Articles tagged with Symmetry
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A recent EU study found that VAT cuts are less likely to be passed on to consumer prices than hikes, with firms instead using the reduction to improve finances. The study analyzed over 2800 commodities and found that prices tend to rise 3-4 times more after a VAT hike.
Scientists have proposed a method to classify topological superconducting phases by examining the compatibility between different Majorana zero modes. They found new TSC phases characterized by Zh invariant in C4zT case and Zh Π Zc invariant in C6zT case, which can coexist with helical and chiral MZMs.
Researchers have experimentally observed a 0D corner state in a 3D topological circuit, which is induced by the nontrivial octupole moment of the circuit. The corner state is protected by three anticommuting reflection symmetries and exhibits robustness against certain types of disorder.
Scientists demonstrate efficient separation of valley exciton emission of a WS2 monolayer using two-dimensional all-dielectric PhC slabs without in-plane inversion symmetry. The delocalized Bloch modes play a critical role in separating and enhancing directional valley exciton emission.
Physicists at the University of Warwick demonstrate that applying a noble metal to a crystal's surface can excite its structure, enabling new electrical effects such as converting movement and heat into electricity. This technique has great potential for use in sensors, energy conversion, and mobile technologies.
Researchers at Tokyo Tech and YNU discovered a peculiar spin transport mechanism in the Kitaev model, which allows 'spin packets' to travel through seemingly unpassable regions of a quantum spin liquid system. This breakthrough has potential applications in spintronics and quantum computing.
A team of researchers found that applying pressure to a 2D halide perovskite suppressed carrier trapping and led to enhanced emission. The findings show a new phase with higher crystallographic symmetry and fewer trap states was formed after pressure treatment.
A team of researchers discovered a new chimera state in brain networks, known as the spatial multi-scaled chimera state. This state is characterized by global triviality but local chimera states, depending on coupling strengths and time-delays. The study found that regions with higher symmetry take the role of relay nodes.
Researchers examine how walking backward on a treadmill impacts sensory signaling in the brain and body to improve walking in stroke survivors. The study aims to develop more effective walking rehabilitation strategies for those with remaining walking impairment.
Researchers at Kyoto University create simplified artificial cell to investigate internal structure of cells. The team discovers two coexisting actomyosin networks with opposing functions that determine positioning symmetry.
Physicist Andrea Alù leads a team of researchers in developing a unified theory for exotic wave transport in engineered materials. The goal is to create new devices and breakthrough technology with applications in wireless communications, biomedical sciences, and energy harvesting.
Scientists from three research groups collaborate to study a unique compound that conducts electrons in different ways on its surfaces and doesn't conduct at all in its middle. They find evidence of strong and weak topological insulation properties, challenging current understanding of the material's behavior.
Researchers at PRISMA+ Cluster of Excellence and Helmholtz Institute Mainz propose a realistic path to demonstrating parity violation in molecules. They develop a special NMR measurement variable and carry out complex theoretical analyses to calculate the expected effect within the molecule.
Researchers found that the orientation and configuration of hexagonal boron nitride on bilayer graphene significantly affect Berry curvature, a stable dissipationless current. Encapsulating bilayer graphene with hBN in phase increases asymmetry and large Berry curvature.
Researchers found that the transport of electronic charge in strontium ruthenate breaks rotational symmetry, exhibiting 'electronic nematicity' similar to liquid crystals. This phenomenon may explain the material's unconventional superconductivity and could lead to the design of efficient superconductors.
Researchers have discovered a class of iron-based superconductors that spontaneously generate constant internal magnetic fields, breaking time-reversal symmetry. This discovery has enormous potential for new applications in quantum computing devices.
Researchers used the 'gene' theory to predict new families of HTSCs in cubic zinc-blende transition metal compounds. Theoretical analysis showed a d-wave superconducting state with nodes in diagonal directions, breaking time reversal symmetry.
Researchers propose a scheme to realize selective directional coupling of near-field longitudinal waves based on inherent geometric properties and symmetry analysis. The work enables the creation of Janus and Huygens sources, which selectively couple with one side or two sides of the near-field pattern, respectively.
A team of researchers at UPV's Nanophotonics Technology Center has discovered a new fundamental symmetry that allows the conservation of linear moment between dramatically different physical systems. This enables the design of pioneering optical, acoustic and elastic devices, including invisible omnidirectional materials.
Rice University researchers have discovered a hidden symmetry in the chemical kinetic equations used to model biological processes. This discovery has significant implications for drug design, genetics, and biomedical research, as it reveals that errors are controlled by kinetics rather than thermodynamics.
