Articles tagged with Symmetry
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at University of Illinois discover key connection between symmetry and Mott physics, providing new insight into high-temperature superconductivity. They found that breaking a hidden symmetry destroys Fermi liquids, implying that all models of Mott insulators must break this particle-hole symmetry.
Researchers discovered a phase transition from charge-density-wave order to electronic nematicity in Kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5 at 35 Kelvin. This novel nematicity has Z3 symmetry, distinct from high-temperature superconductors.
Researchers have found a new method to induce the piezoelectric effect in materials that are otherwise not piezoelectric. This breakthrough could lead to the development of biocompatible materials with properties similar to common lead-containing materials, and has the potential to expand the design of new electromechanical devices.
Researchers at University of California - Riverside observe time crystals in a system not isolated from its environment, achieving a major breakthrough. The all-optical time crystal uses a disk-shaped magnesium fluoride glass resonator and has potential applications in accurate measurements and precision timekeeping.
Researchers at TU Darmstadt and Universitat Politècnica de València used HPC resources to develop a new symmetry-based turbulence theory, resolving the closure problem of turbulence. This approach allows for reduced computational grid size and direct access to mean values like air pressure and speed.
The team's achievement marks a significant step towards discovering physical phenomena where symmetry breaks down, which could explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe. The researchers plan to use the new optical clock to search for time symmetry violation and make large steps towards discovery.
Scientists at Vienna University of Technology have developed a new type of neural network that can accurately simulate the quark-gluon plasma, a state of matter present in the early universe. The networks use gauge invariant convolutional neural networks to recognize patterns and predict properties of the plasma.
Researchers have discovered a new electronic nematic phase in twisted double bilayer graphene, which breaks the material's symmetry and allows for the re-alignment of electrons. This finding adds to our understanding of graphene-based systems and may hold implications for the study of superconductivity.
Researchers develop theory on exploiting space reflection and time reversal symmetries to control transport and correlations in quantum materials. The discovery may lead to the design of future quantum devices relying on strong correlations and exceptional points in oligomer chains.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science have reported the first-ever observation of long-range ferromagnetic order in icosahedral quasicrystals. The discovery was made using conventional X-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat measurements.
The team of researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a generalized spin current theory that accounts for various multiferroic scenarios and provides a transparent toy model for electric polarization. The study demonstrates how the new theory can effectively rationalize the properties of multiferroic materials.
Researchers investigate crystal-orientation dependence of HHG in WS2 and MoSe2, revealing polarization direction of odd-order harmonics follows the driving laser field. Crystal symmetry flips affect high-harmonic signals.
Researchers discovered a novel topological edge soliton that inherits topological protection from its linear counterpart, enabling robust and localized light beams. This breakthrough is achieved through nonlinear photorefractive lattices harnessing the valley Hall effect, without requiring an external magnetic field.
Rice University researchers have developed a method to control the growth of tetrahedron-shaped nanoparticles, which can be used as building blocks for unique metamaterials. The team discovered that balancing thermodynamic and kinetic forces during crystallization allows for symmetry breaking, forming pyramid-shaped nanocrystals.
An international team of scientists, led by Professor Owen Long, explored supersymmetry as an extension of the Standard Model. They conducted experiments at the Large Hadron Collider and found no signs of supersymmetric particles, but their null result is still a significant scientific progress.
A novel machine learning approach has been developed to understand symmetry and trends in materials, enabling researchers to group similar classes of material together. The technique uses a large, unstructured dataset gleaned from 25,000 images to identify structural similarities and trends.
The 2021 Fall Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics presents cutting-edge research on nuclear astrophysics, quantum technology, and rare isotopes. Researchers will discuss breakthroughs such as the most precise measurement of neutron lifetime and novel experiments measuring neutron skin in calcium.
Researchers at GIST develop a non-contact, nondestructive approach to characterize crystal structures in thin films, shedding light on surface symmetries in SrRuO3. The technique offers a platform for structural characterization of surfaces and interfaces using optical techniques.
Researchers developed a modular organic molecular system with customizable properties, creating a potent dye that absorbs light in the near-infrared range. The pigments' electronic switchability makes them suitable for studying electron transfer in photosynthesis and as efficient electron-transporting materials.
Scientists at Skoltech and KTH Royal Institute of Technology predict the existence of antichiral ferromagnetism, a nontrivial property of some magnetic crystals. This phenomenon could lead to unique magnetic domains and skyrmions, distinct from conventional chiral textures.
