Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
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A Penn study found that access to real-time CYP2C19 genotype results significantly influences prescriber behavior when prescribing antiplatelet drugs after a minimally invasive stent procedure. The use of prasugrel or ticagrelor was higher and clopidogrel lower in the genotyped group compared to the usual care group.
Researchers are testing a new combination of cirmtuzumab and ibrutinib to eradicate leukemias and other blood cancers. The trial aims to determine the safety and effectiveness of the duo's treatment, which could potentially lead to complete remissions without continuous therapy.
Two studies found that acetaminophen use increases during cold/flu season, with a 24% increase in high-dose intake. Acetaminophen is the most commonly used analgesic in France, but its use can lead to liver harm if not taken correctly.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine have discovered a new way to fight sepsis by boosting the immune system with a drug that increases key immune cells. The approach has shown significant and lasting improvements in patients, offering hope for improved survival rates.
A phase III clinical trial in Thailand tested TDF therapy against standard preventative measures, finding no significant reduction in infant infection rates. The study suggests that adding TDF may have little effect on mother-to-child transmission rates already at low levels.
A recent study by researchers from UMass Amherst and Newcastle University found serious deficiencies in the evidence base for widely used diabetes drugs in India. The investigation calls for action to ensure these medications are safe and effective.
The HOPE open-label study found that women's risk of acquiring HIV was reduced by more than half, with an incidence rate of 1.9 new infections per 100 participants. Women's adherence to the ring use appears to be higher in HOPE compared to ASPIRE, with 89% indicating regular use.
In an open-label study, nearly 90% of participants used the vaginal ring at least some of the time, with a rate of HIV infection half of what would be expected without the ring. The study found promising results for the desirability and effectiveness of the anti-HIV vaginal ring in real-world settings.
An interim open-label study found increased product use of the dapivirine vaginal ring compared to a previous Phase III study. The data suggest that women's HIV-1 risk was reduced by more than half in the open-label study, known as DREAM.
The evidence for India's top-selling diabetes drug combinations falls short of WHO standards, potentially putting patients at risk. Only one trial assessed the balance between pros and cons, while 18 were sponsored by multinational corporations or conducted by pharmaceutical companies.
Researchers found that a combination therapy of broadly neutralizing antibody and immune stimulant suppressed HIV-like virus in primates for six months without additional treatment. The therapy may have targeted the viral reservoir, reducing viral loads and DNA in lymph nodes.
Research at the TAT International Congress 2018 found that patients participate in phase 1 clinical trials for access to innovative cancer treatments, including targeted therapies and immunotherapy. The studies suggest that this increased participation is driven by a growing awareness of treatment options beyond traditional chemotherapy.
The STATIS trial found that intensive tuberculosis screening was as effective as systemic antituberculosis therapy in reducing mortality among severely immunosuppressed HIV-infected adults. The study's results suggest that both strategies can be used to improve outcomes in resource-limited settings.
A new approach filters genes for study, reducing false leads and accelerating research on diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. The strategy focuses on active genes, group interactions, mutation vulnerability and past studies to narrow down gene candidates, saving researchers time and money.
Research by Mississippi State University Professors Carol Esmark Jones and Adam Farmer found that packaging shapes, colors, and placement in stores can influence purchase intentions. Displaying products on endcaps or using discounts can mitigate the negative effects of embarrassment.
A TGen-led study found that ponatinib significantly delays tumor growth and reduces tumor volume in SCCOHT, suggesting it should be tested for use in clinical trials. The rare form of ovarian cancer has a dismal two-year survival rate of less than 35 percent and affects young women and girls.
A large US trial found that calcium supplements may increase the risk of serrated polyps, which are less common than conventional polyps but have the same risk of developing into cancer. Women and smokers were at higher risk when exposed to calcium supplements.
A new poll of older Americans reveals that many see a mismatch between what they need and what their doctors prescribe. The study suggests improving communication could reduce unnecessary tests, screenings, medications, and procedures. Healthcare providers may have more leeway to deny services that hold little value for certain patients.
Researchers found that patients with regularly monitored blood pressure at home had significantly lower blood pressure after 12 months compared to those managed in the clinic. The use of telemonitoring also showed promise for faster and more efficient blood pressure reduction.
Two landmark studies by Vanderbilt researchers show significant improvement in patient outcomes using balanced fluids instead of saline for intravenous therapy, leading to a decline in saline use at the hospital. The studies found a 1 percent lower incidence of serious kidney problems or death in patients receiving balanced fluids, res...
The University of Cincinnati has received a $1.75 million grant to study signaling pathways underlying the development of acquired epilepsy. Researchers aim to prevent seizures without side effects, addressing a pressing need in epilepsy treatment.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that Spinraza significantly improves outcomes for children with spinal muscular atrophy type 2, who have not yet begun to walk. The drug also shows promise for reversing muscle weakness and improving mobility.
A new study published in the Addiction journal found that baclofen is no more effective than placebo in treating alcohol use disorders. The meta-analysis revealed higher abstinent rates, but other outcomes failed to show an effect, including reduced cravings and negative mood states.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases is supporting clinical trials testing monoclonal antibodies as preventive therapies for antibiotic-resistant infections. The trials aim to prevent pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, two bacteria posing a significant threat to human health.
A Taiwanese database study of 55,629 patients with hypertension found no significant difference in cardiovascular risk between cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme selective NSAIDs and nonselective NSAIDs. Most commonly used NSAIDs have similar cardiovascular safety profiles under low-to-moderate daily doses and short-term treatment periods.
A new drug has shown encouraging safety and efficacy in treating Still's disease, a serious orphan condition. The treatment, which blocks the action of an inflammation factor, has been tested on 23 patients with refractory forms of the disease, resulting in positive responses and significant symptom reduction.
