Articles tagged with Cancer Medication
A study published in Science reveals a mechanism that allows key immune system cells to restrain their more aggressive brother cells, protecting healthy tissue from assault. By targeting this genetic pathway with drugs, it may be possible to convert these cells into cancer-fighting cells.
Researchers have discovered a protein in malaria that can bind to a sugar molecule found in many types of cancer. This binding enables anti-cancer drugs to be delivered precisely to tumors. The findings offer new potential for treating various cancers, including melanoma and lung cancer.
Scientists have developed a blood test that can pair cancer patients with the most suitable therapy for their disease, giving real-time updates on tumor progression. This approach could make diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring quicker, cheaper, and less invasive.
Researchers have identified distinct microbial signatures in triple negative breast cancer tissue, suggesting potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The study found a predominantly viral and bacterial signature, with some fungi and parasites also present.
Case Western Reserve University researcher Efstathios Karathanasis has received a $2.82 million grant to develop a treatment that eradicates glioblastoma multiforme with one safe dose. The treatment uses chain-like nanoparticles carrying chemotherapy medicine and inhibitors to target brain tumor cells.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study found TAK-733 to be highly active against colorectal cancer cells and tumors, with 42 of 54 cell lines sensitive to the drug. However, inconsistent absorption and bioavailability were observed, raising concerns about safety and tolerability.
Scientists discovered a malaria protein that targets sugar molecules found in placentas and most cancers, leading to the development of an anti-cancer drug. The new approach halted tumour growth in mice and showed promising results in treating non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, prostate cancer, and metastatic breast cancer.
Researchers discovered a malaria protein that binds to a common sugar molecule found on both placentas and cancer cells. A novel technology was developed to arm antibodies with high potency toxins to specifically kill cancer cells, showing promising results in clinical trials.
Childhood cancer survivors showed significant improvements in working memory, attention, and processing speed after completing computer-based cognitive training. The training program, using Cogmed, improved performance comparable to stimulant medications and showed changes in brain activity suggesting neuroplasticity.
Researchers identified four consensus molecular subtypes of bowel cancer, allowing doctors to treat each type differently. The study has implications for identifying patients at risk of developing more serious disease and tailoring treatments.
A comprehensive study of non-protein-coding RNAs in human cancers has identified alterations linked to 13 different cancer types. The research provides a rich resource for investigating lncRNA dysregulation and identifying potential diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
A new study reveals how breast cancer cells become desensitized to lapatinib, a common cancer drug, by turning FOXO into an oncogene c-Myc. The researchers hope to develop new tools to fix this adaptation pathway and improve therapy for HER2+ breast cancer.
Researchers discovered that mice lacking both Pten and Shp2 enzymes are prone to lethal anemia, which can occur even if they lack one of the enzymes alone. This finding suggests that genomic screening before treatment may help prevent anemia in cancer patients.
Researchers at Indiana University have discovered how cancer-induced bone destruction causes skeletal muscle weakness. Inhibiting TGF-β improved muscle function in mouse models of human cancers.
Researchers at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have created a 3D image of cancer protein Trib1, revealing its role in controlling protein levels within cells. The finding could lead to the development of new drugs to treat cancers such as leukemia.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have discovered a compound that effectively controls the growth of EWS-FLI1-driven cancer cells in mice. The study found that YK-4-279 significantly reduced leukemia cell numbers and improved mouse health, suggesting potential as a therapeutic agent for various cancers.
Discussing a menu of reasonable treatment options with patients can improve patient compliance and health outcomes. Physicians often present only one option, but a partnership approach that includes patient preference can make a real difference.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine identified a previously unknown genomic landscape in Sezary syndrome, a rare and aggressive leukemia. The study reveals recurrent loss-of-function mutations in genes regulating epigenetic pathways, including ARID1A, which occurred in over 40% of the genome studied.
Researchers describe a case of a 53-yr-old male with early T-cell precursor leukemia who achieved complete remission after treatment with the NOTCH inhibitor BMS-906024. Genetic and epigenetic analysis revealed that the patient's cancer was driven by hyperactive NOTCH1 signaling, which was successfully targeted by GSI treatment.
A new pan-Canadian Dream Team, led by Tak W. Mak and Samuel Aparicio, will research novel approaches to treating aggressive breast cancers. The team aims to develop new therapies targeting genetic instability in tumor cells.
Researchers have discovered a new approach to understanding cancer mechanisms, biomarkers, and treatments using RNA editing events. The study, published in Cancer Cell, found that specific RNA editing processes could selectively affect drug sensitivity and may lead to the development of targeted therapies.
