Detecting diluteness
Researchers develop ultrafast scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to observe membraneless organelles. The technique reveals low-density, permeable structures, contrary to expected dense packing.
Bioengineering
Articles tagged with Bioengineering
Biosynthetic secrets: How fungi make bioactive compounds
Biological engineers at Utah State University have successfully decoded and reprogrammed fungal biosynthetic machinery to produce natural compounds with anti-cancer, anti-microbial and anti-cholesterol properties. The team has reproduced several bio-active compounds in engineered microbes, including beauvericin and bassianolide.
Bacteria harness the lotus effect to protect themselves
Researchers have discovered that bacterial biofilms adapt their surface texture to repel water, similar to leaves. The structure of these biofilms is influenced by nutrient supply, with some behaving like lotus leaves and others like rose petals.
The science behind making the perfect pitch
Researchers at Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences used mathematical models to determine the best way to throw an object at a target. They found that underhand throws are best for close, high targets and overhand throws are more accurate for targets below the shoulder.
SourceHarvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences·JournalRoyal Society Open Science·DateMay 1, 2017
Combating wear and tear
Researchers at the University of Utah have discovered that collagen can get unraveled at a molecular level before complete failure of connective tissues, leading to common injuries such as ligament and tendon tears. This breakthrough allows for early detection and potential treatment using the CHP probe.
The 2017 HFSP start-up laboratories
The Human Frontier Science Program has selected 10 researchers to receive the prestigious Career Development Award for their innovative projects. The award will provide $300,000 over three years to establish independent laboratories and promote intercontinental collaboration.
Decoding the genome's cryptic language
A new tool called MARGI identifies all RNA molecules interacting with a segment of DNA, as well as their locations. This breakthrough enables researchers to identify new gene functions and instructions encoded in the genome.
Mimicking nature's cellular architectures via 3-D printing
Scientists at Harvard and MIT have developed a new 3D printing method that can create lightweight structural materials with tunable porosity, inspired by natural cellular structures. The approach uses ceramic foam ink to produce materials with exceptional stiffness and multifunctional properties.
SourceHarvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateFeb 6, 2017
A toolkit for transformable materials
Researchers from Harvard have developed a general framework to design reconfigurable metamaterials. This tool allows for the creation of materials that can switch between multiple functions and shapes autonomously, enabling new possibilities in structural engineering, aerospace, and beyond.
SourceHarvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences·JournalNature·DateJan 18, 2017
Strength of hair inspires new materials for body armor
Researchers at UC San Diego discovered that hair behaves differently depending on stretching speed, with faster stretches making it stronger. The team found a unique structural transformation allowing hair to withstand high stress without breaking.
SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalMaterials Science and Engineering C·DateJan 17, 2017
Multiregional brain on a chip
Researchers developed a multiregional brain-on-a-chip to study how diseases impact different regions of the brain. The model characterized differences between neurons from distinct brain regions and mimicked system connectivity.
SourceHarvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences·JournalJournal of Neurophysiology·DateJan 13, 2017
Watching water freeze (video)
A team of scientists from France has developed a method to visualize ice crystals in three dimensions as they grow, providing new insights into their formation process. By using confocal laser scanning microscopy and image analysis, the researchers can capture rapid images of ice crystals growing and measure their expansion rates.
New nanoscale technologies could revolutionize microscopes, study of disease
Researchers at University of Missouri have developed a new, low-cost imaging platform that enables single molecule imaging with ordinary microscopes. The patented method uses surface plasmon resonance to achieve super-resolution imaging down to 65 nanometers.
A strategy for 'convergence' research to transform biomedicine
A new report calls for increased funding for convergence research, which merges approaches from engineering, physics, and life sciences to transform health research. Convergence-based research has already shown promise, with many universities adopting this approach, including MIT's Koch Institute and Harvard's Wyss Institute.
Using static electricity, RoboBees can land and stick to surfaces
Researchers have developed a system that allows RoboBees to perch in flight, saving energy. The electrostatic adhesion mechanism attracts the robot to surfaces, enabling it to extend its operational life significantly.
SourceHarvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences·JournalScience·DateMay 19, 2016
A new paper-based test for the Zika virus
A new paper-based test developed at MIT and other institutions can diagnose Zika virus infection within a few hours. The test distinguishes Zika from the similar dengue virus, making it potentially practical for widespread use.
