Articles tagged with Antibiotics
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Parents' understanding of antibiotic risks and watchful waiting approaches can significantly impact their adherence to delay antibiotic use for common childhood illnesses. By enhancing physician instruction, compliance rates with this approach could be increased, potentially reducing unnecessary antibiotic overuse.
Researchers found decreasing rates of resistance to oxacillin and other antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus, while ceftaroline remained highly active against MRSA. The study's findings suggest a potential decrease in the prevalence of community-acquired MRSA, highlighting the importance of monitoring antimicrobial resistance.
A new rapid molecular test for Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections allowed doctors and pharmacists to start targeted therapy sooner, leading to shorter hospital stays and lower readmission rates. This approach also resulted in a reduction of antibiotic usage.
Older adults with UTIs often don't show symptoms, but antibiotics can still cause harm. New research suggests that natural microorganisms in the body may help prevent UTIs. However, certain groups like pregnant women and those undergoing surgery may benefit from antibiotic treatment.
UCSB biologists develop new antimicrobial susceptibility test that mimics conditions in the body, identifying effective treatments for diverse bacteria. The revised test has significant implications for public health, allowing physicians to choose alternative drugs immediately if a standard test fails.
Researchers at Yale University have developed a novel chemical process to create a new class of antibiotics, which could help combat growing resistance. The discovery uses simple commercial chemicals to produce molecules related to the natural product pleuromutilin.
A team of researchers at Kiel University has developed a new strategy to combat multi-resistant pathogens by identifying which antibiotics can lead to increased susceptibility to other drugs. This concept, known as 'collateral sensitivity', offers hope in the fight against antibiotic resistance.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed a method to synthesize ß-lactone peptides, a new class of antibiotics, by copying bacterial enzymes. These peptides inhibit serine hydrolases and may be useful in treating cancer, obesity, and infectious diseases.
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute have discovered a way to make vancomycin, an existing antibiotic, even more potent by adding three independent mechanisms of action. This new version has a 1,000-fold increase in activity against bacteria, making it a promising alternative to combat antibiotic-resistant infections.
Researchers at the University of Buffalo discovered that combining three ineffective antibiotics can eradicate two ESKAPE pathogens, including Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The triple combination treatments provide a new weapon in the fight against superbug infections.
A recent study published in JAMA compared the effectiveness of antibiotics with and without MRSA activity for treating cellulitis. The results showed that while certain groups may benefit from these regimens, further research is needed to confirm the findings. The study also highlights limitations in the current trial design.
A new study using linked dental records shows that dentists are in good compliance with AHA guidelines on prophylactic antibiotic use. The study found no significant increase in cases of infective endocarditis following the introduction of updated guidelines.
Scientists at UCLA developed a laboratory test to determine the most effective treatment for gonorrhea. The new test led to a significant increase in the use of ciprofloxacin, from 0% to 34%, while reducing the use of ceftriaxone from 100% to 66%. This shift may help slow down the emergence of antibiotic resistance.
A study found that ER overcrowding is associated with a significant delay in sepsis treatment, resulting in increased mortality risk. Patients presenting to crowded ERs waited an average of 47 minutes longer for antibiotics compared to uncrowded ERs.
A recent study found that approximately 22.1 percent of adult patients prescribed antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia do not respond to treatment, highlighting the need for updated guidelines and more aggressive antibiotic therapy for vulnerable populations such as older adults. The study also revealed regional variations in t...
A global health threat, superbugs are bacteria resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Monash University researchers identified the first important clues on how to counter superbug strategies, using electron microscopes and comparing data from antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus samples with non-resistant strains.
The lack of access to essential antibiotics, particularly for treating sick babies and children, is a pressing concern. The high costs involved in registering medicines in multiple countries are the primary cause of this issue, combined with the relatively small market for these antibiotics.
The American College of Physicians strongly recommends the use of generic bisphosphonates or denosumab to reduce fracture risk in women with osteoporosis. The guideline advises physicians to prescribe generics over brand-name drugs and discuss medication adherence with patients.
Researchers at Imperial College London have successfully engineered baker's yeast to produce penicillin molecules, demonstrating the effectiveness of synthetic biology in discovering new antibiotics. The study could lead to the development of novel antibiotics and anti-inflammatories using re-engineered yeast cells.
Researchers at McGill University have discovered how specific bacterial enzymes, known as kinases, confer resistance to macrolide antibiotics. The study provides a detailed atomic view of the kinases and their interaction with different macrolide antibiotics, paving the way for the design of next-generation antibiotics.