A Phase 2 clinical trial found that gene therapy VB-111 increased overall survival to 15 months, compared to 8 months for those receiving chemotherapy Avastin alone. The therapy effectively starves tumors by blocking new blood vessel growth and is safe and well-tolerated.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health found that GANT61 increases myelin production by 50% and recruits neural stem cells to repair damaged areas of the brain. The treatment also improves symptoms in mice with multiple sclerosis, including paralysis and leg weakness.
A new study led by UCSF scientist Neal Benowitz found that reducing nicotine levels in cigarettes can substantially decrease tobacco dependence without increasing inhalation. Smokers who reduced cigarette intake reported attempts to quit twice as often and had lower cravings compared to those smoking regular cigarettes.
Researchers are investigating two new avenues for detection and treatment of advanced prostate cancer, focusing on biochemical reactions downstream of the androgen receptor. By targeting the metabolism of cancer cells, they aim to bypass ineffective drugs and develop new therapies.
A new study by the University of Copenhagen and Cancer Research UK shows that targeting fibroblasts can block cancer cell movement, trapping them in healthy tissue. The research uses a drug that targets PHD2, an inhibitor currently in clinical trials for anaemia.
Researchers have developed a technique to coat anticancer drugs in membranes made from a patient's own platelets, allowing the drugs to target both primary tumors and circulating tumor cells. This method can prolong drug circulation time up to 30 hours, increasing effectiveness.
A recent study by researchers found that FDA's 'breakthrough' designation significantly increases the percentage of people who rate a drug as effective and believe in its strong evidence. The study suggests that neutral terms with clear explanations may help consumers make more accurate judgments about these drugs.
The NCI has renewed a five-year, $13 million grant to support joint research projects between San Diego State University and UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center. The partnership aims to address cancer health care disparities among Hispanic/Latinos in the region, with a focus on innovative research and community outreach.
A phase 3 clinical trial found that immunotherapy drug nivolumab improved overall survival and reduced toxicities compared to chemotherapy drug docetaxel for patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. The results suggest that nivolumab is a promising option for patients whose lung cancer progresses after initial treatment.
A study of 129 children born after prenatal exposure to cancer treatment found normal mental and heart function, contradicting fears that chemotherapy would harm fetal development. However, premature birth was more frequent among these children than in the general population, suggesting avoiding prematurity is key.
A new clinical trial has found that cabozantinib, a second-line therapy, controls the growth of advanced kidney cancer more effectively than everolimus. The results show improved progression-free survival and lower tumor growth rates, indicating potential for prolonged survival.
Researchers found that the combination therapy improved progression-free survival across various sub-groups, including those with poor prognostic factors. The study also showed similar efficacy regardless of BRAF mutation status and disease stage.
The ESMO Global Opioid Policy Initiative reveals disparities in opioid access across the globe, with the Middle East, Latin America, and Asia showing limited access to essential pain relieving medication. The addition of new Designated Centres brings polices tailored to patient needs, promoting a multidisciplinary approach to cancer care.
Research highlights significant disparities in cancer care among migrants and refugees, with lower rates of early diagnosis and treatment. The European Society for Medical Oncology calls for policy changes to address these disparities and improve access to quality cancer care.
A new study reveals that brain metastases carry distinct genetic profiles compared to primary tumors, suggesting divergent evolutionary pathways and potential sensitivity to targeted therapy drugs. The research identifies clinically significant mutations in over half of patients' brain metastases.
Researchers at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center demonstrated a significant median overall survival benefit with nivolumab, increasing it to 25 months compared to 19.6 months for everolimus. The study also showed a higher objective response rate and fewer treatment-related adverse events with nivolumab.
Results from the METEOR trial show that cabozantinib improves progression-free and overall survival in patients with advanced clear cell kidney cancer, with a median progression-free survival of 7.4 months compared to 3.8 months for everolimus.
Researchers found that combining antidepressants with blood thinners increases autophagy in cancer cells, causing them to die. This combination therapy doubled the lifespan of mice with early-stage brain cancer, but further study is needed to confirm its effectiveness.
Researchers have discovered that combining tricyclic antidepressants with anticoagulant drugs can slow down glioma tumors in mice by causing excessive autophagy. The study, published in Cancer Cell, found that the combination therapy doubled the lifespan of mice with gliomas.
Researchers have discovered that a class of experimental drugs already in clinical trials can help the body's immune system fight cancer. The drugs target a protein called Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK), which is often overproduced in tumors and enables them to evade the immune system.
