Articles tagged with Species Interaction
Researcher Margarita López-Uribe will investigate the impact of artificial selection on pollinator ecology and evolution in agricultural landscapes. She aims to characterize changes in floral functional traits, pollinator foraging behavior, and genetic underpinnings of sensory system adaptations.
A decline in black cherry regeneration is reported, suggesting that environmental changes might impact other tree species in mixed forests. An increase in pathogens and reduced nitrogen deposition in soil are identified as key factors contributing to this decline.
Researchers found that artificial light at night reduces diurnal insect visits to plants that were illuminated during the nighttime. Beetles increased their visits instead. The study's findings highlight the indirect ecological effects of light pollution and call for further research to mitigate its impact.
The review article discusses modulation strategies for 2D semiconductors, including Coulomb interaction modification and influencing factors like initial photocarrier distribution and phonon-assisted relaxation. Researchers aim to provide guidance for developing robust methods tuning photocarrier relaxation behaviors.
A genomic study of over 500 common dolphins across 1,500 sq km reveals complex population structure and connectivity across state and international jurisdictions. The research emphasizes the importance of inter-jurisdictional collaboration to mitigate fisheries interactions and protect dolphin populations.
A recent study published in Communications Biology analysed the relationship between parasite dispersal capacity and genetic introgression rates. The research found that species with higher dispersal abilities present increased genomic signatures of introgression, which could have implications for understanding parasite-host dynamics.
A study in India found that human fatalities from wildlife conflict result in much higher damages than crop and livestock losses, highlighting the need to focus on reducing negative interactions with high-risk species. The researchers estimated that farmers in conflict with elephants suffer up to 900 times higher damages.
Researchers have discovered three undesired off-cycle pathways in nickel-catalysed Negishi cross-coupling reactions, including ligand scavenging, reduction-oxidation pathways and the formation of unorthodox Ni/Zn clusters. The study provides a new understanding of the inner workings of these reactions.
The decline of freshwater mussels in Japan has heightened hybridization between native and introduced bitterling fish species, threatening the native population. The loss of host mussels increases competition for breeding substrates, leading to a cascade of extinctions.
Physicists at LMU Munich identified topological phases in a biological model system, showing a strong degree of polarization in evolutionary dynamics. The study applies solid-state physics concepts to understand the emergence of such effects in biology.
Researchers used symbolic regression to explain why some species exist in certain regions and the number of species on islands increases with age, peaking at intermediate ages. This breakthrough proposes that explainable AI is a promising field for human-machine cooperation in ecology
A study on honey bees found that individual differences in social interactions lead to universal patterns of behavior across species. Genetically related bees show fewer individual differences than humans, but still exhibit some variation in interaction frequency and food sharing.
A study published in mSphere found that gut microbiota from healthy donors can improve symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) through microbial transfer therapy (MTT). The research showed significant metabolic changes in plasma samples and modest alterations in fecal samples after the procedure.
Researchers propose a new framework to study coexistence in multi-species systems, showing that global dynamics can be predicted from pairwise interactions. The model uses time-scale separation and replicator equations to capture the essence of competition between multiple strategies.
New research by the Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund and University of Exeter reveals that mountain gorilla groups are more likely to be friendly with each other when they meet again, even if they had split over a decade earlier. This behavior is similar to human friendships and may help the group share limited space and resources.
Researchers found that cats are more likely to slow blink at their owners if they have received a slow blink stimulus, and approach the experimenter after slow blinking. This technique can provide positive communication between cats and humans, enhancing the bond and potentially improving feline welfare.
European wildcats are at risk of genetic replacement by domestic cats due to hybridization, which can lead to the loss of distinct gene pools and ultimately extinction. A new study predicts that this process could occur within 200-300 years, even with conservation efforts.
Research on fences, a ubiquitous human landscape alteration, highlights profound ecosystem consequences of movement restriction. Fences have been found to isolate specialist species, alter community composition, and disrupt turtle migration patterns.
Researchers have developed a method to break down thick biomass material using microwave pulses, reducing viscosity and breaking polymer chains. The plasma-liquid interaction forms reactive species that help degrade biomass, making it easier to produce biogas.
Researchers found that herring gulls pay attention to human gaze direction, reacting faster and more aggressively when watched than when ignored. The study also confirms the bolder nature of urban gulls compared to rural ones.