Method stabilizes, enhances phosphorene
Researchers at Northwestern University have stabilized exfoliated black phosphorus by covalently bonding a single-molecule-thick layer onto its surface. This enhances electronic properties and prevents degradation in open air, making it suitable for applications such as sensors, transistors, and optoelectronics.
UC San Diego bioengineers create first online search engine for functional genomics data
Researchers have developed GeNemo, an innovative search engine for functional genomic data. This tool allows users to search inside the data using pattern matching, enabling discoveries of functional aspects in specific genome regions associated with normal physiology or disease.
Designing a pop-up future
A new research by L. Mahadevan and his team discovered a fundamental origami fold, the Miura-ori, that can be used to create almost any three-dimensional shape. The team developed an algorithm that can create certain shapes using the Miura-ori fold, repeated with small variations.
SourceHarvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences·JournalNature Materials·DateJan 26, 2016
New tool puts accurate DNA analysis in fast lane
Researchers at Rice University have created a new tool to analyze DNA in its native conditions, reducing analysis time from months to hours. The method generates more accurate results and can be used to build a comprehensive database of thermal behaviors of genetic molecules.
Chewing slowly helps prevent excessive weight gain in children
A study published in Pediatric Obesity found that waiting 30 seconds between bites of food can help children realize they're no longer hungry and prevent overeating. The slow eating approach resulted in significant weight loss among participants, with some students losing up to 5.7% of their initial weight after six months.
Faster, finer filtration
Researchers at KAUST developed a block copolymer membrane with nanoscale holes, demonstrating molecular selectivity and increased water flux. The new method overcomes practical challenges in fabricating porous membranes, enabling efficient filtration of pollutants from liquids.
SourceKing Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST)·JournalAngewandte Chemie International Edition·DateDec 14, 2015
Bioengineers cut in half time needed to make high-tech flexible sensors
Researchers at UC San Diego have developed a new fabrication process that cuts the time needed to make high-tech flexible sensors in half. The new process uses a peel-and-stick medium and allows for mass-market manufacturing, making it possible to monitor vital signs and brain activity more easily.
Manipulating the antennae on cells promises new treatments for osteoarthritis
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have found that lithium chloride can increase the size of primary cilia, disrupting Hedgehog Signalling and potentially treating osteoarthritis. This discovery may lead to new treatments for arthritis and other conditions.
Dive of the RoboBee
Researchers at Harvard's John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have created a flying, swimming robotic bee that can transition between air and water. The microrobot, smaller than a paperclip, uses flapping motions inspired by puffins to propel itself through both mediums.
Biomarker finder adjusts on the fly
Researchers at Rice University have developed a new tool to identify DNA and RNA sequences, which will help detect diseases and design therapies. The method allows for the simultaneous observation of multiple biomarkers by adjusting the brightness of fluorescent probes.
How does an insecticide treated bed net actually work?
Research reveals that insecticide-treated bed nets function as human-baited insecticidal traps, delivering insecticide quickly to reduce mosquito activity. The study uses infrared video tracking technology to understand how mosquitoes interact with nets and inform future LLIN designs.
New computer model could explain how simple molecules took first step toward life
Researchers developed a theoretical model to explain the origins of self-replicating molecules. Their work suggests that complex polymers can form rapidly through a template-assisted ligation mechanism, which would have allowed early life on Earth to emerge.
MSU's BEACON Center nets $22.5 million grant to continue evolution research
BEACON researchers explore evolutionary dynamics of disease, antibiotic resistance, and climate change using digital organisms, aiming to develop robust solutions for industrial and societal problems. The grant renewal enables further breakthroughs in understanding and harnessing evolution in action.
NSF funds methane research with potential for greener energy, manufacturing
Assistant Professor Ryan Hartman is awarded $501,000 to research methane's carbon-hydrogen bonds at moderate temperatures. His work could lead to more efficient synthesis of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals, as well as innovative approaches to remote K-12 student engagement.
Seahorse tails could inspire new generation of robots
A recent study published in the journal Science suggests that seahorse tails' square prism shape offers a functional advantage over cylindrical shapes. This unique design could inspire new forms of armor and lead to the development of search-and-rescue robots with improved control and versatility.
