achievement paves the way for the development of more powerful quantum computing systems.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University created a structure that concentrates light powerfully, nearly indefinitely, using a simple equation. The bowtie-funnel combo amplifies input light in a small region, enabling low-power manipulation of information on computer chips.
Researchers created a lensless camera by connecting a digital sensor to a plexiglass window, which acts as a makeshift lens. The system can capture recognizable images with computer algorithms decoding the pixelated data. This innovation opens up possibilities for various applications, including augmented reality goggles and biometric ...
The University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC) has partnered with the Chesapeake Conservancy to develop a more accurate map of the region's waterways using novel techniques. This project aims to prioritize restoration efforts and enhance enforcement of environmental laws in the Chesapeake Bay watershed.
A Rice University scientist has developed a new method to diagnose quantum computers, reducing the need for expensive measurements. This approach uses compressed sensing to minimize data while ensuring accurate results, making it possible to validate even large-scale systems.
Scientists have found a way to control spin currents using magnetic fields and temperatures, significantly improving the efficiency of fundamental spintronic components. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize the design of storage devices like hard disks and create new technologies such as spin current switches.
Researchers develop computational tool to automatically create 3D print templates for nanostructures that correspond to user-defined colors. The new design tool has several advantages over previous methods, including a free-form structure that allows for greater flexibility and possibilities for additional coloring effects.
The new strategy combines design of a chemical library, virtual screening, automated synthesis, and in vitro study of biological activity. This approach accelerates and automates the process of prototype molecule optimization, increasing chances of finding potential medicinal molecules.
Dr. Nick Strandwitz is exploring a multi-step method to address temperature issues in atomic layer deposition (ALD), a process crucial for precision thin film growth. His goal is to control the crystallinity of the material, which affects its electronic properties.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a system that automatically renders accurate sounds for complex animated content, such as splashing water or colliding objects. The system takes into account the vibrations of each object and how they excite sound waves, resulting in highly detailed and realistic sounds.
A new study suggests that excessive screen time is contributing to an increase in nearsightedness among children, with symptoms including dry eye and blurred vision. Parents can take steps to mitigate this by encouraging outdoor activities, using good posture, and taking regular breaks from screens.
Computer vision algorithms have made significant progress in tasks such as object identification and categorization. However, they struggle with determining whether two objects in an image are the same or different. Researchers at Brown University found that this limitation stems from the inability of these algorithms to individuate ob...
The Google team developed a comprehensive system for capturing and rendering high-quality spherical light field still images from footage captured in the real world. The processing pipeline uses computer vision to place the images in 3D and generate depth maps, resulting in a truly immersive experience with unmatched realism.
A study from University of Helsinki reveals that sudden cold spells occurred during the Eemian interglacial period, lasting hundreds of years and impacting northern European climate. The research suggests that disturbances in North Atlantic circulation contributed to these shifts, highlighting the sensitivity of this oceanic system.
Researchers trained a machine learning algorithm to analyze microscopic radiation damage, achieving an accuracy of 86% compared to humans. The algorithm can process images faster and more efficiently than humans, making it a promising tool for developing safe nuclear materials.
Walt Disney Animation Studios premieres its first VR short film Cycles at SIGGRAPH 2018, exploring the true meaning of creating a home and the life within. The film utilizes innovative techniques such as Quill VR painting and motion capture to bring the story to life in immersive virtual reality.
Defect-free boron arsenide has a record-high thermal conductivity, drawing heat away from hotspots much faster than current materials. This breakthrough could improve performance and reduce energy demand in various electronic devices.
Linköping University researchers have developed a method to simulate the heart's function using CT scan data, which may revolutionize cardiovascular disease diagnosis. This technique allows for quick and easy investigations, enabling the study of blood flow in individual patients.
A research team has developed a new sketch-based editing framework called FaceShop that uses machine-learning techniques to enable users to edit their photos by 'sketching' a few strokes on top of them. The system allows untrained users to perform complex edits within minutes using an intuitive interface.
A team of researchers from the Santa Fe Institute has published a paper on the thermodynamics of computation, which involves elements of statistical physics, computer science, cellular biology, and neurobiology. The study aims to understand how computers process information and reduce energy waste by optimizing computational processes.
A UNLV study reveals that iPad neck pain is a growing problem among Americans, particularly young adults and women. The study found that postures such as sitting without back support and using tablets while lying on the side or back significantly contribute to the condition.
