Articles tagged with Metals
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers discovered that tetrahedral Co²⁺ is preferentially incorporated into the lattice in early stages of Co(OH)₂ formation. The retention of tetrahedral Co²⁺ is linked to effective OH⁻ concentration, paving the way for optimized synthesis methods and enhanced material properties.
The study identifies a new area where a correction for the self-interaction error breaks down, allowing researchers to pinpoint flaws and develop solutions. By refining DFT, scientists can design better catalysts, leading to improvements in fields such as food production and technology.
Mechanochemistry enables efficient generation of organolithium compounds, solving traditional synthesis challenges with simplified, solvent-free method. The new protocol achieves high conversion rates and reduces handling risks for technicians with limited experience.
The article reviews additive manufacturing technology for biomedical metals, enabling customized implants with precise internal structures. It highlights the integration of AI and 4D printing, addressing challenges in production costs, regulatory compliance, and post-processing.
Researchers uncover a novel reaction pathway in weak-binding metal-nitrogen-carbon single-atom catalysts, contradicting the traditional Sabatier principle. This discovery offers new insights into their exceptional catalytic behavior.
Research by University of Washington oceanographers found that whale excrement contains significant amounts of iron, a vital element for phytoplankton growth. The study suggests that the decimation of baleen whale populations may have had larger biogeochemical implications for the Southern Ocean ecosystem.
A new study highlights the need for collaboration among recyclers, manufacturers, and policymakers to develop efficient and sustainable lithium-ion battery recycling processes. Advanced techniques like direct recycling and upcycling could reduce costs by up to 40% while minimizing secondary pollution.
Weizmann researchers create new method to analyze dendrites in lithium-ion batteries, finding optimal composition for safe energy storage. The study reveals 'golden ratio' for electrolyte balance, extending battery life and reducing fire hazard.
Researchers developed AshPhos, a ligand that facilitates the formation of carbon-nitrogen bonds using inexpensive materials. The tool has potential applications in pharmaceuticals, nanomaterials, and degrading PFAS pollutants.
Scientists from Chiba University successfully analyzed human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells using a new sample introduction system, achieving accurate elemental composition measurements without damaging the cells. The study expands the potential of ICP-MS technology for mammalian cultured cell analysis.
Researchers developed a metal-organic cage that selectively recognizes and encapsulates radioactive strontium, achieving a 99.7% removal efficiency at low concentrations. The novel material design enables precise recognition sites within the cage's cavity.
A study reveals that US commodity consumption patterns have undergone a significant transformation since the 1970s, with growth in demand for certain materials slowing down. This trend, known as relative dematerialization, is driven by technological and societal changes, such as the rise of recycling and shifting consumer behavior.
A research team at Yokohama National University developed a method to study titanium's electronic structure using high harmonic generation. They found that the orientation of electrons affects the material's strength, flexibility, and bonding behavior.
Researchers at Pusan National University developed a hybrid model to predict metal wear in magnesium alloys, enabling safer, lighter designs. The model combines machine learning and physics to improve fatigue life prediction, offering greater predictive reliability for enhanced safety and longevity.
Researchers have observed a rare metal-poor supernova, providing valuable information about the early universe. The study revealed that this supernova was distinct from others in nearby galaxies, with unique properties such as a steady brightness period and rapid spin.
Researchers found high levels of contamination on Perequê Beach in Guarujá, Brazil, with plastic and cigarette butts predominating. The study, published in Marine Pollution Bulletin, highlights the need for public policies to mitigate litter and protect marine ecosystems.
Researchers develop novel Ta-based implants with improved biocompatibility and osseointegration properties, enabling better bone growth and stability. The designs optimize mechanical and biological requirements for optimal clinical results.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed an innovative method to synthesize amorphous nanosheets from challenging metal oxides and oxyhydroxides. The process uses surfactants to create ultrathin layers with numerous defects, making them excellent active sites for catalytic reactions.
A new MOF has been developed using a 'Merged-Net Strategy' inspired by skyscraper architecture, resulting in enhanced porosity and structural stability. The material exhibits superior water adsorption capacity and reusability compared to conventional MOFs.
A research team led by Dr. Franco Marcantonio found significant lead pollution in a Tibetan glacier starting in 1974, with highest levels between 2000 and 2007. The team traced the source of pollution to Chinese gasoline emissions containing lead until its phasedown after 2007.