Be square, seahorse; it has mechanical advantages
The seahorse tail's square shape provides better resistance to twisting and grasping control due to increased contact area. Its resilience is attributed to gliding joints, making it a valuable inspiration for designing search-and-rescue robots and other technologies.
New membranes deliver clean water more efficiently
The new membranes show comparable performance to existing commercial membranes but with greater resistance to chlorine-containing chemicals. This technology can reduce operating costs and prevent decreased water flow due to biological fouling.
An injectable UW polymer could keep soldiers, trauma patients from bleeding to death
Researchers developed PolySTAT, an injectable polymer that strengthens blood clots, reducing bleeding in battlefield injuries and traumatic accidents. The synthetic polymer outperforms natural clotting factors and has the potential to treat hemophilia and improve hemorrhaging treatments.
Researchers demonstrate optogenetic stimulation of the brain to control pain
Scientists at UT Arlington discovered that optogenetically stimulating a small area of the brain, specifically the anterior cingulate cortex, can significantly reduce pain behavior in lab mice. This breakthrough could lead to new strategies for managing chronic pain and improving our understanding of pain pathways.
New technique captures real-time diagnostic 3-D images
Researchers have developed a new technique to capture real-time 3D images of living organisms, such as zebrafish and fruit flies, allowing for the visualization of their anatomy and functions. This breakthrough uses Optical Projection Tomography, enabling the creation of three-dimensional images up to three millimeters long.
Calculating the future of solar-fuel refineries
A new framework by UW-Madison engineers helps plot the future of solar fuels by accounting for general variables and big-picture milestones. The tool is designed to remain relevant as researchers experiment with new technologies and ideas, and can be adapted for other energy-related processes.
Automated method beats critics in picking great movies
A Northwestern University study reveals an automated method of analyzing movie citations outperforms human critics and crowd wisdom in predicting a film's significance. The researchers analyzed over 15,000 movies and found that the number of references by other movies is the best predictor of inclusion in the National Film Registry.
SourceNorthwestern University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJan 19, 2015
Animal contraceptive vaccine could reduce euthanasia in shelters
A new vaccine technology aims to provide a nonsurgical method for spaying and neutering dogs and cats, potentially reducing the number of animals in shelters and preventing euthanizations. The vaccine targets gonadotropin-releasing hormone, crucial for reproduction in mammals.
President Obama presents the National Medals of Science, National Medals of Technology and Innovation
The President awarded the nation's highest science and technology honors to 10 individuals who received NSF funding at some point in their careers. Many recipients have made lasting impacts on US competitiveness and quality of life.
New program funds 5 Clemson technologies for commercialization
The CURF Technology Maturation Fund supports the development of Clemson technologies, increasing the likelihood of commercialization. Five Clemson researchers received funding ranging from $20,000 to $36,000 each.
Cutting the cord on soft robots
Engineers at Harvard University have created an untethered soft robot, measuring over half a meter in length, which can carry up to 7.5 pounds on its back. The robot, designed using composite silicone rubber and Kevlar fabric, has withstood extreme conditions such as snow, water, flames, and being run over by a car.
Doctoral students to study biology, mechanics connection under NIH grant
Four doctoral students at Washington University in St. Louis will train in mechanobiology, integrating biology with engineering and other disciplines. They will conduct research on various length scales and develop teaching skills through outreach activities.
Identifying microbial species
Researchers at Northeastern University developed a device that cultivates a single bacterial species, allowing scientists to study and identify the millions of microorganisms that populate the world. The device solves the problem of natural competition between species, enabling the isolation of pure, single-species samples.
Penn Research lends new insights on conditions for new blood vessel formation
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania uncover existence of threshold for fluid flow-induced angiogenesis, enabling rapid tumor growth; study paves the way for cancer-fighting drugs and treatments for cardiovascular disease.
SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJul 2, 2014
Conducting polymer films decorated with biomolecules for cell research use
Researchers have developed conducting polymer films decorated with biomolecules to facilitate cell growth, adhesion, and manipulation. The films are created through hydrogel stamps and can be tailored to various shapes, sizes, and surface properties.