Researchers at Heidelberg University have successfully constructed the symmetries of quantum electrodynamics using ultracold atoms. The findings could lead to the development of large-scale quantum devices capable of simulating complex physical phenomena.
The T2K Collaboration has published new results showing the strongest constraint yet on the parameter governing the breaking of matter-antimatter symmetry in neutrino oscillations. The analysis of data collected through 2018 reveals a significant enhancement of the oscillation probability of neutrinos, favoring values close to δcp=90º.
The T2K experiment has shown that neutrinos oscillate more often than antineutrinos, pointing to almost maximum asymmetry between their behaviors. This finding offers a promising explanation for the disappearance of antimatter in the universe and may be confirmed by future experiments.
Researchers at Lancaster University's T2K experiment have found that almost half of the possible parameter values governing matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe have been disfavoured. This discovery suggests a basic property of neutrinos, one of the fundamental particles making up the Universe.
Bilaterally symmetrical flowers can restore their 'correct' orientation by moving individual flower stems or even the stalk that supports a cluster of flowers. This ability helps them attract pollinators and produce seeds. In contrast, radially symmetrical flowers lack this ability and rarely recover after an injury.
The study aims to develop a unique instrument to investigate microscopic properties of superconductors and understand the emergence of spontaneous magnetic fields. The researchers hope to fill the knowledge gap that hinders the development of new devices, including quantum computers.
Researchers at Institute for Basic Science (IBS) in South Korea have reported the first high-sensitivity results of their axion dark matter search. They used a custom-made CAPP-8TB haloscope to detect potential axions, finding no evidence within a specific mass range.
Fossils of Ikaria wariootia represent one of the oldest examples of bilateral symmetry and anterior-posterior differentiation. The discovery provides a critical link between Ediacaran and Cambrian animals.
The team discovered a tiny, wormlike creature named Ikaria wariootia, the earliest bilaterian ancestor of modern animals, including humans. The creature lived over 555 million years ago and had a distinct head and tail, with rudimentary sensory organs.
Researchers have created a 3D phononic crystal that hosts symmetry-enforced Dirac points at the Brillouin zone corners. These points exhibit conical dispersion and vanishing density of states around them, making the material an ideal platform for simulating relativistic Dirac physics.
Researchers at IAS and University of Michigan propose QCD axion as solution to cosmological excess of matter over antimatter. The QCD axion could explain three missing pieces of physics puzzle, including the strong CP problem and dark matter.
Physicists used a combination of ultrasound and machine learning to study uranium ruthenium silicide's phase transition at 17.5 kelvin. The machine-learning algorithm eliminated over half of the possible explanations, providing new insights into the material's behavior.
Scientists demonstrate a reconfigurable chiral microlaser in a symmetric WGM microcavity, achieving unprecedented control over laser directionality and chirality. The device exploits the optical Kerr nonlinearity to break symmetry spontaneously, enabling all-optical control of chirality.
Researchers studied phase transitions in ultracold gases under fluctuating magnetic fields, showing loss of symmetry in energy spectrum. The 'Hofstadter's butterfly' effect disappears as time dependence is introduced.
Researchers developed an autonomous machine learning-based method to determine crystal structure from EBSD data with high accuracy. The platform enables high-throughput evaluation of material properties, opening doors for rapid discovery and analysis.
For the first time, physicists have experimentally demonstrated that certain systems with interacting entities can synchronize only if the entities within the system are different from one another. Researchers found that identical entities naturally behave identically until they start interacting and then identified scenarios in which ...
Researchers created excited electrons that briefly doubled the frequency of a beam as it bounced off an amorphous TiO2 slab. This breakthrough widens the range of optical materials useful for micro- and nanoscale optoelectronic applications, enabling new options for creating second-order nonlinear effects.
Researchers have found a well-preserved Styracosaurus skull with asymmetrical horns, challenging traditional identification methods. The discovery reveals morphological variability in dinosaur skulls, leading to reevaluation of previously assumed species.
Researchers at Radboud University have successfully measured the absorption spectrum of C60H+, a carbon molecule with an extra proton. This finding suggests that C60H+ is probably the most abundant form of carbon in interstellar clouds, which could provide insights into the formation of planets and our own solar system.
Researchers at Columbia University have developed a new way to control the properties of two-dimensional materials by adjusting the twist angle between them. By creating multiple moiré patterns in a graphene-boron nitride device, they were able to study the effects of coexisting moiré superlattices on a layer of graphene.