Researchers at University of Göttingen studied Bronze Age spear combat using multi-stage experiments to understand fighting styles and mark formation on spearheads. The study provides insights into wear formation, trauma, and combat contexts, benefiting future research and museum curation.
For the first time, researchers have witnessed nanosized water bubbles forming in real time using a novel method that enables atomic precision. The breakthrough discovery has significant implications for practical applications, such as rapid water generation in deep space environments without extreme conditions.
The research team developed a printing-based selective metal thin film deposition technique, enabling the fabrication of high-performance soft electronic devices and circuits in various forms. The method utilizes polymer patterns to block metal vapor condensation, allowing for patterning on multi-curvature or elastic substrates.
A study published in JACC found that metal exposure is associated with progression of plaque buildup in the arteries, comparable to traditional risk factors like smoking and diabetes. The findings support considering metal exposure as a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
The Rice-led MURI project aims to develop innovative single-atom reactor systems and analyze various chemical processes of strategic importance to the DOD. The researchers, led by Naomi Halas, seek to improve energy efficiency and reduce protocol intensity in chemical reactions.
Researchers have successfully mass-produced aluminum nanowires using a novel atomic diffusion technique, paving the way for mass production of high-performance nanodevices in fields like sensing devices and optoelectronics. The new method enables precise control over NW growth, leading to significant improvements in quality and purity.
Researchers at Aston University have created a potential treatment for bone cancer using gallium-doped bioactive glasses, which has shown a 99% success rate in killing osteosarcoma cells. The therapy also promotes early stages of bone formation and regenerates diseased bones.
Researchers at MIT have directly observed edge states in a cloud of ultracold atoms, capturing images of atoms flowing along a boundary without resistance. This discovery could enable super-efficient energy transmission and data transfer in materials.
Researchers developed a novel strategy for designing MOFs, merging bottom-up and top-down approaches to explore structures based on metal clusters. The Up-Down Approach enables the creation of novel materials with tailored properties, including high chemical stability and diverse chemical properties.
Researchers have developed a cost-effective and easily reproducible point-of-care testing device that can accurately measure cortisol levels in the blood. The device uses iridium oxide nanoparticles to improve stability, sensitivity, and selectivity, allowing for commercial use.
Researchers use high-energy synchrotron X-ray to study spatter dynamics during LPBF, revealing links between vapour depression shape and spatter interactions. The study proposes strategies to minimize defects, improving the surface quality of LPBF-manufactured parts.
Researchers at Singapore University of Technology and Design have developed a novel approach to metalworking using chitinous colloids and composites. By leveraging the affinity between chitin and metals, they created functional metallic structures without high temperatures or pressures.
A research project, ACCELERATE, aims to significantly reduce operational qualification time and cost in additive manufacturing by improving validation through detailed tasks and documentation. The project will tackle various aspects of AM operations, including facility controls, operator training, software configuration, and process mo...
Researchers have identified a metal deficiency in SOD1 protein associated with motor neurone disease using native ambient mass spectrometry imaging. This breakthrough could lead to new insights and treatments for the disease, which affects around 5,000 people in the UK.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology have unveiled an eco-friendly method to extract rare metals from semiconductor waste, recovering precious tungsten and assessing its economic viability. The bioleaching process, using a fungus to dissolve metals, is found to be 7% cheaper than traditional methods.
A new process by Rice University researchers recovers up to 50% of lithium in spent LIB cathodes in just 30 seconds, overcoming a significant bottleneck in LIB recycling technology. The microwave-based method uses a readily biodegradable solvent and achieves efficiencies similar to conventional heating methods but much faster.
A new study reveals that mining activities pose a significant threat to vertebrate species worldwide, with over 4,642 species at risk. The main drivers of this threat are mining for materials essential to clean energy technologies like lithium, cobalt, and limestone.
Researchers at the University of Sydney have proposed a new way to reduce industrial emissions by utilizing liquid metals in chemical reactions. This approach aims to decrease energy requirements and lower greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new method to reduce fluorine in lithium metal batteries, increasing their stability and efficiency. The new design requires only 0.1% by weight of fluorine, reducing the environmental footprint of these high-energy batteries.
Researchers have discovered that gallium's bonds disappear at melting point but reappear at higher temperatures, leading to a new explanation for its low melting point. This breakthrough has important implications for advances in nanotechnology and materials science.
Researchers developed a 3D metamaterial capable of detecting polarization and direction of light, overcoming limitations of conventional optical devices. The breakthrough technology utilizes pi-shaped metal nanostructures with numerical aperture-detector polarimetry to analyze light distribution.