A new study published in CMAJ found that many common antibiotics increase the risk of miscarriage, with a 60% to two-fold increased risk. Erythromycin and nitrofurantoin were not associated with an increased risk.
A large Danish cohort study found that antibiotic use is associated with lower enterolignan concentrations in the blood, especially for women. The study suggests that antibiotics can negatively affect intestinal bacteria's ability to metabolize plant lignans into enterolignans.
Scientists used bacteriophages to treat a patient with a deadly, antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The patient recovered well after the treatment, which could be an alternative to failing antibiotics for treating multidrug-resistant infections.
Repeated C. difficile infections are associated with higher death rates, longer hospital stays, and increased healthcare costs in Scotland. The study found that patients with recurrent infections had more than double the risk of dying within two months of admission.
Scientists have developed a new drug, PEG-2S, that combats two priority pathogens with limited treatment options. The drug specifically targets the NQR pump, preventing proliferation of harmful bacteria like Chlamydia trachomatis, and is highly targeted without toxic effects on normal cells.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology discovered over 1000 pathways in fungi to produce natural and bioactive chemicals. The findings show vast potential for fungi to produce new antibiotics, efficient production of existing ones, and potentially more effective versions.
Empyema is a potentially deadly accumulation of pus around the lungs, with a high mortality rate. New AATS guidelines provide evidence-based clinical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment, and management of empyema in adults and children.
A large study found no link between azithromycin and ventricular arrhythmia, an irregular heartbeat that can be life-threatening. Compared to amoxicillin, azithromycin was associated with a lower risk of this condition.
A recent study published in JAMA found that a single capsule of corticosteroid dexamethasone did not increase the likelihood of complete symptom resolution after 24 hours in patients with sore throats. However, at 48 hours, more participants receiving dexamethasone reported feeling completely better.
The 'handshake stewardship' program, led by Sarah Parker, MD, reduced antibacterial use by 10.3%, antifungal use by 12.1%, and overall antimicrobial use by 10.9%. The program's success is attributed to daily pharmacist-physician reviews and in-person advice on antibiotic usage.
Researchers at NSU discovered that shaking bacteria can create confusion, preventing them from coordinating an attack. This strategy has promise in reducing the need for antibiotics and combating antibiotic resistance. The team plans to test their theory in more species of bacteria and eventually in mice.
A new point-of-care testing strategy has been developed to quickly diagnose respiratory infections, including flu, allowing for faster treatment and reduced risk of antibiotic overuse. The test, which can deliver results within an hour, has shown promising results in trialling patients with acute respiratory illnesses.
Research found a heightened risk of abnormal growths in the colon and rectum among women who used antibiotics for extended periods during their 20s-50s. Long-term antibiotic use was associated with a 36% increased risk of colorectal adenomas, which may precede bowel cancer.
Researchers found a natural way to enhance antibiotic action by combining maple syrup extract with commonly used antibiotics. This approach works on various bacterial strains, including E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, allowing for up to 90% less antibiotic use while maintaining effectiveness.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have discovered non-antibiotic antivirulence compounds that prevent disease-causing toxins from forming in gram-positive bacteria. These compounds, such as F19, have shown effectiveness against various types of superbugs and may enable the use of existing antibiotics in combination therapy.
A new imaging tool can rapidly diagnose bacterial lung infections, helping prevent unnecessary antibiotic use and reducing the emergence of resistant bacteria. The bedside technology has received £2million in funding and aims to revolutionize the assessment and treatment of critically ill patients and those with long-term lung conditions.
CARB-X is investing $24 million to support 11 biotech companies in developing new life-saving antibacterials and diagnostics. The pipeline includes three potential new classes of small molecule antibiotics, four non-traditional products, and seven new molecular targets against Gram-negative bacteria.
A Virginia Tech research team found that manure from cattle administered antibiotics drastically changes the soil's microbial community, leading to ecosystem dysfunction. The amount of antibiotic-resistant genes in soil near manure piles was 200 times greater than in unaffected areas.
A meta-analysis of 404 pediatric patients found that antibiotic treatment was successful in 90.5% without increasing the risk of complications, but failure rates were higher in those with appendicolith; surgery is preferred for cases with this condition.
Chinese scientists have developed a fluorogenic probe, CVB-1, to detect the activity of multidrug-resistant carbapenemases in an assay system. This technique allows for rapid detection of antibiotic resistance activity by fluorescence, enabling specific treatment strategies and reducing the overuse of ineffective drugs.
