Articles tagged with Cancer Medication
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Scientists at Karolinska Institutet have successfully designed small molecules that activate Frizzleds, a receptor family linked to various cancers and disorders. This breakthrough opens up new therapeutic strategies for treating different types of cancer.
Researchers have discovered ways to boost CAR T-cell therapy, surveying over 500 cancer drugs on its function. SMAC mimetics sensitize cancer cells to CAR T cells, while inhibiting CAR T cell functions could treat adverse effects.
A new technique developed at the University of Michigan uses bacteria to produce billions of different drug candidates that won't fall apart quickly inside the body. The peptides on bacteria are so plentiful that researchers can see how well they work right on the bacterium, enabling them to test hundreds of millions of different designs.
A study by the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard uncovered nearly 50 non-oncology drugs that can kill cancer cells, including those for diabetes, inflammation, and arthritis. The researchers identified novel drug mechanisms and targets, suggesting a possible way to accelerate the development of new cancer drugs.
A new study reveals that certain enzymes, known as cathepsins, not only promote diseases like cancer but also cannibalize and deactivate each other. By modeling these interactions, researchers hope to develop more effective inhibitors with fewer side effects.
Research links proton pump inhibitors to poorer concentration and memory in breast cancer patients. Cognitive problems reported by PPI users were 20-29% more severe than those in non-users. The study suggests an association between PPI use and cognitive decline in breast cancer survivors.
Researchers found that estrogen regulates accumulation of immune cells in the liver, promoting tumor growth and immune suppression. The study suggests exploring sex hormones in female cancer patients and using anti-estrogen drugs to improve immunotherapy outcomes.
Researchers have designed modified red blood cells that can circulate for several weeks and target specific infections or diseases like cancer and Alzheimer's. These 'super-human' cells use a sticky surface to attach to bacteria and release antibiotics exactly where needed.
The Akay Lab has developed a new microfluidic brain cancer chip that can simultaneously administer multiple drugs and assess their response to glioblastoma cells. The device enables fast drug combination testing in as little as two weeks, potentially improving patient survival rates.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center identified a new mechanism by which clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tumors grow and spread. Inhibiting the enzyme TBK1, which becomes more active in these cancer cells, shows promise as a potential strategy for treating kidney cancer.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed an edible 'security tag' to protect prescription drugs from counterfeiting. The tag uses a digital fingerprint and can be scanned by a smartphone app to verify authenticity.
A research team at Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center has identified VISTA as a molecule that regulates immunity and limits the damage it can cause. Blocking VISTA may enhance the host's ability to make protective tumor-specific immune responses, leading to potential therapeutic response to cancer.
Researchers have identified a promising drug candidate OT-82 that demonstrates remarkable efficacy in preclinical models. It targets the NAMPT enzyme responsible for NAD production, showing potential as a novel treatment option for refractory blood cancers.
Researchers at Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center suggest a new approach to treating advanced, progressing bile duct cancer. The study found that adding an mTOR inhibitor may re-sensitize tumor cells to FGFR inhibitors in patients who develop resistance to these agents.
A Phase III clinical trial found that eating seven or more servings of vegetables and fruits daily did not provide extra protection against prostate cancer. Despite this, a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables may help patients tolerate cancer treatments.
A $300,000 grant will help UniSA researcher Dr Stephanie Reuter Lange explore how computer-based modelling can optimise cancer treatment and remove the need for expensive clinical trials. The goal is to tailor drug dosages to individual patients to maximise tumour response and minimise side effects.
Blocking a cellular receptor called AHR prevents and reverses obesity in mice by inhibiting key genes involved in fat metabolism. Researchers at Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center found that the drug NF, which blocks AHR, can not only prevent but also reverse obesity in study mice.
A new study has identified a promising therapeutic route for combating drug-resistant skin cancer cells by targeting specific cytoskeletal proteins. Researchers found that melanoma cells use these proteins to survive and escape anti-cancer treatments, opening up new avenues for combination therapy.
Researchers at Osaka University developed a machine-learning algorithm that uses MRI images to predict genetic mutations in glioma tumors. This breakthrough may lead to more suitable treatment for patients, giving better outcomes. The study was published in Scientific Reports.
Researchers have developed a plant-derived compound, SVC112, that specifically targets head and neck cancer stem cells while sparing healthy cells. This selective approach yields better tumor control with reduced toxicity compared to existing FDA-approved treatments.