A team of researchers offers new explanations for how living systems form ordered patterns through instabilities in un-patterned systems. The study revisits Turing's theory to prove mathematically how instabilities can occur through simple reactions and widely varied environmental conditions.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital have identified key factors influencing the success of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in treating C. difficile infection. They developed an algorithm to design personalized probiotic cocktails, which contain species effective inhibitors of C. difficile and can be administered to pat...
Researchers tracked seven whitespotted eagle rays for 119.6 hours, revealing their fine-scale movement patterns and habitat use. The study found that rays prefer shallower waters during the night and faster movement in ocean habitats.
Researchers from the University of Exeter's Living Systems Institute use light to monitor individual molecule structure and properties in real-time. The team temporarily bridges molecules together, allowing for crucial insight into their dynamics.
A new Cornell University study found that 65% of bee species and 75% of flower species carried pathogens, with diseases transmitted between bees and flowers. In simplified landscapes with more farmland, the dominant bumblebee species spread pathogens across many more flowers, reducing individual bee exposure to new pathogens.
A study of 10 tree species found significant year-to-year variation in the effect of warming on tree leafing. Warming in early spring advanced leafing more than in late spring, and climate change may lead to increased risk of mistimed leafing and altered interactions between species.
A recent study reveals that marine species are shifting their populations towards the poles in response to ocean warming, with significant implications for global biodiversity and coastal ecosystems. The research found a consistent pattern of species abundance increases at poleward edges and declines at equatorward edges.
Researchers found that smaller forest fragments result in fewer species and interactions between plants and seed-dispersing birds. This leads to a loss of ecological functions, including constant forest regeneration, with larger bird species playing a crucial role in dispersing large seeds.
The Amazon rainforest could disappear within a lifetime if a tipping point is reached, according to new research. Ecosystems dominated by single species are more stable and take longer to shift, while the loss of key species like elephants can trigger rapid changes.
A new research tool allows biologists to watch in real time the cell renewal process that keeps gut tissue healthy, as well as the interactions between bacterial species that make up the microbiome. Researchers discovered regional differences in microbiome stability that mimic the regionality of stem cell activity.
Researchers found that elephants display a generalized interest in their dead, with common behaviors including touching, approaching, and investigating carcasses. This suggests that elephants may be experiencing some form of emotional response to death, potentially related to grief or memory.
A new study shows that warmer seawater with lower pH can alter the feeding habits of the peppery furrow shell, a common clam, leading to greater tolerance among surface-dwelling invertebrates. This change affects the interaction network between porewater nutrients, primary producers, and burrowing invertebrates.
Researchers identify virulence factors in Aeromonas hydrophila infection, showing microbes modulate infection progress and strain interactions. The study's findings aim to develop therapies for lethal necrotizing fasciitis caused by the bacterium.
An international study found that longline fisheries globally impact migrating shark populations, with approximately a quarter of their migratory paths affected. The research used satellite tracking and big data analysis to examine shark movements at a global scale.
Scientists at the Wyss Institute successfully manipulated four bacterial strains to exhibit beneficial interactions and balance in complex environments. By modifying their genomes, they encouraged the bacteria to adopt a live-and-let-live approach, promoting resilience and diversity within the consortia.
For the first time, Guyanella clenchi has been reported from Abrolhos Bank, Brazil, shedding new light on the interaction between marine fauna from the Caribbean and Southern Atlantic regions. The discovery provides key data for understanding biogeography and improving knowledge of molluscs inhabiting the Brazilian coast.
A British-German study found that environmental factors had a significant influence on species success in the past, but became less important around 170 million years ago. The shift was attributed to the rise of planktonic algae with calcified shells, which changed the rules of evolution.
A mathematical framework describes the ecology of a microbiome-host interaction landscape, allowing for global comparisons and understanding of diverse microbiomes' associations with similar health outcomes. The framework applies equally well to traditional genetic interactions.
A new method converts evolutionary relationships into geographical relationships to make higher-resolution maps of ancient species' distributions. The analysis verified the division of nonavian dinosaurs into Northern and Southern Hemisphere groups, with some species moving between Europe and Africa during the Early Cretaceous period.
Researchers found that considering mutual dependencies between species increases the number of threatened species due to climate change. In Mediterranean regions, this effect is particularly high, with up to three times the predicted local extinctions when considering co-extinction.
Researchers from The University of Queensland and Swansea University have found that environmental conditions play a key role in animal-to-human disease transfer. This new understanding could help predict the spread of emerging infectious diseases and prepare for future outbreaks.
