Articles tagged with Image Processing
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet found that people can be conditioned to associate images with specific pain responses without conscious awareness. This study suggests that unconscious learning may have a significant impact on higher cognitive processes, including pain perception.
Researchers at MIT have created a system that can label visual scenes according to type and also detect particular objects. The system uses deep learning and achieved an accuracy of 50% in labeling scenes, outperforming human performance in some cases.
Scientists have discovered that uncertainty in causal relationships is the main factor in determining one-shot learning. The ventrolateral prefrontal cortex evaluates such uncertainty and activates one-shot learning when needed. This finding could lead to new approaches for helping people learn more efficiently.
A team of scientists has captured live images of taste cells on a mouse tongue, showing that each taste bud contains cells for different tastes. This breakthrough complements recent studies on the brain areas associated with taste and may lead to new experiments to monitor brain activity while imaging the tongue.
Researchers at Ruhr-Universität Bochum used CT imaging to examine the buoyancy of ammonite shells. Their analysis suggests that ammonites could have swum freely in water after hatching, contradicting previous theories.
Tropical Cyclone Olwyn has formed in the Southern Indian Ocean and is forecast to make landfall near Cape Cuvier in Western Australia. The cyclone is intensifying and moving south-southwest at 12 knots, with maximum sustained winds of 55 knots.
A team of scientists and art conservators used a simple light bulb, SLR camera and computational power to uncover new details of Gauguin's printmaking process. The technique allowed them to measure the surface structure of prints, revealing that white lines were on a flat surface and ink sat atop ridges in the paper.
A new approach uses progressively trained deep convolutional neural networks to analyze sentiments in images. The method outperforms existing techniques on Twitter image sentiment analysis, even exceeding text-based sentiment classification on the same messages. This technology could inform economists and predict election outcomes.
A new image processing technique developed by Disney Research Zurich enables video effects like detailed actor faces despite lighting changes. The local tone mapping method preserves rich visual detail while eliminating ghosting and camera noise.
Researchers developed a method to securely display 3D images on smartphones by scanning QR codes without accessing the Internet. The system uses integral imaging and encryption to protect data, ensuring only authorized devices can access the content.
The new lattice light sheet microscope collects high-resolution images rapidly, minimizing damage to cells. It enables biologists to visualize the three-dimensional activity of molecules, cells, and embryos in fine detail.
Using Structure-From-Motion Photogrammetry, researchers are creating high-resolution 3-D models of cliff formations in Colorado and Utah. This approach allows for detailed analysis of layered rock formations and the impact of erosion on landscape formation.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that brain activity can predict abstract judgments, such as time reference, even when participants were unaware. The research also sheds light on how images can prompt people to think about the present or future, contributing to our understanding of impulsive behaviors.
Researchers identified theta and beta wave activity associated with fear processing in the brain, including early increases in theta activity and a left lateralized desynchronization of the beta band. This study provides insight into how the brain prioritizes threatening information over other cognitive processes.
Robo Brain is a large-scale computational system that learns from publicly available internet resources. It will process images to pick out objects and connect them with text to recognize patterns and behaviors. The system employs structured deep learning, allowing robots to understand how the world works and interact with humans.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics have developed a method to capture detailed three-dimensional images of cardiac dynamics in zebrafish. By combining high-speed Selective Plane Illumination Microscopy and clever image processing, they reconstructed multi-view movie stacks of the beating heart.
A new type of Digital Zenith Telescope prototype has been developed in China, utilizing CCD camera and high-precision tiltmeter to improve efficiency and accuracy. The instrument can measure the deflection of the vertical and variations of the local plumb line, with single-observation accuracy up to 0.15-0.3
Researchers found psilocybin inhibits amygdala activity, weakening negative stimuli processing and correlating with enhanced positive mood. This mechanism may lead to novel treatments for depression and anxiety disorders.
Researchers have discovered five new debris disks around young stars in the Hubble archive, providing insights into planetary system formation and evolution. The disks are composed of dust particles formed from asteroid collisions and offer a glimpse into the early solar system.
A neurofinance study confirms that financial decisions are influenced by emotions and previous experiences, leading to increased risk-taking behavior after losses. The study used operational magnetic resonance imaging to analyze brain activity during risk-taking choices, revealing a link between emotional reactions and risk acceptance.