A new approach in VR redirected walking leverages eye blinks to provide users with a realistic perception of infinite space. The technique, developed by computer scientists, involves redirecting the user's viewpoint during natural instances of eye blinking, without undetectable camera movements.
A computer program developed at the University of Bonn can accurately predict future actions by learning typical sequences from video sequences. The algorithm achieved an accuracy rate of over 40% for short forecast periods and was tested on new videos with promising results.
A University of Maryland study found that people remember information better when presented in virtual reality compared to traditional desktop computers. The researchers used a memory palace method and found an 8.8% improvement in recall accuracy using VR headsets.
Researchers have developed Autofocals, a system that automatically corrects presbyopia by mimicking the natural accommodation response of the eye. Users experienced better visual acuity at nearer distances compared to monovision and progressive lenses methods.
Researchers have developed a novel audio-visual model that can isolate and enhance speech in videos, even in challenging real-world scenarios. The model uses both visual cues, such as lip movements, and auditory signals to focus on the speaker's voice and improve speech quality.
A Rutgers-led team has developed a new material that conducts electricity without energy loss, paving the way for low-power electronics and potentially faster quantum computing. The material, which combines magnetic and insulator properties, can be used for electronic interconnections within silicon chips.
Scientists at Hokkaido University have developed a theoretical approach to quantum computing that uses light squeezing to dramatically reduce errors. This new method is ten billion times more tolerant of errors than current experimental methods, bringing us closer to developing ultra-accurate quantum computers.
A NIST study reveals that facial recognition experts achieve maximum accuracy when working with artificial intelligence, rather than another human. Trained professionals outperformed untrained control groups and algorithms performed comparable to top-performers.
Researchers have predicted a new type of dibaryon, called di-Omega, composed of six quarks, using advanced simulations on the K computer. The prediction could help scientists understand extreme environments and interactions among elementary particles.
Researchers developed a new display technology that uses crystalline silicon film growth at lower temperatures, potentially replacing existing processes. This innovation has the potential to increase efficiency and luminance while lowering production costs for electronic devices like solar cells.
Mark Owkes, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Montana State University, has earned the National Science Foundation's CAREER award for his research on complex liquid-gas interactions. His goal is to create more accurate and faster simulations to help engineers design better technologies.
Researchers have created a new superconductor with a critical temperature over 6 Kelvin, which could enable the development of ultrafast and powerful computers. The electroplated rhenium material is non-toxic, easy to work with mechanically, and melts at high temperatures.
Bento browser eliminates 'tab overload' by storing each search session as a project workspace, keeping track of relevant parts of visited web pages. Users can identify useful pages, trash unhelpful ones, and pick up where they left off later.
Artificial antimicrobial peptides, developed by researchers using a computer algorithm, have shown promise in combating drug-resistant bacteria. The most promising candidate, guavanin 2, has been found to be more potent than naturally occurring peptides and effective against Gram-negative bacteria.
Wiseman and Grinberg propose a system to evaluate collision potential and choose the least harmful course of action for autonomous vehicles. The system uses Spatial Data Structures and Bounding Volumes to analyze possible crashes and decide on the most destructive option.
A PhD student at The University of Manchester has developed a new method and software for using computer game technology to simulate complex scientific and engineering applications. Using powerful graphics cards, he can run large-scale simulations over 100 times faster than conventional computers, reducing costs from hundreds of thousa...
Researchers found that the efficiency of information processing cannot be increased indefinitely, with thermodynamic and information theory combining to identify key factors. Better understanding and tailored software can influence the limit.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have developed a method using deep reinforcement learning to create realistic computer animations. The system, dubbed DeepMimic, can simulate various skills, including acrobatic feats like break dancing and martial arts, and respond naturally to changes in the environment.
Researchers found that fast typists use a combination of techniques, such as rollover typing and parallel hand movement, to achieve high speeds. This approach allows for efficient keypresses and minimizes errors. The study provides insights into modern typing habits and suggests simple exercises to improve typing technique.
A team of researchers from the University of Münster has developed a new computer method that enables chemists to plan syntheses with unprecedented efficiency. The method uses deep neural networks and Monte Carlo Tree Search, allowing computers to learn the rules and applications of chemical reactions from literature.
UC Berkeley engineers create a millimeter-wide, transparent light-emitting device using monolayer semiconductors. The device can emit bright light when turned on and become see-through when turned off, opening possibilities for invisible displays.
A recent study suggests that information security managers can motivate employees to act more securely by providing relatable messages and offering options. Employees may not realize they're putting company data at risk, but giving them choices can encourage better behavior.