A nationwide Danish study found that overweight and obesity were associated with a 12% higher risk of several common cancers. The study included 20,706 cancers among 313,321 adults diagnosed with overweight and obesity compared to expected cancers in the general population.
A new study on brain tumors has identified mutations that are particular to different tumor types, enabling precision medicine approaches. The research also lists licensed drugs that could be used as combination therapies to target specific mutations in the future.
Researchers have developed new drug compounds that inhibit the activity of FOXM1, a transcription factor that regulates cell proliferation and development. The compounds suppress tumor growth in human cells and mouse models of several types of breast cancer.
A new set of guidelines for Complex Innovative Trials (CID) aims to improve the quality and efficiency of clinical trials. The recommendations cover stages from trial planning to patient-facing documentation, with the goal of accelerating the development and approval of innovative treatments.
Researchers developed a mathematical framework to simulate molecular interactions, making it easier to develop new therapies. The study found that controlling three key parameters can affect how molecule chains interact, leading to new insights into disease mechanisms and potential treatments.
Researchers at Lobachevsky University and Ghent University found that immunogenic cell death can be used to enhance cancer therapy and prevent relapse. The study tested existing anti-cancer drugs with enhanced immunogenic properties, revealing potential new protocols for reducing metastasis and improving patient recovery.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have discovered the protein c-Cbl has the ability to degrade PD-1, a critical immune checkpoint that helps cancer cells evade the immune system. This finding may lead to new therapies targeting c-Cbl to treat certain types of cancer, including melanoma and non-small lung cancer.
A new study strengthens the link between vitamin E acetate and EVALI (e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury), finding it in BAL fluid from 48 of 51 EVALI patients but not healthy individuals. The CDC analyzed samples from 16 states and compared them to 99 healthy individuals.
Researchers found that combining valproic acid and hydralazine reversed some aspects of breast cancer in offspring of high-risk mice, but increased risk in those not fed a high fat diet during pregnancy. The study suggests potential implications for breast cancer risk in humans, particularly related to prenatal exposure to certain chem...
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have made significant strides in developing a novel cancer drug that targets KRAS gene mutations, as well as chelating heavy metals with artificial proteins. Additionally, scientists have discovered a natural mechanism in human tooth enamel that prevents cracks from forming, allowing teeth to last a lifetime.
Restoring p53 using synthetic mRNA nanoparticles delays the growth of lung and liver cancer cells and makes them susceptible to available cancer drugs. The approach may also make tumors more vulnerable to cancer drugs known as mTOR inhibitors.
Kyoto University researchers have developed a new 'tumor-on-a-chip' device that can better mimic the environment inside the body. The device allows for the growth of tumor cells and blood vessels in three dimensions, enabling scientists to test potential cancer fighting drugs more effectively.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to predict cancer drug side effects by analyzing genetic mutations in the UGT1A1 enzyme. The model was able to accurately predict the ability of UGT1A1 mutants to metabolize anti-cancer agents, offering potential for personalized treatment and reducing severe side effects.
Researchers found that PBRM1 acts as a novel reader of the activated p53 pathway, suppressing renal tumor growth. Tumor-derived mutations in PBRM1 can disrupt this interaction, allowing cancer growth to occur.
The study validated the reproducibility of CRISPR-Cas9 functional genetic screens, creating the largest genetic screen resource for cancer research. This combined dataset will help narrow down the list of targets for the next generation of cancer treatments, speeding up the discovery and development of new drugs.
Research reveals that flavored e-liquids trigger inflammation, genetic damage, and dysfunction in the lungs, increasing long-term health risks. The study identifies over 40 chemicals in seven flavors, many of which are known to be harmful if inhaled.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine identified a three times higher incidence of VTE among African American patients compared to Caucasian patients. The study also found that African American patients were more likely to develop VTE in certain cancer types such as lung, gastric (stomach) and colorectal.
A phase two trial found that belantamab mafodotin, a BCMA-targeting antibody-drug conjugate, achieved durable responses in nearly a third of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. The therapy demonstrated significant tumor reduction and improved survival rates compared to standard treatments.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a new tool that provides more reliable and precise results in identifying protein targets for cancer drugs. The tool uses a database of experimentally determined data to analyze the effects of different drugs on various types of cancer cells.
Researchers developed a mathematical model that uses RNA sequencing and bioinformatics to identify sudden transcriptomic switches in healthy liver tissue, turning them cancerous. The tool can predict tumor stages and prognosis for patients with liver cancer.