A new VR game, Butterfly World, aims to engage players in simulated exploration and education about relationships between butterflies, plants, and invasive species. The game fosters empathy for insect and ecosystem conservation, cultivating knowledge and reawakening latent curiosity.
Researchers found that introduced bird species on Oahu are selecting certain non-native plants to interact with, similar to native-dominated ecosystems globally. This suggests that these novel communities can be as stable as native ones, despite being composed of invasive species. However, the study highlights the importance of caution...
Researchers at University of Göttingen investigated how different data sources can be integrated for biodiversity research. They found that higher data resolution is crucial for accurate studies, but detailed data often have smaller global availability and representativeness.
A recent study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that younger groups of organisms diversify faster than older ones, challenging traditional explanations for the Tree of Life's imbalance. This suggests that time-dependent general principles govern life's diversity on Earth, operating beneath other factors
Researchers from Aarhus University discovered that insects leave tiny DNA traces on flowers they visit, revealing at least 135 different species of butterflies and insects. This eDNA method holds vast potential for tracking endangered pollinators and managing unwanted pest species.
In a study comparing chimpanzees and humans learning the same nut-cracking technique, chimpanzees acquired the skill more rapidly and reached adult efficiency earlier. The study found that teaching facilitated the acquisition of complex behaviors in both species, contradicting the assumption of human superiority in tool use.
Researchers say that scale is a key contributor to conflicts involving introduced-species management, particularly for charismatic species. These imbalances in public perception influence the way those organisms are managed, leading to difficulties in enacting policies aligned with ecosystem behavior and species invasions.
A study led by the University of California, Davis tracked over 230 Anna's and Allen's hummingbirds around urban feeders, providing insights into their interactions and health. The research found that females stayed longer at feeders than males and males overlapped their visits with other males more frequently than with other females.
Researchers have found that individual species in the gut microbiome account for only a quarter of the effect on fly lifespan, while interactions between species play a crucial role in determining fitness. The study highlights the importance of understanding complex microbiome interactions to better comprehend human health.
A team of researchers has successfully created a Bose-Einstein condensate of Dysprosium and Erbium atoms, demonstrating quantum degeneracy of these species. This achievement opens up novel research possibilities for dipolar quantum matter due to the long-range interaction among the two species.
Scientists developed an interactive database with 27 species, including a new species Pteromalus capito, to demonstrate the advantages of modern taxonomic software. The software Xper3 enables fast and efficient identification, reducing steps from 16 to 6 for one studied wasp species.
A global research team led by OU professors Karl D. Hambright and Lee R. Krumholz is investigating the complex interactions between cyanobacteria and associated bacteria in freshwater blooms. The team aims to discover new avenues for bloom mitigation through a deeper understanding of microbial co-evolution.
Researchers at CCNY use network theory to predict which species are most vulnerable to extinction under climate change and when an ecosystem may collapse. The K-core metric identifies peripheral species that are likely to go extinct first, providing early warning signals for ecosystem collapse.
Research reveals that pitcher plant communities converge in terms of microbial life and small animal populations, even across different continents. The study found that Asian and North American pitchers house similar species, such as bacteria and insects, and can even mimic each other's ecosystems.
A computer simulation model developed by researchers at the University of Connecticut and others reveals how topography and climate change drive evolutionary adaptation and extinction. The model accurately reproduces maps of present-day species diversity, suggesting that changing climate during glacial cycles is a key factor in shaping...
Research reviewed by North Carolina State University suggests that cities display predicted effects of climate change, including urban heat islands and drought rates. Urban areas can show how plants and animals respond to changes in climate over long stretches of time, providing insights into potential future effects.
A new study from Ophelia Venturelli and her team at the University of Wisconsin-Madison uses dynamic modeling to predict gut microbiome behaviors, reducing the need for laborious lab experiments. The model also reveals a balance between positive and negative interactions between microbes.
New research reveals tens of thousands of sea turtles are caught each year by small-scale fishers off South America's Pacific coast, with over 16,000 killed. The study highlights Ecuador and Peru as key places to tackle this issue, which threatens critically endangered species like leatherbacks and hawksbills.
A new study by HKU researchers found that land-use changes significantly influence species distribution shifts in response to climate change. In cooler regions, forest loss slows down species migration, while deforestation accelerates it in warmer areas.