Researchers from FAU and partners discover a microswimmer propelled by symmetrical oscillations, contradicting the Scallop theorem. The system uses the principle of inertia to move through fluid, with smaller beads reacting faster to spring force, causing asymmetrical motion.
Physicists at MIT have successfully measured a neutron's tiny effect in a radioactive molecule, revealing small nuclear effects and providing a chance to search for subtle symmetry violations related to dark matter and the Big Bang. The team used heavy radioactive molecules with extreme sensitivity to nuclear phenomena.
Researchers from USTC realized the first on-chip valley-dependent quantum interference in silicon photonic crystals using harpoon-shaped beam splitters. The study demonstrates a novel method for topological photonics and its potential applications in complex quantum information processing.
Scientists from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have successfully created a novel optoelectronic phenomenon in MoS2 by breaking its inversion symmetry using strain gradients. This breakthrough demonstrates the potential for remote thermal sensing and opens up new possibilities for designing high-efficiency optoelectronics.
The study uses innovative imaging techniques to demonstrate the role of symmetric cell nucleus alignment in left-right asymmetric development. Collective nuclear behavior and proper nuclear positioning are found to be responsible for subsequent LR-asymmetric development of the midgut.
Goethe University is involved in four collaborative research centres funded by the German Research Foundation, including TRR 326 on uniformized structures and TRR 1039 on lipid signalling in health and disease. The centres aim to explore complex geometric spaces and develop innovative ways to diagnose and treat diseases.
Scientists at the Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat have successfully created non-Hermitian topological states in topolectric circuits, exhibiting stable and robust features. This breakthrough has far-reaching implications for future quantum technologies and may establish a milestone towards developing light-controlled computers.
Researchers develop microscopic theory of magnetoelectric effect in FeCr2O4 ferrimagnet, revealing two effective mechanisms for electric polarization and optical absorption. The study enhances prediction of electron-deformation coupling parameters, crucial for magnetostriction applications and critical temperature control.
Researchers identified a unique icosahedral quasicrystal in a red trinitite sample from the Trinity test, the first nuclear bomb detonation. The discovery reveals that similar thermodynamic conditions may produce other quasicrystals.
Researchers applied glide symmetry to dual-strip SSPP TLs, achieving flexible control of modal fields and significant suppression of coupling. This design enables compact circuits with improved signal integrity and low crosstalk.
UC Riverside researchers used a nanoscale synthetic antiferromagnet to control magnon interaction, enabling nonlinear spin dynamics. This breakthrough could lead to faster and more energy-efficient computers, as well as advancements in magnetic memory and neuromorphic networks.
Researchers have proposed a photonic in-plane nodal chain and non-Abelian nodal link stabilized by generalized quaternion charges. These structures are uniquely stable in photonics due to internal symmetries of Maxwell equations, offering new insights into topological phases.
Researchers found that shape influences internal symmetry in strontium titanate, altering its cubic to tetragonal structure. This discovery has great scientific and practical importance for electronic devices and thin-film technologies.
The LHCb experiment has probed the nature of physics for ten years, examining CP violation and symmetry between matter and antimatter. The review highlights its achievements in studying heavy quarks and their interactions, shedding light on the universe's fundamental questions.
Researchers at Ames Laboratory observe complex helical magnetic ordering in EuIn2As2, a topological compound that supports exotic electrical conduction. The discovery has significant implications for functional topological properties and may lead to advanced technology applications.
A team of researchers at the University of Tsukuba demonstrated second-order nonlinear optical effects in diamonds using internal color center defects. This breakthrough may lead to faster internet communications, all-optical computers, and quantum sensing technologies.
Researchers propose using energy loss to induce nonreciprocity, breaking Lorentz reciprocity theorem and time-reversal symmetry. This approach enables unidirectional energy transmission between main resonance modes without requiring gain, nonlinearity or magnetic fields.
Researchers have developed a new method to discover Weyl semimetals with S4 symmetry, allowing for high-throughput screening. The approach uses a novel topological invariant that can be calculated efficiently using the one-dimensional Wilson-loop method.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder have designed liquid crystals with complex symmetry structures, similar to those found in minerals and gems. The breakthrough could lead to new types of smart windows and displays with enhanced energy efficiency.
Researchers have developed a new method to detect axions, which are thought to make up 26% of the universe's energy content. The BASE collaboration used ultra-sensitive detectors in Penning trap experiments to set new limits on axion-photon coupling.