An interdisciplinary team of researchers at KIT developed a technique to record 3D X-ray films showing internal movement dynamics in spatially precise and temporal manners. The scientists applied this method to a living weevil, generating complete 3D film sequences in real-time or slow motion.
Jayan Thomas is working on creating materials for a 360-degree 3D image without glasses. His research has led to a $400,000 NSF grant to develop display screens using nanotechnology.
Researchers at the Ames Laboratory have developed a new method to generate broadband terahertz waves using metamaterials. This innovation has the potential to revolutionize fields such as non-invasive imaging and sensing, as well as high-speed information communication, processing, and storage.
Researchers at MIT found that the human brain can identify concepts in images presented for 13 milliseconds, challenging previous assumptions about visual processing speed. The study suggests that
Recent model calculations suggest that Earth's primary crust formed during the Archean eon was so dense it subside into the mantle. This process, known as delamination, triggered a return flow of mantle material to form new crust.
A new study by Claudia Townsend and Barbara E. Kahn found that visual presentation can lead to information overload and result in less systematic consideration when making a purchasing decision. Small image sets are key to reducing visual overload, promoting more careful review of options.
Researchers found that brainwaves indicate the brain processes and understands hidden objects in everyday life, despite the subjects not consciously perceiving them. The study challenges existing models of how the brain processes visual information, suggesting a more complex role for the brain in interpreting visual input.
A new Northwestern University study tracked the auditory system's response to highly complex auditory-visual stimuli like music and moving images. The research shows that the left auditory cortex specializes in processing precise timing for sounds and applies this ability to encode auditory-visual synchrony, but only in certain situati...
A new USC study found that the brain activates more strongly to watching hateful people suffer compared to likable individuals. The 'pain matrix' of the brain is thought to be involved in processing complex social situations, and this study suggests it may prioritize monitoring enemies over loved ones.
TNO researchers Alexander Toet and Maarten Hogervorst win the Rudolf Kingslake Medal for their work on statistical mapping approach for night-vision applications. The paper presents an overview of their progress in achieving color constancy and computational simplicity.
The Journal of Medical Imaging will cover fundamental and translational research and applications focused on photonics in medical imaging. The journal will mirror the scope of the annual SPIE Medical Imaging symposium, covering topics such as imaging physics, tomographic reconstruction algorithms, image processing, and more.
Scientists have finally mapped the brain region responsible for numerosity, distinguishing between small and large quantities. The discovery reveals a topographical layout of numerosity in the human brain, with neurons organized to facilitate communication and interaction over short distances.
A study by Davide Zoccolan and colleagues found that the anterior inferotemporal cortex (IT) categorizes objects based on visual similarity, except for four-legged animals which are represented by semantic meaning. The IT retains a 'raw' lower-level coding of object properties like color and size.
Researchers at Harvard University are developing new techniques to improve digital imaging, including a method to mimic the appearance of translucent objects and optimize screen hardware for adaptive displays. Their work has the potential to advance artificial vision, 3D displays, and video editing.
Researchers found that individuals who look at the tip of the nose or mouth can identify faces with equal accuracy as those who gaze below the eyes. The study sheds light on the complexities of face recognition, suggesting that people develop distinct optimal strategies to maximize identification accuracy.
Researchers at Saarland University used DESY's x-ray source to study the transformation of supercooled liquids. They observed that these liquids transition from a 'fragile' to a 'strong' state with increasing order despite constant density, and this process was detectable in temperatures ranging from 1200 K to 800 K.
Two Salk studies reveal that neurons in area V4 of the visual cortex exhibit trade-offs between stimulus complexity and translation invariance. This challenges the existing understanding of neural processing, with implications for building more advanced computer systems and developing therapies for visual disorders.
Stanley Osher, a professor at UCLA, is awarded the 2013 John von Neumann Lecture for his groundbreaking work on non-oscillatory methods, level set methods, and l1 and TVD methods. His research has numerous applications in engineering, physics, and image processing.
Andermann's work aims to understand how hunger affects the brain and its potential consequences for obesity and eating disorders. He will use novel imaging technologies to assess neural responses to food cues.
Researchers have identified the V5 region of the brain as the site of motion prediction, enabling humans to perceive objects at predicted locations despite visual processing delays. This discovery has implications for understanding and diagnosing disorders affecting motion perception.
