Articles tagged with Symmetry
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A group of UK researchers discovered a new type of optical activity by breaking the symmetry of metamaterials with reflected light. This enables novel applications such as polarization rotating and circularly polarizing beam splitters and mirrors, as well as optical isolators for circularly polarized light.
Researchers at UT Austin break reciprocity in conventional antennas, enabling independent control of incoming and outgoing signals with large efficiency. This breakthrough technology may lead to faster data rates, improved connections, and reduced bulky systems in various applications.
Physicist Chandra Varma's theory has been experimentally confirmed, favoring one theory and ruling out others for high-temperature superconductivity. The research opens new prospects for studying the mechanism in other systems with strongly correlated electrons.
This review article presents an extended study on the crystal and magnetic structure of multiferroic hexagonal manganite RMnO3, which exhibits ferroelectric and magnetic orders. The research highlights the importance of strong interactions between these orders, leading to unique properties.
Researchers at Lehigh University and City University of Hong Kong have discovered a way to control liquid droplet movement on extremely hot surfaces, utilizing microscale topographical features. This breakthrough could improve technologies such as power plant reactors and water management systems by reducing cooling time.
Koutschan, Kauers, and Zeilberger's paper proved the remaining conjectured formula for plane partitions, a significant experimental contribution. The work has connections to statistical mechanics, representation theory, and combinatorics, showcasing the prize-winning paper's impact on mathematics.
Geordie Williamson will receive the inaugural AMS Claude Chevalley Prize in Lie Theory for his work on representation theory, including proofs of longstanding conjectures and counterexamples to expected bounds. His research has re-opened the field of modular representations and revealed inadequate numerical evidence.
Penn State researchers develop a new symmetry operation that can reduce the number of measurements needed to find new materials. This technique uses distortion symmetry groups to analyze physical systems under stress or forces, enabling faster discovery of advanced materials with unique properties.
A new study at MIT applies the fracture mechanics theory of local symmetry to predict river network evolution. The research found that rivers grow in a direction consistent with symmetry, driven by groundwater pressure and water table height.
A Purdue University-led team observed an unexpected phase transition between two different phase categories in an ultrapure material. The transition was made possible by extreme pressures and temperatures, allowing electrons to exhibit unusual behavior.
Chalmers researchers discovered a new mechanism for breaking time-reversal symmetry in high-temperature superconductors, resulting in spontaneous magnetisation. The study utilizes a software package that leverages massive parallelization and graphics processing units to simulate realistic systems.
A recent University of Eastern Finland and Cranfield University study found that goal congruence, not power symmetry, drives the development of trust in business-to-business relationships. This finding has implications for companies seeking to establish successful partnerships across different types and sizes of organizations.
The ALICE experiment confirms a fundamental symmetry between nuclei and antinuclei in terms of charge, parity and time. The measurements were made possible by the ALICE experiment's high-precision tracking and identification capabilities.
Researchers discovered a novel self-repair mechanism in moon jellyfish, where injured animals regain symmetry through resymmetrization rather than tissue regeneration. This process relies on mechanical forces and viscoelastic properties of the jellyfish's body material to rebalance the unbalanced forces.
Researchers found evidence supporting the idea that the last common bilaterian ancestor had tentacular appendages, a concept favored by the Russian zoological school. This discovery sheds light on the evolution of chordate animals and could help refine the classification system.
Researchers analyzed octopus arm coordination in crawling and found that the animals have a unique motor control strategy to match their
A team of researchers from the University of Cambridge has proposed that electromagnetic waves are generated by symmetry breaking in dielectric materials. This discovery could enable ultra-small antennas for wireless communications and aid understanding of electromagnetism and quantum mechanics crossover.
Botulinum toxin A injections significantly improve lower lip symmetry in children with facial paralysis. The treatment is safe and has the potential to restore permanent symmetry.
A Rutgers-led team has solved a long-standing puzzle in physics by explaining the 'hidden order' of an exotic material. This breakthrough could lead to advancements in electronic technology and superconducting materials for applications such as medical imaging and high-speed trains.
Researchers found an unexpected connection between titanium-oxypnictide superconductors and familiar cuprates and iron-pnictides, providing a new family of materials to explore. The discovery sheds light on the mysteries of high-temperature superconductivity.
