Articles tagged with Climatology
Researchers use fiber-optic cables to detect hidden crevasses within glaciers, improving stability monitoring. This method reveals over 8% of ice volume was hidden, impacting glacier stability and sea levels.
Climate researchers have discovered a significant increase in neighborhood-level hurricane warnings, widespread wildfires in the US, and unprecedented changes in Earth's energy budget. These findings suggest that greenhouse gases are driving these trends, with smoke and fire-related carbon emissions rising due to increased aridity.
A new UN University publication reveals that many people in England fail to take action to protect themselves during heatwaves despite receiving warnings. The most common reason is a lack of perception of personal risk, highlighting the need for improved communication and long-term adaptation strategies.
A new study reveals that European mountain summits are warming, leading to changes in alpine vegetation, but the link between temperature and these changes is surprisingly weak. Long-term monitoring shows that local conditions, such as the presence of warmth-associated species, play a crucial role in shaping vegetation responses.
Historical data analyzed reveals the famous flood of 1342 was part of a 16-flood event series lasting almost two years. This study provides insights for modern flood protection strategies, highlighting the need to anticipate multiple major floods in quick succession.
Researchers used fossilized leaf cells to recreate tree canopy of PETM, a period of global warming comparable to today's climate. The study found widespread browning of landscapes and reduced rainfall triggered by volcanic carbon release.
Researchers argue that addressing climate change requires a new approach, one that considers the strong coupling between climate and society. The authors propose the 'Möbius-based Coupling Climate-Social System' framework, which identifies three principles: human-environment coupling, telecoupling, and strategic coupling.
A 300-million-year-old event shows that volcanic activity and orbital forcing combined to trigger rapid warming. The study reveals the importance of sustained orbital forcing in triggering positive climate-carbon cycle feedbacks, leading to massive carbon release and abrupt large-scale warming.
The 36th annual State of the Climate report reveals record highs in greenhouse gas concentrations, global sea level, and ocean heat content. Greenhouse gas concentrations reached a 53% increase from preindustrial levels, with fossil fuel emissions reaching a record high in 2025.
A review of 30 years of biochar research reveals its potential to improve soil health, support crops, and mitigate climate change. Biochar can enhance soil pH, porosity, water availability, nutrient retention, root development, and microbial activity.
Scientists have discovered a new process that forms cloud-forming particles in the Arctic atmosphere when melting sea ice meets open ocean. This combination of marine life and sunlight releases a chemical mixture that seeds the sky with particles, increasing cloud cover and affecting global climate.
A new SwRI study provides the first evidence of recent liquid flows to Pluto's surface, suggesting that liquid nitrogen is rising from beneath the Sputnik Planitia glacier. This finding, based on data from NASA's New Horizons spacecraft, indicates a new kind of time-variable feature on Pluto.
A new study warns that ambitious climate pledges may lead to a 12.8% reduction in global cropland by 2100, compromising food security. The impact could be unevenly distributed, with countries in the Global South and South America facing significant losses.
A three-year field experiment found that warming accelerates nitrogen cycling while promoting retention in protected soil pools. This changes where nitrogen goes and how securely it is stored, potentially helping develop climate-resilient nitrogen management strategies for rice production.
A recent study published in Science Advances has discovered a key transport pathway for nutrient-rich organic particles to depths of over 1,000 metres. The large-scale winter upwelling of surface water rapidly delivers these particles, introducing them directly into the ocean circulation.
Researchers developed an open-source tool RIME-X to generate regional climate and impact projections while capturing uncertainties. The new method combines simple climate models with regional information from multi-model climate and impact model ensembles, producing scenario- and time-dependent probability distributions.
The American Meteorological Society recognizes individuals and organizations making a positive difference in the world through fundamental research, public engagement, teaching, and informed decision-making. This year's honorees include Rong Fu, Paola Cessi, Sharon Nicholson, Renhe Zhang, Christian Kummerow, and David Thompson.
A new holistic scoring system for dietary protein evaluates environmental impact, health, affordability, and availability. The analysis found plant-based foods dominate the highest-scoring quintile while animal-based products are in the lowest-scoring group.
A new study from Costa Rica's Área de Conservación Guanacaste found that high-elevation species of rove beetles are poorly equipped for warmer temperatures, while low-elevation insects live close to their heat limits. This suggests that tropical biodiversity may be vulnerable to rapid climate change.
A new study from Stockholm University found that the most severe droughts in the ancient Eastern Mediterranean arose when multiple natural climate cycles coincided. This helped explain why the drought associated with the Late Bronze Age collapse were so severe, pushing societies beyond a critical hydroclimatic threshold.