The 'Repentir' smart phone and iPad app uses computer vision algorithms to reveal the multiple hidden stages of a painting. Users can explore the artist's creative process by rubbing away layers or scrolling through sequence images.
The NASA Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) satellite uses its Thermal Infrared Sensor to measure the temperature of the Salton Sea, detecting cooler areas as dark and warm areas as bright.
The Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) has released its first images of Earth, revealing stunning natural-color scenes and thermal infrared bands. The new data will aid in water management by detecting temperature differences across the land surface.
A new splicing technique offers an automated way to align and connect multicore optical fibers with minimal signal quality loss. This method enables the production line deployment of these high-capacity fibers, which can carry up to 10 terabits per second.
A new processor chip developed at MIT can convert amateur smartphone photos into professional-looking images in a fraction of a second. The chip uses a bilateral grid method to organize and store data, allowing it to avoid blurring across edges while enhancing lighting in dark scenes.
A UT Arlington bioengineer has created a hybrid imaging system that uses light and sound to produce accurate images of deep tissue, overcoming the challenge of invasive biopsies. The technology could revolutionize the way doctors examine patients, allowing for non-invasive evaluation of intact tissue with improved depth portrayal.
Astronomers Robert Gendler and Jay GaBany combined archival Hubble images with their own ground-based observations to create a detailed photo illustration of the galaxy. The resulting image reveals the optical component of the galaxy's 'anomalous arms' and provides insights into the galaxy's structure and composition.
Researchers share code for Amazon Cloud that significantly reduces time necessary to process super-resolution images, enabling biologists to study molecular machines like proteins and enzymes in greater detail. The method saves over a week's worth of time, making it possible to analyze data within hours instead of days.
The National Science Foundation has announced the 53 winners and honorable mentions of the 10th annual International Science & Technology Visualization Challenge. The contest, which received over 200 entries from 18 countries, featured outstanding visualizations that showcased complex scientific concepts.
The new telescope, with a 100m x 100m collecting area, will scan half of the sky daily and synthesize an image of the sky nearly one billion times per second. The CHIME telescope aims to map a quarter of the observable universe, helping scientists understand the history of the Universe and dark energy's role in its expansion.
The Deshpande Center has awarded grants to ten MIT research teams working on early-stage technologies with the potential to significantly impact various fields. These projects aim to develop new technological innovations in areas such as cancer treatment, computation, and food production.
Training human volunteers to control their own brain activity enhances visual sensitivity, according to a new study. The non-invasive neurofeedback approach uses real-time brain imaging to enable participants to watch their brain activity on a screen.
A team of researchers from the Public University of Navarre has developed a new algorithm for improving the real-time capture of 3-D images, enabling applications in fields like 3-D video recording and intelligent systems. The technique uses stereoscopic vision to compare pairs of images and yields better results than previous algorithms.
By using high-powered X-ray laser, researchers stripped a record 36 electrons from a xenon atom, achieving a previously unachievable positively charged state. This breakthrough will help create new states of matter and produce higher-quality images of nano-world objects.
Researchers discovered that fruit fly larvae with simple eyes can assemble complex images using rapid head scanning, challenging traditional views on vision. The study suggests the brain plays a crucial role in processing visual input, enabling organisms to recognize details and patterns despite limited visual acuity.
Researchers mapped auto enthusiasts' brain activity and found that their fusiform face area responds to both faces and cars. The study suggests that expertise in one domain can improve performance in another, potentially aiding treatments for individuals with difficulty recognizing faces.
A new method uses fusion of photographs taken from different angles to create reliable reproductions of paintings, eliminating the need for sophisticated illumination and acquisition requirements. The postproduction process is fully automated and can be done with a commercial hand-held camera.
Fiji, an open-source platform, has become a de facto standard for biomedical-image processing, offering improved precision and accessibility. The platform, created by researchers, allows application sharing and plug-in development, driving collaboration and innovation.
Thomas A. Goldstein receives the prestigious prize for his groundbreaking work on split Bregman iteration and its applications in compressed sensing and image processing. The award recognizes his outstanding research in applied mathematics, particularly in numerical methods for optimization problems.
Sparse microwave imaging combines sparse signal processing theory with microwave imaging to improve resolution and reduce system complexity. The new concept enables faster calculation of large-scale scenes, making it suitable for wide mapping swath applications.