Researchers have identified a molecular pathway that explains how tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells develop. The 'feedback loop' involves the HOXB7 protein, which helps activate genes that promote cancer growth. Targeting MYC protein, which is involved in this pathway, may lead to new treatments for tamoxifen-resistant cancers.
A new study published in the Journal of Oncology Practice found that patients participating in stage III renal cell cancer drug trials are often younger and healthier than those who ultimately receive the drugs. The study highlights concerns about the direct applicability of trial data, particularly for patients with more advanced canc...
Researchers at University of Virginia Health System identify two new cancer-causing gene mutations in MCM8 and MCM9 genes, which may be particularly susceptible to cancer-fighting drugs like cisplatin and olaparib. These mutations could lead to more targeted and effective treatments for lung and prostate cancers.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that letrozole did not improve pregnancy rates and live birth rates for women with unexplained infertility, but clomiphene remained the best option. Clomiphene enabled production of more eggs and hormones, while gonadotropin had the highest rate of pregnancy and live births.
A new smart lab robot system optimizes cancer treatment by finding the best combination of drugs to kill cancer cells without harming healthy ones. The robot is part of a broader effort to improve cancer treatment research and find new drug compounds for resistant cells.
Researchers have developed a novel type of graphene oxide-based biosensor that can detect biomolecules at a few trillionth of a gram per millimeter square. The sensor's sensitivity is three times higher than commercially available chips, making it ideal for analyzing chemical reactions with small drug molecules.
A combination of two drugs has been found to shrink pancreatic tumors in laboratory mice. The treatment, which targets the cell's DNA rather than proteins, also slowed the growth of human lung cancer cells. Researchers are now working to test this treatment in humans with pancreatic cancer.
Western University researchers have developed an artificial intelligence-powered tool that can predict a patient's response to paclitaxel and gemcitabine chemotherapy medications. The tool uses genetic analysis of tumours to identify the genetic signatures most important for determining resistance and remission for each medication. Wit...
Researchers found a biomarker that can predict which HER2-negative breast cancer patients will respond to bevacizumab treatment, allowing for early switch to more effective options. This discovery could spare patients from severe side effects and improve overall survival rates.
A simple blood test can detect early markers of reinvigorated T cells and track immune responses in metastatic melanoma patients after initial treatment with pembrolizumab. The study found increased levels of proteins characteristic of reinvigoration in CD8+ T cells, suggesting a potential biomarker to predict patient response.
Researchers suggest that combining epigenetic therapies with immunotherapies could restore cell-surface molecules that help the immune system eliminate cancer cells. Epigenetic drugs can also lower or eliminate immune cells that facilitate tumor growth.
Cancer Research UK scientists found that some cancer cells can survive gene damage caused by HDAC inhibitor drugs, triggering a 'survival' response. This mechanism rebalances tags and maintains normal gene activity, making it harder for the drug to kill cancer cells.
Cancer patients who receive chemotherapy treatment for a sustained period have heightened levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which correlates with drug resistance. The study proposes a measure of relative ROS levels under normal conditions to help determine if patients are becoming resistant to cancer drugs.
The project aims to create an online cache of molecular data to validate current cancer models and make predictions about the disease. This will enable a collaborative approach to cancer treatment and potentially reduce animal testing in research.
A team of researchers found that inhibiting the enzymatic activity of Tyk2 does not hinder its ability to activate natural killer cells. In fact, this inhibited form of Tyk2 still boosts NK cell maturation and activity, leading to strong suppression of cancer growth. This breakthrough suggests promising potential for new cancer therapies
A chemist at San Diego State University developed a new technique to improve the selectivity of protein kinase inhibitors, which can lead to fewer side effects. By locking in either the right- or left-handed version of an atropisomeric compound, researchers found more selective inhibition of specific kinases.
Researchers have discovered that an anti-diabetic drug can 'suffocate' pancreatic cancer stem cells by preventing them from using oxygen for energy. This finding holds promise for developing new treatments that target these cancer stem cells and prevent recurrence after conventional treatment. Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most ...
Researchers at EMBL-EBI have developed a new computational method to study biological signalling pathways and networks, allowing for more precise questions about how drugs affect proteins and pathways. The method uses noisy data from MS experiment, filters the noise, and integrates the data to reconstruct pathways robustly.
Researchers discovered a new method to attack cancer cells by targeting the SAS1B protein, which appears on cancer cells but not healthy tissue. This approach could lead to reduced side effects and improved fertility preservation for female patients.