Researchers have developed a new metric to estimate air-conditioning and refrigeration energy demand, accounting for temperature and humidity. The study found that cooling efficiency has been declining by 2–4% per decade since 1971, with regions facing the steepest future increases in cooling demand expected in the Northwest, Great Lak...
New analysis reveals Arctic winter sea ice coverage declined significantly due to record lows in 2025 and 2026, reversing a brief slowdown. The study suggests that Arctic winter sea ice loss is continuing in a warming climate.
Scientists use commercially available surfing webcams to measure Oregon's coastal fog, revealing patchy fog patterns along 93 miles of coastline. The study found that airport measurements were a good indication of average monthly fog frequency, but surface weather conditions at the airport were not sufficient for real-time fog detection.
Researchers found that as salinity increases in freshwater environments, microbial communities lose diversity due to faster-growing strains taking over, but maintain overall growth rates. This effect is also observed in natural ecosystems across different environments.
A new study has mapped Europe's wetlands, identifying peatlands as the most critical type to restore for climate benefits. The map provides a basis for assessing where wetland restoration could deliver benefits for climate and biodiversity.
Researchers used experimental models to forecast 2025 Texas floods, which killed over 120 people. Models also project increased U.S. thunderstorm threat and severe weather season starts earlier in a warmer climate.
A new study reveals that temperature changes in the Indian Ocean can significantly influence winter weather thousands of kilometers away in the Eastern Mediterranean, offering new opportunities to predict damaging dry spells months before they occur. Positive phases of the Indian Ocean Dipole are linked to large-scale shifts in atmosph...
This study found that households in metropolitan areas with higher population density and income levels show stronger voluntary water conservation during drought. The AI-based scenario analysis showed that increased drought-related news coverage leads to significant water savings in these regions, but has a limited impact on rural areas.
A new study develops the first high-resolution urban air temperature dataset, providing detailed maps of air temperature across cities. This dataset helps explain why satellite-based data often overestimates heat stress and exaggerates disparities between neighborhoods.
A new study suggests that California's wine industry is under threat from climate change and wildfires, particularly in established regions like Napa and Sonoma. However, areas like Mendocino and Monterey are expected to become increasingly favorable for premium vintages due to their projected increasing climatic suitability and decrea...
The American Meteorological Society (AMS) has released a statement expressing concerns about the proposed OMB rule on federal grantmaking changes. The rule could reduce public access to weather information, slow commercialization of advances in weather science, and limit scientific collaboration.
Destination Earth is a European Union-funded initiative that aims to build a digital replica of the Earth system by 2030. The project integrates climate change adaptation and weather-induced extreme events with AI capabilities, providing flexible simulation frameworks for tailored information on impacts and potential evolutions.
Researchers found evidence of early ozone loss dating back to the late 1950s, linked to carbon tetrachloride use, in contrast to CFCs' later role. This discovery reveals that modern monitoring tools could have detected earlier signs of human-induced depletion.
Declining plankton abundance across the North East Atlantic poses a significant threat to ocean health, impacting marine food webs and carbon cycling. The study found six pelagic habitat-region combinations rated as 'Not Good' and three as 'Uncertain', highlighting the need for climate change mitigation and reduced nutrient pollution.
Climate conditions are increasingly limiting direct air free cooling in data centers, particularly across the tropics and southeastern US. Projections indicate continued expansion of these constraints with sustained warming and increasing humidity.
Research Scientists Edward Vizy and Professor Kerry Cook analyzed a storm that caused catastrophic flooding in Central Texas. They found that warmer-than-average sea surface temperatures weakened the Great Plains low-level jet, resulting in weaker storms and less intense rainfall.
The ECMWF's global forecasting system now incorporates new cloud radar data from the ESA-JAXA EarthCARE space mission, enhancing weather forecasting accuracy. This move is expected to improve predictions for extreme weather events like typhoons and heavy rainfall.
Scientists at MIT developed a theoretical model that predicts the severity of most mass extinctions based on the mismatch between environmental change and biological adaptation rates. The study successfully predicted the fraction of life that went extinct in Earth's history, suggesting that life has evolved to adapt at a similar scale ...
A Chinese research team has developed a deep learning model that can predict the South Indian Ocean Dipole (SIOD) seven months in advance, outperforming traditional dynamical forecasting systems. The model uses sea surface temperature and ocean heat content anomalies as inputs and automatically learns key features of ocean temperature ...
A two-year study found that pairing moderate drainage with biochar may reduce methane and carbon dioxide losses from agricultural peat soils. Biochar treatment reduced cumulative carbon dioxide emissions by up to 52%, while maintaining soil carbon stores.