Researchers used synthetic biology to develop a genetic design that reproduces key processes in natural systems, such as symmetry breakage observed in embryos. The new platform can generate spatial patterns seen in more complex animals like Drosophila melanogaster and humans.
Researchers have developed a new type of model using synthetic biology to replicate symmetry breakage observed in embryos, enabling the creation of complex structures. The study identified essential parameters that modulate spatial pattern emergence in E. coli, paving the way for understanding embryonic development.
Scientists have discovered a new light-induced switch that twists the crystal lattice, enabling giant electron currents with nearly zero dissipation. This discovery holds promise for spintronics, topological effect transistors, and quantum computing.
Researchers at University of California - Santa Barbara have created a new way to detect dark ions using laser-cooled radium molecules. This breakthrough allows for precise measurements of ion motional frequency and mass, enabling sensitivity to time symmetry violations in quantum mechanics.
Researchers use radio telescopes to search for dark matter near neutron stars, with the goal of detecting the elusive axion particle. The study imposes strong limits on axion particles with masses between 5-11 micro electron-volt, a crucial step towards confirming the theory.
In ecological networks, synchronization and transients are unified through symmetry and stochasticity. Cluster synchronization emerges due to intrinsic symmetries of the network, exhibiting transient behavior with intermittent switching among distinct patterns.
Physicists at HKUST and Purdue University successfully simulated a system where multi-flavor fermions behave like bosons in three dimensions, a phenomenon known as bosonization. This discovery opens up new avenues for studying strongly correlated materials.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge discovered a hidden symmetry in quantum systems that allows entangled particles to remain linked despite noise. This finding could lead to the development of ultra-powerful quantum computers by preserving quantum effects in noisy environments.
Researchers have observed ideal type-II Weyl points in classical circuits, which exhibit strongly tilted band structures and linear degenerate points. These findings provide a new platform for studying Weyl physics and topological phenomena.
Researchers develop a method to create complex, low-symmetry structures by assembling organic monomers into cyclic macromolecules. These 'foldamers' mimic the properties of biopolymers and offer an ideal model system to study protein folding and interactions.
Researchers at TU Wien discovered a new type of electron emission in carbon materials like graphite, where electrons are emitted with a precise energy of 3.7 eV. The symmetry-breaking electrons cause the material to emit electrons with the properties of two different states simultaneously.
A study published in the Journal of Marketing found that consumers rate healthy foods as more natural and nutritious when they are presented in a visually appealing way, according to classical aesthetics principles. This effect can influence consumer behavior, leading to increased willingness to pay for pretty food.
Researchers have identified five cubic isomers in a tiny ice cube, including two with chirality, using a novel infrared spectroscopy technique. The study provides crucial information for understanding the formation processes of cloud, aerosol, and ice.
The Dome of the Rock's marble slabs depict two birds, which break the symmetry of the southern wall and have remained unchanged for over 350 years. Sufi traditions and stories about Solomon and the birds demonstrate their influence on the shrine's conception.
Scientists discovered a new kind of hidden symmetry in photonic crystals, leading to the emergence of triply degenerate nexus points that behave like magnetic monopoles. These nexus points enable unusual photonic band connectivities and novel transport phenomena, including spin-1 conical dispersion and canonical diffraction.
A new technique realizes PT symmetry in a single spatial resonator by manipulating polarization-dependent response, enabling effective suppression of sidemodes and stable single-mode lasing. The proposed polarimetric PT symmetry concept opens avenues for non-Hermitian photonic systems with various optical parameters.
Researchers have discovered a large family of 2D ferroelectric metals using machine learning, finding 60 stable materials with unique properties. The discovery could lead to new applications in magnetoelectric and magnetostrictive devices.
Researchers use Poincaré sections to simplify chaotic behavior, revealing underlying symmetry and structure. This insight enables a deeper understanding of quantum chaos and potential links between classical and quantum physics.
Scientists at Tokyo Tech and ICFO develop a method to generate circularly polarized light from a sphere by breaking its symmetry through electron beam excitation. This enables the precise control of phase and polarization, paving the way for novel quantum communication and encryption technologies. The approach has been experimentally v...
Researchers at Peking University discovered a new type of superconductor that remains stable in ambient conditions, exhibiting large critical magnetic fields and strong spin-orbit coupling. This macro-size system with out-of-plane spin polarization has great potential for superconducting electronic and spintronic applications.