Articles tagged with Image Processing
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new computer algorithm at the University of Washington reconstructs an entire city, including landmarks like the Colosseum and St. Peter's Basilica, from 150,000 tourist photos in about a day. The tool uses a faster code that works over 100 times faster than previous versions, making it possible to tackle more ambitious projects.
Researchers from Oregon State University create the most complete seismic image of the Earth's crust and upper mantle beneath the Himalayas. The study reveals unusual geologic features that help explain how the region has evolved and advances research on various fronts, including strain accumulation prior to large earthquakes.
The Stanford camera, also known as Frankencamera, is an open-source digital camera that will give programmers the chance to create software that teaches cameras new tricks. With the camera's operating software made available publicly, users can continuously improve it, adding their own algorithms to process raw images in innovative ways.
Research shows that the brain uses the same neural networks to process both familiar and newly learned words, with no clear differences in function. New definitions are learned even faster than new names, indicating a possible link between meaning retention and brain activation patterns.
Research found that brain processes living and non-living objects in different areas, regardless of visual experience. The brain categorizes objects based on their functional importance, such as edibility or spatial awareness.
By studying how flies process visual signals in their tiny brains, researchers hope to develop robots that can interpret camera pictures and react accordingly. This is crucial for creating safe human-robot interactions and efficient robotic systems.
Researchers develop modified recurrent Hopfield neural network to quickly process images, reducing distortion, noise and blurring. The approach shows significant improvement in image quality by 39-67% and takes half the time of other methods.
Rhesus monkeys demonstrate configural face perception, recognizing friends from foes based on facial feature layout. This ability has been conserved through primate cognitive evolution for 30 million years.
Researchers at Georgia Tech are creating programming tools to enable defense engineers to leverage the processing power of GPUs without requiring specialized knowledge. This development aims to address computational bottlenecks in complex radar and sensor systems.
A University of Toronto study shows that people in good moods see more information, while those in bad moods experience tunnel vision. This suggests that our mood affects the way we process visual information.
The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) is establishing 14 new Research Training Groups to promote young researchers in Germany. These groups will focus on innovative areas such as fluorine chemistry, institutional transition in East Asia, and frequency effects in linguistics. The funding recipients will work closely with foreign uni...
Researchers constructed a nearly complete globe of Mercury using high-resolution and multispectral images, revealing its composition and origin. The study suggests that Mercury's crust formed in repeated volcanic eruptions, unlike the Moon.
Patients with schizophrenia can correctly identify a 'hollow mask' illusion, which may be related to their brains disconnecting visual information from internal thoughts. The study also found that cannabis users are less deceived by the illusion, suggesting a possible link between THC and brain connectivity.
THESEUS aims to develop an internet-based knowledge infrastructure using semantic technologies that can identify content meaning and classify it. This will enable computers to understand context and draw logical conclusions about data.
Researchers found that digital images can effectively characterize canopy coverage and light interception in tomato crops using free software and commercial cameras. The study demonstrated practical advantages over traditional methods, including the ability to measure at any time of day and without bright sunlight.
A Duke University research team observed a naïve brain organizing itself to interpret images of motion for the first time. The study revealed that individual neurons develop specific responses and become organized into functional assemblies called cortical columns.
Researchers at Caltech used electron tomography to study the transport of antibodies from mother's milk to newborns' bloodstream. The findings revealed that antibodies are shuttled through large vesicles and form 'tangled messes' before being delivered into the bloodstream.
Dinosaurs survived two mass extinctions before evolving into diverse species, taking up to 50 million years to dominate ecosystems. The research challenges the traditional view of rapid expansion and diversification.
The new technology characterizes particle shapes using a probe that collects images of the crystallization process, enabling pharmaceutical companies to monitor and optimize processes. This approach has the potential to revolutionize the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector by achieving 'Six Sigma' quality standards.
A new study published in PLOS ONE reveals that emotional information plays a crucial role in face recognition for individuals with developmental prosopagnosia. The research found that facial expressions and bodies can be used to design more effective assessment and training programs.