Arctic Ocean 2050 brings together over 500 researchers and advanced technologies to generate fundamental and applied knowledge. Paul E. Renaud, new program director, will lead the initiative from October 2026, focusing on balancing conservation with resource use.
A new study reveals that fungi in Arctic fjords assimilate dissolved organic matter efficiently, retaining more carbon as microbial biomass rather than remineralizing it to CO2. This finding suggests that fungal metabolism promotes carbon retention at the seafloor and may enhance long-term carbon sequestration.
New analysis reveals Shanghai and China's coastal waters are highly susceptible to sea level rise, exacerbated by local land subsidence, river water discharge, and shifting marine currents. The study's findings highlight the urgent need for adaptive measures to mitigate these impacts.
Researchers found evidence that the Aleutian Islands' subduction beneath the North American Plate occurred at least 56 million years ago, significantly earlier than previously thought. This discovery has implications for understanding tectonic and climatic processes that shaped the Earth's history.
New studies reveal potential for 30-day forecast accuracy boosts using machine learning and explore the impact of vegetation on ocean currents during the Little Ice Age. Researchers also find that La Niña events can slow global warming by amplifying each other's cooling effects.
A study found that south-facing green walls can improve indoor thermal conditions by up to 1.7°C and enhance outdoor thermal comfort through albedo effects. Low albedo exterior surfaces also improved outdoor thermal comfort by approximately 1.5°C, while high albedo surfaces reduced indoor temperatures.
Researchers developed a new approach using NASA's PACE satellite data to observe fall colors, producing detailed leaf color maps and tracking changes. The study improves traditional greenness indices by identifying precise markers of the end of the growing season.
An international team of researchers used AI to analyse climate commitments submitted by 158 countries, finding profound inequalities persist. The study found that high-income nations focus on health and emissions reduction, while low- and middle-income countries prioritize access to basic resources like water, energy, and food security.
A new study by Tulane University researcher Sönke Dangendorf found that human-caused sea-level rise has significantly increased the frequency of extreme coastal flooding worldwide. Coastal flooding events expected once every 100 years now occur on average about 12 times more likely to occur globally.
The Earth's energy imbalance has grown to a record high, driving rapid global warming and its projected increase to 1.5°C in four years. Global greenhouse gas emissions have reached an all-time high, contributing to the acceleration of climate change.
Researchers found that ground subsidence has undergone phases of variable change, creating significant implications for coastal communities. The rate of vertical land motion is nonlinear in many coastal areas, particularly in Louisiana and the Mississippi Delta.
The 23rd World Congress of Soil Science, held in Nanjing from June 8-12, marked the first time this premier global event was hosted in China. Experts discussed urgent challenges like soil health, food security, climate change, and biodiversity conservation.
Researchers found a significant increase in Arctic icebergs since the 2000s, with stones raining down on the soft seafloor, forming new hard-substrate habitats for marine life. The presence of icebergs also poses greater risks to shipping and fisheries.
A new El Niño index compares warming in the central Pacific with temperatures across the wider tropics, providing a clearer picture of unusual conditions. The Relative Niño index is more suited for monitoring and comparing events over time, reducing sensitivity to global warming trends.
A new study from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem reveals that aerosol-cloud interactions can produce opposite climate effects in the short term and long term. In the short term, aerosols initially warm the atmosphere, but over time, the cooling effect takes over.
Research from the University of Gothenburg has found that spring storms in Europe are becoming more common, with a shift towards more intense and frequent winter storms. The study, which analyzed historical weather data from 1940 to 2024, suggests that Arctic sea ice reduction is a key factor contributing to these changes.
Mangrove forests worldwide are no longer in net decline and are now growing overall, driven by natural regeneration and expansion. The research highlights a more hopeful trajectory for these ecosystems, which play a critical role in protecting coastlines and storing climate-warming carbon.
Researchers will measure particulate matter, ozone, wind, humidity, and temperature to understand environmental response to large-scale human activity. The study aims to find a balance between development and clean air, supporting sustainable growth in the Dallas-Fort Worth area.
New research suggests that mangrove forests may not store as much carbon as previously thought, but instead release it as sea levels rise. The study found that localized areas may experience increased carbon storage, but the entire forest's storage is likely to decline over the next 100 years.
A new study suggests that balancing wetland conservation with economic development is possible through a locally adjusted policy featuring both tradeable offsets and taxes. The study estimates that this approach would retain two-thirds of private gains from trade while preventing about $1.6 billion in flood damage.