A Rutgers-led study measures symmetry in elite track and field athletes, finding that symmetrical knees are associated with better times. The researchers discovered that the knees of Jamaican sprinters were more symmetrical than those of non-sprinting Jamaicans, with the most symmetrical knees belonging to 100-meter specialists.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have developed a novel method for creating symmetry-breaking optical metamaterials by using a feedback mechanism to self-assemble colloidal nanorods in solution. This breakthrough solves the problem of achieving large-scale symmetric breaking, allowing for new properties and applications.
Scientists at Berkeley Lab have developed a unique microring laser cavity that can produce single-mode lasing even from conventional multi-mode laser cavities. This breakthrough holds implications for optical metrology, interferometry, data storage, spectroscopy, and communications.
Researchers at JILA have confirmed the presence of spin symmetry in strontium atoms, which could lead to breakthroughs in simulating exotic materials and understanding quantum phenomena like superconductivity. The discovery was made possible by an ultra-stable atomic clock, allowing for precise measurements of atom interactions.
Researchers investigate possible Galileon-like theories with new kinds of symmetries, potentially describing systems near multi-critical points and superfluids. Non-relativistic systems like Goldstone bosons are also considered for potential applications.
Researchers at Indiana University have successfully demonstrated the self-assembly of large, symmetrical molecules in 3D crystalline solids and 2D crystals. The 'bricks-and-mortar' approach shows promise for organic electronic devices such as field-effect transistors and photovoltaic cells.
A new study by Petri Kärenlampi refines the biological evolution model by incorporating species interactions and varying degrees of symmetry. The results show that anti-symmetric interactions lead to large, stable ecosystems, while symmetric systems remain small.
Alicia Boole Stott and Ludwig Schlaefli showed that six platonic solids have four-dimensional counterparts, featuring strange symmetries. The spinorial construction explains these symmetries, shedding new light on both three- and four-dimensional geometries.
Physicists create quantum dots with identical, deterministic sizes using a scanning tunneling microscope. This achievement opens the door to quantum dot architectures free from uncontrolled variations.
Researchers develop new computational method to design novel protein nanostructures, including cage-like proteins with symmetrical architectures. These structures may be used to deliver cancer drugs directly to tumor cells, sparing healthy cells.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have discovered a previously unknown phase in iron arsenides, which could resolve a long-standing debate about the origin of nematic order. The new magnetic phase exhibits four-fold symmetry near the onset of superconductivity, contradicting orbital theories and supporting a magnetic explanation.
Researchers eliminate a potential speed bump in quantum computing by showing that local symmetries are sufficient for fast searches. Global symmetry is not required for the quantum speedup, contrary to intuition.
A new study finds early fossil sponges exhibiting tetraradial symmetry, a four-fold arrangement of spicules, in well-preserved fossils from the Cambrian period. This symmetry was previously unknown in living sponges and suggests a more complex ancestry than previously thought.
Researchers developed new mathematical tools to understand virus symmetry, revealing insights into viral genome and protein capsid interaction. This work also applies to carbon onions, providing a basis for nanotechnology applications.
UCLA researchers analyzed dozens of studies to find that ovulating women prefer mates with sexy traits like masculine body type and facial features, dominant behavior, and certain scents. These preferences shift as the woman's cycle progresses and are thought to have been markers of high genetic quality in male ancestors.
Physicists at Jefferson Lab have made a new determination of an intrinsic quark property, setting new limits for energies needed to access physics beyond the Standard Model. The experiment probed mirror symmetry in quarks, revealing a previously isolated component of the weak force.
Researchers at UT Austin develop a compact device that breaks symmetry in sound wave transmission, allowing for one-way communication. The team's design may lead to advances in noise control, sonar equipment and wireless devices.
Researchers Hanna, Guven, and Müller used patterns on whirling dervish skirts to create mathematical equations governing cone-shaped structures in rotation. Their work enhances understanding of flexible object dynamics and pattern formation in rotating systems.
Graduate student Yash Lodha and Justin Moore describe geometric solution for von Neumann-Day problem, a centuries-old challenge in group theory. The solution involves a finite set of nine rules and has been hailed as natural and compelling enough to study for its own sake.
Scientists at PTB successfully generated and investigated symmetry-breaking in ion Coulomb crystals, mirroring the early universe. The research enables the study of quantum phase transitions and complex system dynamics.