A team of researchers from TU Wien and the University of Manchester demonstrated the control of thermal radiation by manipulating its topological properties. They created a coating with varying metal layer thickness along the coastline of the British Isles, allowing for localized heat emission at specific points.
A research team at Pohang University of Science & Technology has developed a new type of hafnia-based ferroelectric memory device that can store 16 levels of data per unit transistor. The device operates at low voltages, high speeds and exhibits stable characteristics.
A study at Nagoya University reveals the formation of a superlattice structure in gallium nitride and magnesium, leading to enhanced hole transport and compressive strain. This breakthrough has potential applications in improving GaN-based devices for energy-efficient electronics.
Researchers developed a novel air-handleable garnet-type solid electrolyte technology that improves surface and internal properties, preventing contamination layer formation. This innovation enables the creation of ultra-thin lithium solid-state batteries with high energy density and low weight.
Researchers have developed a method to detect microplastics in marine and freshwater environments using porous metal substrates and machine learning. The system can identify six types of microplastics with high accuracy, offering a cost-effective solution for environmental monitoring.
Researchers from Pohang University of Science & Technology have developed a high-energy, high-efficiency all-solid-state sodium-air battery that can reversibly utilize sodium and air without additional equipment. The breakthrough overcomes the challenge of carbonate formation, increasing energy density and reducing voltage gap.
Researchers at Binghamton University have developed a new 3D printing technique that uses nanotubes to reinforce additively manufactured metals, making them stronger in corrosive environments. The technique has the potential to revolutionize the field of metal manufacturing and increase U.S. competitiveness.
The new materials offer an alternative to metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and have already shown early promise for the capture of iodine. They are yet to be fully explored but hold potential for applications in proton conduction, catalysis, water capture, and hydrogen storage.
Researchers created an ultra-small vision implant with single-neuron sized electrodes, allowing for thousands of 'pixels' to be stimulated simultaneously. The implant's unique combination of flexible materials ensures long-term functionality and stability.
RMIT researchers have found that the liquid-solid boundary can fluctuate back and forth, with metallic atoms near the surface breaking free from their crystal lattice. The phenomenon occurs at unexpectedly low temperatures and is observed up to 100 atoms in depth.
A new study finds that warming climate is causing a doubling of copper, zinc, and sulfate concentrations in metal sulfide-rich watersheds in Colorado's mountains. The greatest increases are seen at high altitudes, where natural chemical weathering of bedrock is the source of rising acidity and metals.
Researchers discovered an alloy with exceptional strength and toughness across a wide temperature range, outperforming even cryogenic steels. The alloy's unique properties are attributed to the formation of rare kink bands that enable it to resist bending and fracture.
Volunteers collected nearly nine tonnes of marine litter from beaches across the Seychelles between 2019 and 2023. The clean-ups, led by the University of Plymouth, demonstrate the potential of citizen science to address marine pollution challenges.
A new defect-ordered layered halide perovskite was discovered, shedding light on how order can emerge through defects in hybrid organic–inorganic compounds. The compound's optical bandgap increased with the concentration of ordered defects in the lattice, presenting a new strategy for tuning perovskite properties.
Researchers developed a multifunctional drug delivery system that can carry both hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds, overcoming previous limitations in conventional methods. The system utilizes switchable peptide-stabilized emulsions, allowing for precise release of drugs in tumor cells.
Researchers at Doshisha University have developed a new method to electrochemically synthesize acetylene from carbon dioxide and water, using high-temperature molten salts and metal carbides. This approach offers advantages over conventional synthesis pathways, including the direct use of CO2 as feedstock and reusable electrodes.
Researchers from Tsinghua University propose a novel process to convert cutting chips into unique microstructures, transforming waste into valuable materials. The finding has potential applications in enhanced heat transfer, anti-icing, and antibacterial properties.
A research team developed an anode protection layer to prevent random electrodeposition of lithium, promoting stable 'bottom electrodeposition' and reducing unnecessary consumption. The breakthrough results in all-solid-state batteries with stable electrochemical performance over extended periods using ultrathin lithium metal anodes.
A new study by the University of Sydney has found that adding molybdenum to steel reinforced with metal carbides enhances its ability to trap hydrogen. This discovery is a significant step towards solving the multi-billion-dollar problem of hydrogen embrittlement in steels.