Researchers at UCLouvain have made breakthroughs in understanding the immune system's role in cancer. They developed a new drug targeting immune system cells to stimulate anti-tumour responses, and are now testing it in human clinical trials.
A new treatment option for Ewing sarcoma is proposed by combining chemotherapy drug imatinib with diabetes medication metformin, according to Houston Methodist researchers. The combination has shown potential in treating the aggressive tumor in clinical trials.
A new longitudinal study found that e-cigarette use increases the risk of developing chronic lung diseases like asthma and bronchitis. Dual users of e-cigarettes and smoked tobacco are at an even higher risk of developing lung disease.
Researchers found that women with poorer quality of life, higher pain and endocrine symptoms, and negative beliefs about medication effectiveness are more likely to stop taking aromatase inhibitors. Patient-reported outcomes can act as biomarkers, predicting non-adherence and informing personalized treatment strategies.
The pooled analysis of three clinical trials shows entrectinib is effective in 77% of patients with ROS1+ NSCLC and 57% of patients with NTRK+ NSCLC, with significant response rates and progression-free survival times. Entrectinib's ability to penetrate brain metastases makes it a promising treatment for these patients.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine classified over 500 cancers into 10 subtypes based on protein analysis, revealing novel molecular pathways and potential new players in cancer. Four subtypes were found to be linked to the tumor microenvironment, while three others were associated with previously unknown cellular components.
Researchers developed DeepMACT, a novel algorithm that can detect and analyze cancer metastases more than 300 times faster than human experts. The algorithm provides insights into the unique metastatic profiles of different tumor models, enabling tailored drug targeting for various cancers.
A research team discovered that dendritic cells play a crucial role in the immune system's response to disease-causing pathogens, which may explain why TNF inhibitors carry a risk of serious infections and cancer. The study suggests that programming dendritic cells could lead to better treatments for persistent infections and cancer.
The IBIS-II study confirms anastrozole offers long term protection for women at high risk of developing breast cancer, with a 49% reduction in breast cancer incidence 12 years after stopping treatment. This is significantly higher than the 28% decrease in breast cancer recorded for women who take tamoxifen.
A phase III clinical trial shows tucatinib significantly improves survival rates in women with HER2+ breast cancer, especially those with brain metastases. The study found nearly tripled one-year progression-free survival and doubled two-year overall survivor compared to standard treatment.
A new approach to treating MLL-rearranged leukaemia (MLL-r leukaemias) has shown promising results, with a small molecule inhibitor called VTP50469 producing a 'dramatic response' in specially-bred mice. The therapy is designed to target molecules critical for the survival and growth of cancer cells.
Researchers at Hollings Cancer Center discovered that combining a polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor with a standard chemotherapeutic agent reduced TNBC tumor volume four times more effectively than the agent alone. The combination also reduces cancer stem cells, associated with metastasis.
A study found that more than 25% of lung cancer patients are prescribed medications with potential cardiac risk, and almost 10% take multiple such medications. The researchers argue that these criteria may be excessive and could be too strict, excluding patients who don't pose a cardiac risk.
Researchers at UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center found that inhibiting PAK4 gene overcomes resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in preclinical models. Biopsies from patients with melanoma showed high expression of PAK4, correlating with suppressed immune cell infiltration into tumors.
A new book published by international cancer experts offers promising research findings on Latino cancer and strategies for reducing health disparities. The book provides recommendations for creating studies based on subgroups and moving towards precision medicine to address the projected 142% rise in Latino cancer cases by 2030.
A recent study found that a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy caused serious side effects in 32% of older patients enrolled on a leukemia trial. The findings highlight the need for caution when enrolling vulnerable populations in clinical trials.
A new clinical trial has found that patients with limited-stage, aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who have a clear PET scan can skip radiation therapy and still achieve excellent results. The study showed that 91% of patients who received no radiation were alive five years after treatment.
A study by Dana-Farber researchers suggests that adding venetoclax to a reduced-intensity drug regimen prior to stem cell transplant can increase the chances of transplant success. The treatment has been found to be safe and does not impair donor cells' ability to engraft in recipients.
Researchers at UT Health San Antonio have discovered a new class of drugs called PROTACs that target the BCL-XL protein in cancer cells. These drugs show safe and potent antitumor activity, potentially treating T-cell malignancies such as leukemia and lymphoma.
A simple health questionnaire could be a highly effective tool to pre-screen people for early signs of oesophageal cancer, enabling much earlier diagnosis and treatment. Eight factors were identified as markers in those individuals who had Barrett's oesophagus or went on to develop it.