Researchers explore the potential of quasicrystals in fundamental optics research, offering opportunities for building smaller optical circuits and creating more efficient devices. Quasicrystals' unique properties make them an attractive area of study for applications in biosensing, solar cells, and spectroscopy.
Researchers observed a long-theorized exception to time reversal symmetry, finding certain particle types change into one another six times more often in one direction than the other. The BaBar experiment provided clear conditions for a direct measurement of time violation, confirming quantum field theory.
Super Typhoon Jelawat's eye has grown to 36 nautical miles, with extreme rainmaking and symmetrical circulation. The storm is expected to make landfall near Kyoto, Japan on Sept. 30, maintaining strong winds.
Tropical Storm Nadine is battling wind shear and dry air, which are hindering its intensification. Despite reaching near-hurricane strength, the storm lacks symmetry in its cloud pattern, a crucial factor for hurricane formation.
A new study by San Francisco State University researchers found that asymmetrical forceps in male earwigs provide a competitive advantage, allowing them to dominate smaller males. In contrast, larger males with symmetrical forceps were unable to overcome smaller males with more asymmetric forceps.
Researchers Paul J Steinhardt and Luca Bindi found naturally occurring quasicrystal samples in far eastern Russia, strengthening the case that they arrived on Earth from outer space. The samples were brought to the area during the last glacial period, suggesting a meteorite hit around 15,000 years ago.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have discovered that magnetic vortex formations in ferromagnetic nanodisks exhibit asymmetric behavior, breaking the symmetry required for vortex-based data storage devices. This finding challenges the potential application of these vortices in non-volatile Random Access Memory (RAM) systems.
Recent research reveals that the spiral pattern of leaf formation affects the symmetry of tomato and Arabidopsis leaves. The study found measurable anatomical differences between the left and right sides of both young and mature leaves, identifying a previously overlooked axis of asymmetry.
Researchers discovered a commonality among superconductors, Bose-Einstein condensates, magnets, crystals, neutron stars, and cosmic strings. The Nambu-Goldstone boson theory applies to all these phenomena, predicting or designing unusual behavior in new materials.
Despite lacking a brain, brittle stars exhibit coordinated movement by designating a central arm and two rowing arms to propel it along. They can also change direction by choosing a new central arm and moving its accompanying limbs.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz have directly observed the magnetic moment of a single proton, a crucial step forward in understanding the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance. This achievement opens the way for high-precision measurements of the proton and anti-proton's magnetic moments.
Typhoon Songda has strengthened with a tighter low-level circulation center, indicating strong storms and heavy rainfall. The storm is now generating waves up to 26 feet high and tropical-storm force winds extend out to 105 miles from the center.
Scientists have identified a new type of symmetry in materials, expanding possibilities for discovering materials with desired properties. This discovery can lead to the development of novel ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials, which could be used in next-generation ultrasound devices and computers.
Researchers studying plant growth discover that universal features exist across various natural systems, including plants and animals. Alan Newell's work focuses on the mathematical models capturing these similarities.
Researchers have discovered Möbius symmetry in metamaterials, which are engineered materials with electromagnetic properties. This discovery opens the door to finding and exploiting novel phenomena in metamaterials, as the coupling constants between meta-atoms can be arbitrarily varied without constraints.
Researchers have developed a new theory that describes the way quarks 'swing' inside protons using massive quantities of random numbers. This allows for more accurate numerical calculations and provides a new understanding of the data from large research groups at CERN.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB) have discovered a universal magnetic signature among all iron-based superconductors. Despite differences in magnetism, these materials display the same magnetic resonance signal as their parent compounds, hinting at a new understanding of how superconductivity arises.
A Northwestern University team has developed a low-cost, high-throughput method for creating and mass-producing large-area nanoscale patterns using Shrinky Dinks. This solvent-assisted nanoscale embossing (SANE) method offers unprecedented opportunities to manipulate electronic, photonic, and magnetic properties of nanomaterials.
Researchers found a 'broken symmetry' where electrons arrange differently in high-temperature cuprate superconductors, enabling new research on overcoming the pseudogap phase. This discovery could lead to room-temperature superconductors by understanding how materials work and identifying key symmetries.
Materials with 7-fold rotation symmetry have not yet been observed in nature, but researchers have discovered the reason why. The density of flower-shaped nuclei plays a crucial role in determining the rotation symmetry of colloidal particles, explaining why materials with certain symmetries are rare in nature.