Physicists from the University of Exeter have theoretically found a quantum system where time correlations survive for an infinitely long time, breaking the no-go theorem for genuine time crystals. The discovery could lead to the development of novel atomic clocks and shed light on condensed matter physics.
Scientists at Washington University in St. Louis realize a parity-time (PT) symmetric quantum system, allowing them to observe previously unexplored phenomena. The work demonstrates the potential applications of such systems to quantum computing.
The iStride Device, a patented therapeutic shoe, helps stroke patients relearn how to walk by strengthening the affected leg. Clinical trials show improved gait symmetry and functional walking in six participants, with four achieving double limb support.
Researchers have developed a new method for creating mirror-symmetric axes in the polarizations of light, enabling complex manipulations useful in optical tools and technologies. The design, inspired by kaleidoscope symmetry, allows for tightly focused fields with various shapes and introduces elliptical polarization.
Researchers at Tokyo Tech propose a new approach to build a periodic table for molecules with multiple types of symmetries. The table groups atoms by symmetry and valence electrons, enabling predictions of stable molecular clusters.
Researchers have directly observed the non-Abelian Aharonov-Bohm Effect, a predicted exotic phenomenon involving optical waves and synthetic magnetic fields. The finding may offer a step toward fault-tolerant quantum computers.
Researchers at São Paulo State University discovered that breaking time-reversal symmetry creates molecules with spin-polarized orbitals, allowing for the encoding of information. This phenomenon could be exploited in quantum computing and spintronics to develop faster, more efficient devices.
Researchers at Heidelberg University confirm theoretically predicted deviation from classical scale symmetry using ultracold lithium atoms. The study provides new insights into the behavior of systems like graphene and superconductors, revealing a stiffening effect with compression.
Researchers from NUS have developed a novel approach to confine heat within a small region of a metal ring, demonstrating the application of anti-parity-time symmetry to thermal diffusion. This breakthrough has significant implications for optimizing cooling systems and efficient heat removal in modern technologies.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new way to create complex structures in thin films using self-assembling block copolymers. The method produces novel patterns that deviate from regular symmetries, exhibiting interlocking areas with regular patterns similar to quasicrystals.
Rockefeller scientists created a 3D model of early embryonic tissues using stem cells, allowing them to simulate developmental processes in time and space. The researchers successfully demonstrated the utility of their tool by inducing symmetry breaking, a fundamental process driving embryonic development.
A new study by Hirosi Ooguri and Daniel Harlow finds that symmetry is not possible in quantum gravity when combined with the holographic principle. This breaks the long-held expectation of physicists and has several important consequences, including proton stability and magnetic monopole existence.
Scientists observe a break in a single quantum system for the first time, potentially revolutionizing our understanding of quantum interactions. By manipulating the symmetry of the system, researchers can control and predict outcomes, opening doors to exotic physics.
Researchers studied 27 deaf volunteers in Nicaragua to understand how NSL generates language; they found that symmetrical signs are fundamental to human conception of language. This discovery suggests that distinctions of symmetry are present even in isolated instances of language generation.
Researchers at Institute for Basic Science synthesize hBN single crystals of 10*10 cm2 using a new substrate with lower symmetry. The study reveals that the substrate's symmetry affects crystal alignment and provides a general guideline for synthesizing various 2D materials.
Researchers identify Aurora-A kinase as the master switch that triggers symmetry breaking and establishes cell polarity in nematode worm zygotes. The protein regulates actomyosin contractions, creating a two-stage process to establish front-rear asymmetry and lock polarity regulators in place.
The team found that the crystals of the layered bismuth chalcogenide superconductor exhibit two-fold symmetry in its superconductivity, contradicting the expected four-fold symmetry. This finding suggests a connection to nematicity, an enigmatic class of materials known for breaking rotational symmetry.
A new periodic table of droplets has been created to classify their motion, with potential applications in crime-scene forensics. The table can help analyze blood spatter patterns and identify the energies involved, aiding in the inference of what caused certain spatters.
A study published in Cell reveals that plants predominantly produce uneven, asymmetrical pollen grains for protection and not symmetrical patterns. This preference is due to the natural selection process which favors disordered, asymmetrical patterns over uniform ones.
Children spontaneously use symmetry in drawings of plant life between the ages of 4 and 7. The research found that girls use complex symmetries more frequently than boys and that complexity increases with education level. This study provides insight into children's geometrical thinking and its connection to graphical expression.