The new guidelines cover antibiotic and corticosteroid therapy for outpatients with mild and moderate exacerbations. The recommendations also include starting pulmonary rehabilitation 3 weeks after discharge from hospital following a severe exacerbation.
Researchers have developed a new class of compounds called lysine-conjugated aliphatic norspermidine analogues (LANAs) that effectively kill certain bacteria, including MRSA. Testing on mice showed that the compounds can eliminate MRSA skin infections with no signs of acute toxicity or resistance development.
Researchers found that antibiotic-treated honeybees were half as likely to survive, with gut microbes disrupted and harmful bacteria increased. The study suggests that overuse of antibiotics may contribute to colony collapse and has implications for human health.
A recent study published in Annals of Family Medicine found that antibiotics are not effective in treating eczema flares in children. The CREAM study analyzed data from 113 children with non-severely infected eczema and showed no significant difference between groups in the resolution of eczema symptoms.
A study published in the Annals of Family Medicine found that in-office automated blood pressure monitoring over 30 minutes significantly reduced the number of patients who met criteria for antihypertensive medication regimes. The technique, known as OBP30, yielded lower blood pressure readings than routine office blood pressure readings.
Researchers have discovered a new way to restore antibiotic susceptibility in multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli strains. By identifying genes essential for survival of MDR superbugs in the presence of antibiotics, the team developed innovative drugs that can defeat resistant bacteria.
A recent study published in Annals of Family Medicine found that oral and topical antibiotics have no meaningful benefit for milder clinically infected eczema in children. Topical corticosteroids and emollient treatment led to rapid resolution of symptoms.
A novel combination of two antibiotics, ceftazidime/avibactam and aztreonam, has been shown to be effective against a high percentage of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE) specimens. The therapy works by blocking different types of enzymes that bacteria use to destroy antibiotics.
Researchers found that reducing antibiotics by 10% and 25% can lead to a 11.2% and 28.3% reduction in MDRO spread, respectively. Antibiotic stewardship programs can help reduce unnecessary usage and transmission of deadly bacteria.
McMaster researchers have discovered a new combination therapy that effectively treats the world's worst infectious diseases, including superbugs resistant to all known antibiotics. The treatment targets Gram-negative bacteria with an intrinsically impenetrable outer shell, making infections deadly in hospital settings.
Researchers developed two approaches to increase penicillin and cephalosporin use in hospitalized patients with penicillin allergy. Skin testing significantly increased favorable prescriptions, while a computerized guideline also improved antibiotic prescribing rates.
Innovative ways to target antibiotic resistance include combining antibiotics with non-antibiotics, such as loperamide, which enhances effectiveness against multi-drug resistant bacteria. Rapid diagnostic tests that can quickly identify bacterial infections and their resistance to antibiotics are also crucial in reducing further develo...
Researchers identified cultural factors influencing transmission of antimicrobial resistant bacteria from livestock to humans in Tanzania. The study found Maasai households were less likely to follow withdrawal periods, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
A new national study found a 700-percent surge in antibiotic-resistant infections among children in the US, with more than 75 percent already present when admitted to hospital. The study also shows that infected children stayed 20% longer in hospital and faced greater risk of death.
A new study measures cumulative dosage over a patient's lifetime and finds that high exposure increases the risk of permanent hearing loss in cystic fibrosis patients. Researchers suggest alternative treatment strategies to mitigate this risk.
A new study published in the Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society found that resistant infections caused by bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family are increasing in U.S. children, associated with longer hospital stays and a trend towards greater risk of death.
A risk prediction model developed by Kaiser Permanente has safely reduced antibiotic use in newborns by nearly 50%. The calculator uses data from over 600,000 babies to calculate the risk of early-onset sepsis and targets infants who are at highest risk for infection.
A systematic review of existing literature suggests that antibiotics are an effective alternative to surgery for acute non-complicated appendicitis in children. No safety concerns were reported, but a recurrence rate of 14% was noted.
Researchers found that 80% of online pharmacies let customers choose their own dosages and treatments, increasing the risk of serious side effects and antimicrobial resistance. This can lead to infections being undertreated or over-treated, allowing bacteria to develop resistance to antibiotics.
A new class of antibiotic daptomycin is effective and well-tolerated in children, offering a safe alternative to vancomycin for treating invasive MRSA skin infections. The study found no evidence of daptomycin toxicity, making it a promising option for pediatric patients.