A new study suggests that global warming may lead to fewer hurricanes forming, but those that do could intensify. The research uses more accurate computer models to simulate hurricane formation and finds that warmer ocean temperatures suppress formation rather than encouraging it.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have developed a new imaging technique that allows for the capture of ultra-fast dynamics of solid materials at the nanoscale. This breakthrough enables the study of previously inaccessible phenomena such as fracture, shock formation and phase growth.
Researchers produce 'quantum images' pairs of information-rich patterns whose features are entangled by quantum physics, offering improved detection and amplification of light beams. The technique may also enable storing data in quantum computers and transmitting encrypted information.
The University of Miami's CSTARS will host a library of high-quality images collected via spaceborne C-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) to aid in understanding hurricane and typhoon dynamics. The database will provide approved scientists with free access to imagery that can help shape storm models and resource distribution.
Researchers develop a system that transmits unprocessed medical images via cellular phones, enabling sophisticated radiological diagnoses and treatment in remote areas. The technology uses electrical impedance tomography and reduces costs by simplifying the apparatus at patient sites.
Researchers at UC Berkeley developed a system that uses cell phones for medical imaging, reducing costs and increasing accessibility. The system consists of a data acquisition device connected to a central server where the image is processed, making it possible to view images on a cell phone screen.
Men and women mistakenly identify friendly images as sexually interested, with men misjudging 12% and women 8.7%, according to a study by Indiana University researchers. The findings support the theory that young men struggle to interpret non-verbal cues, leading to incorrect assumptions about others' intentions.
Researchers reconstructed neural network in Drosophila's medulla, identifying full complement of neurons involved in color vision processing. The study provides a paradigm for understanding how color vision is processed in more complex systems, such as vertebrates.
Researchers found that consumers associate animal logos more strongly with themselves than traditional product-related logos. This association enhances brand evaluation and recognition. The study's findings challenge conventional branding wisdom, suggesting unique visual identifiers can be effective in marketing.
Researchers at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston conducted the first empirical study on how populations of nerve cells in visual cortex adapt to changing images. The study's findings could lead to improved visual function following trauma or stroke.
Researchers found that new imaging techniques like NBI and AAC improved image quality, but did not lead to better diagnosis or agreement among endoscopists. The study suggests that these techniques may offer limited clinical relevance in diagnosing esophageal abnormalities.
A study published in Psychological Science found that our grasp reflects the real size of objects, not their apparent size, even when they appear distorted through optical illusions. This supports the two visual systems hypothesis, which suggests that our brain has two separate systems for processing images and controlling actions.
Researchers found that face recognition is more difficult when target faces are surrounded by upright faces, indicating that images of upright faces interfere with each other. The study's findings have implications for individuals with face-recognition disorders and may inform the development of efficient artificial visual systems.
Scientists at NIST made direct measurements of thin polymer film expansion and collapse in photolithography, revealing a complex chemistry that affects transistor performance. The findings offer new insights into modifying resist chemistry to control swelling and achieve optimal edge resolution.
People with BDD perceive themselves as ugly and disfigured, despite normal brains. Functional imaging reveals abnormal brain processing of visual details, with the left side activated more often than in controls.
A Purdue University research team captured an image of the protein gate complex that allows materials to enter cells, providing insights into disease mechanisms. The discovery may lead to more effective treatments for diseases like cancer and cystic fibrosis by inhibiting or activating this mechanism.
Researchers developed Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Microscopy, a novel technique that produces crisp three-dimensional images from out-of-focus data. This method can perform high-speed, micron-scale imaging without time-consuming processing or sectioning of tissue.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota discovered that erotic images can trigger unconscious brain responses in individuals based on their gender and sexual orientation. The study found that even when subjects were unaware of the images, they shifted their visual attention accordingly. The results suggest that the brain processes v...
Researchers used functional magnetic resonance imaging to study brain activity during sensory processing and introspection. They found that sensory processing activated the sensory cortex, while introspection activated the prefrontal cortex, which was silenced during intense sensory engagement.
Researchers used fMRI to show that a brain region called the intraparietal sulcus is activated when both four-year-olds and adults perceive numerical quantities. The study suggests that basic math skills are laid down early in development and continue to process mathematical information into adulthood.
The Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) is providing $10 million in grants to 12 US universities to develop innovative graduate education programs. The programs aim to produce scientists with knowledge and skills to conduct research at the intersection of biomedical, physical, and computational sciences.
A study published in PLoS Medicine found that people with Alzheimer's disease have difficulty suppressing irrelevant brain activity, which can lead to cognitive impairments. This defective focusing process is characterized by reduced cross-modal inhibition, where auditory and visual processing areas are not properly deactivated.
Research by Vanderbilt University psychologist David Zald found that emotional images can lead to a phenomenon known as 'emotion-induced blindness,' where individuals fail to detect subsequent visual images. This effect is linked to personality traits, with those scoring high on harm avoidance being more affected.
Researchers found that intrinsically photoreceptive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are present at birth and act as functional photoreceptors, providing input to the suprachiasmatic nucleus. This discovery has implications for the effect of light on early retinal development.
The University of Manchester is developing a state-of-the-art Vision Chip that will enable robots to respond to events and multitask like humans. The chip, based on the retina of the human eye, will process complex images at rapid rates, allowing robots to react in real time.
A new 'bionic eye' system aims to restore some degree of sight for people with degenerative retinal diseases like retinitis pigmentosa. The system, developed by ophthalmologists and physicists, uses a tiny camera and computer processor to directly stimulate the inner retina with visual signals.
Researchers found that people rapidly categorize objects before they identify them, contradicting the long-held assumption that object recognition begins with categorization. This built-in process enables fast and efficient visual perception, facilitating survival and interaction with the environment.
Researchers found neural patterns in adult ferrets' visual cortex correlated with images viewed, but not in young ferrets. Adult ferret brains showed 80% processing activity even in darkness, suggesting the basis of comprehending vision may differ in young and old brains.
A University of Colorado at Boulder research team has located a massive body of rock that sank into Earth's mantle 3.5 million years ago, allowing the Sierra Nevada mountains to rise. The study used high-tech instruments to image the geology to 125 miles below the surface.
Researchers found that visual perception can stabilize in ambiguous conditions, independent of the memory of object identity. The mechanism underlying this stabilization is linked to the removal of local adaptation and depends on the stimulus location.
A UCL study found that empathy for pain involves the affective but not sensory components of pain, and is triggered by the perception of a loved one's pain. The researchers discovered specific brain regions are activated when observing another person in pain, highlighting the emotional representation of internal bodily states.
A new study suggests that individuals with autism can develop face recognition skills through specialized training. The research found that the fusiform gyrus, a brain region responsible for face processing, is activated in adults with autism, but requires training to function properly.
A new RIT study aims to improve the quality of art imaging in American museums by documenting current practices and developing new testing procedures. The project will also increase the scientific level of museum imaging professionals.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon developed a smart system that improves darkened photographs by digitally adding light to shadows. The tool, called Shadow Illuminator, uses principles based on human vision processes to enhance details within shadows.
A digital imaging system is being developed to automate the inspection process at a bakery, allowing for faster and more accurate quality control. The system uses computerized vision technology to identify imperfections in bread rolls and automatically remove them from production lines.
Researchers have developed a new method called kinetic visualization that uses colored dots and motion to present three-dimensional scientific or medical data. This technique allows computers to display data in a different way, providing shape information and attracting attention to important areas.
Research at Cornell University found that cooking tomatoes enhances nutritional value by increasing lycopene content, a powerful antioxidant. Vitamin C levels decrease with heat, but antioxidants in cooked tomatoes increase, potentially reducing chronic disease risk.
A new type of analog processor, compact and fast for image processing, has the potential to replace damaged human retinas with an artificial eye. The cellular nonlinear network (CNN) chip is integrated with a camera to produce an image processor, mimicking the functions of the retina.
Research by Marlene Behrmann seeks to understand how the human brain interprets visual information, enabling us to recognize objects and locations. Her work aims to shed light on the neural processes underlying visual mental imagery and its relationship with perception.
The University of Colorado at Boulder has acquired two state-of-the-art electron microscopes, enabling researchers to image cellular structures in three dimensions at unprecedented resolution. This advancement is made possible by a suite of complementing computers that run programs developed by CU-Boulder researchers.