Researchers uncover secrets of a mollusk's unique bioceramic armor
Researchers at MIT analyzed the shells of a sea creature to determine why they are exceptionally tough and optically clear. The shells' unique properties emerge from a specialized nanostructure that allows optical clarity, as well as efficient energy dissipation and localized deformation.
PNAS announces 6 2013 Cozzarelli Prize recipients
The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) has selected six papers for the 2013 Cozzarelli Prize, honoring originality and excellence in scientific disciplines. The award recipients include studies on planetary formation, task-related 'cortical' bursting, and honey bee pathogen replication.
SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMar 6, 2014
Building artificial cells will be a noisy business
Researchers created tiny oscillators in oil droplets and found that smaller droplets behaved differently due to partitioning effects, not just stochastic reaction dynamics. This discovery highlights the need for engineers to understand and deal with 'partitioning noise' when designing artificial cells
New study changes conceptions about the determinants of skull development and form
A new study by Matthew Ravosa and colleagues at the University of Notre Dame reveals that dietary influences play a crucial role in shaping the human skull. Contrary to long-held assumptions about hard object feeding, the research suggests that early human ancestors, such as Australopithecus, relied on tough foods year-round.
Illinois initiative creates futuristic facility
The CompGen initiative brings together top faculty in genomic and computational sciences to analyze trillions of nucleotides and better understand the human genome. The facility will enable more accurate and efficient analysis of DNA, incorporating visualization components to visualize genetic data in real time.
UEA researchers pioneer first patient-specific 3-D virtual birth simulator
Researchers at UEA are developing a virtual birthing simulator that takes into account individual factors such as mother's body shape and baby positioning. The system will enable healthcare professionals to predict potential complications and advise on necessary interventions, aiming to reduce complicated births.
A new treatment for heart attack will soon be available for emergency teams and the emergency ambulance
A new strategy for emergency anticoagulant treatment has been developed, using bivalirudin, which reduces the risk of death or serious bleeding by 8.5%, compared to traditional heparin treatment. The EUROMAX clinical trial found that this approach improves patient outcomes without increasing the risk of stent thrombosis.
SourceINSERM (Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale)·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·DateOct 30, 2013
New research links individual animal behavior with social spacing
Researchers have discovered that animals deposit marks to show their presence and retreat from similar marks, revealing the importance of spatial overlap in understanding epidemic disease spread. This finding has significant implications for bio-inspired technologies and animal sociality.
New gut bacterium discovered in termite's digestion of wood
Researchers at Caltech have identified a previously unknown bacterium in the termite gut that may be responsible for most acetogenesis. The bacterium, part of the deltaproteobacteria group, attaches to the surface of a hydrogen-producing protozoan, providing a new understanding of the complex food web in the termite gut.
SourceCalifornia Institute of Technology·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateSep 26, 2013
Art of Science exhibit celebrates the 'unpredictability of beauty'
The Princeton University Art of Science 2013 exhibit features top three awards in a juried competition and People's Choice images. The gallery includes structural diagrams resembling flowers, close-up photographs, and worm images, sparking debate among artists about the nature of art.
PNAS announces 6 2012 Cozzarelli Prize recipients
The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has selected six papers published in 2012 to receive the Cozzarelli Prize. The prize acknowledges papers that reflect scientific excellence and originality, particularly in physical and mathematical sciences.
SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMar 12, 2013
Tough, light and strong: Lessons from nature could lead to the creation of new materials
Researchers at UC San Diego identify three characteristics of biological materials that can be emulated in man-made materials: light weight, toughness and strength. Bio-inspired designs from nature could lead to better body armor, lighter aircraft and stronger materials.
UT Arlington bioengineer to use hybrid imaging system to see deep tissue
A UT Arlington bioengineer has created a hybrid imaging system that uses light and sound to produce accurate images of deep tissue, overcoming the challenge of invasive biopsies. The technology could revolutionize the way doctors examine patients, allowing for non-invasive evaluation of intact tissue with improved depth portrayal.
New geometries: Researchers create new shapes of artificial microcompartments
Scientists at Northwestern University have developed a method to recreate unique shell geometries in lab-made microcompartments by altering the acidity of their surroundings. This breakthrough could lead to designed microreactors that mimic cellular functions or deliver therapeutic materials to cells.