In three clinical trials, larotrectinib demonstrated a 75% overall response rate in patients with TRK fusion genes, with 86% continuing treatment or undergoing curative surgery. This study marks a new paradigm in cancer drug development, defining cancers by molecular changes rather than site of occurrence.
Recent studies suggest ketamine's potential to rapidly treat severe depression. Ketamine has produced initial reductions in depressive symptoms within two hours, with peak effects at 24 hours. This could represent a paradigm shift in treating major depressive disorder and bipolar depression.
The studies reported an overall response rate of 75 percent for patients ages four months to 76 years with 17 different cancer diagnoses. Larotrectinib had rapid, potent, and durable anti-tumor activity in children and adults with solid tumors and TRK fusions.
The Clinical Epidemiology Database aims to facilitate collaboration among researchers by providing a standardized platform for accessing and exploring complex clinical data. The database, launched by the University of Pennsylvania, introduces an intuitive interface and provides documentation of study design and background.
A meta-analysis of 522 trials confirms that antidepressants are more effective than placebo for short-term treatment of acute depression in adults. The study found varying effectiveness among different antidepressants, with some proving more tolerable.
A large-scale study of 1,800 ICU patients found that prophylactic haloperidol use does not prevent delirium or improve survival rates. The study, published in JAMA, suggests that administering haloperidol as a preventive measure is unnecessary and may even increase the risk of complications.
A Phase 2 clinical trial shows that patients with acute ischemic stroke can safely tolerate high doses of 3K3A-APC, a promising anti-stroke drug. The treatment also substantially reduced cerebral hemorrhage in patients.
A study published in Movement Disorders found that lower levels of alpha-synuclein protein in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with postural instability and gait difficulty in Parkinson's disease patients. The study also suggests that lower beta-amyloid levels may be related to memory problems in Parkinson's patients.
Two clinical trials evaluate the frequency and type of adverse reactions to benznidazole in chronically infected adults. The studies found that the majority of adverse reactions (90%) were mild and appeared within the first month of treatment.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that pediatric phase I cancer trials have improved outcomes for approximately 1 in 10 children, with a fatal drug-related complication rate of 2.09%. The study's results suggest refining risk/benefit assessments for these trials.
Researchers found ustekinumab, used to treat psoriasis, also improves aortic inflammation, a key marker of cardiovascular risk. The drug resulted in a 19% improvement in aortic inflammation and significant reductions in skin inflammation.
Women with asthma who use short-acting asthma relievers take longer to become pregnant than those without asthma, but using long-acting asthma preventers has no impact on fertility. The study of over 5,000 women in Australia, New Zealand, and Ireland shows a significant difference between short-acting and long-acting treatments.
A study found a 60.5% reduction in mortality among recently released inmates who were on medication for addiction treatment before their release, compared to the previous year. The program, launched in 2016, linked inmates with community centers and supportive care after release.
A clinical trial demonstrates the impact of nusinersen on older patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), showing significant improvements in motor function scores. The study, known as CHERISH, enrolled 126 children aged 2-12 and found that 57% experienced an increase of at least three points in functioning scores.
In a Penn-led trial, cabozantinib significantly shrunk tumors in 34 out of 35 patients with metastatic, radioactive iodine-resistant thyroid cancer. The median time on the study was 35 weeks, and 54% of patients achieved a partial response.
Jean-Charles Soria, a leading cancer researcher, has been awarded the TAT 2018 Honorary Award for his groundbreaking contributions to cancer drug development. His work has led to increased response rates and successful drug approvals, including osimertinib for lung cancer.
A new blood test, T2Candida Panel, detects candidemia with high accuracy, reducing time to diagnosis by nearly two days. The test shows promise in speeding up treatment and potentially improving patient survival rates.
The study found high-quality care for ordering brain imaging and administering antithrombotic agents, but gaps in care for processes like statin prescriptions, carotid artery imaging, and electrocardiography. Patients discharged from the Emergency Department without admission to a VA hospital had lower quality care.
A new study suggests that a re-evaluation of fosfomycin's dosing regimen may be effective in treating systemic multi-drug-resistant bacterial infections. Researchers found that a higher dosage schedule is required to combat these infections, offering a potential alternative to developing new antibiotics.
A review of clinical data from trials and observational studies suggests that prasugrel and ticagrelor reduce major adverse cardiac events compared to clopidogrel, but with increased bleeding risk. Prasugrel shows superior benefits in STEMI patients
Two studies found that women with MS who stop taking natalizumab before or after pregnancy experience increased disease activity and relapse rates compared to those who continue treatment. The risk of miscarriage is also higher in the first trimester, but this rate is small and within the general population range.
A new analysis of dozens of studies confirms protein supplements boost muscle mass and strength in weightlifters. However, their effectiveness decreases with age, highlighting the need for greater supplementation as people get older.
A new study has shown that an individualized approach to nutritional ketosis combined with remote monitoring via a mobile application can sustainably and safely reverse Type 2 diabetes. The treatment resulted in significant improvements, including a 12% weight loss and a reversal of diabetes progression in 94% of patients.
Researchers at Oregon State University found that symptoms of alcoholism make it difficult for patients to take naltrexone, a medication approved to treat alcohol use disorder. The study suggests that ongoing daily contact with the patient is crucial to improving adherence, particularly after heavy drinking episodes or strong cravings.
A possible treatment for Hajdu-Cheney syndrome has been identified, which may also help with age-related osteoporosis. Researchers found that a medication called DAPT blocks osteoclast formation, reversing bone loss in mice with the disease.
A new study by NYU Langone Health found that extending natalizumab dosing intervals from every 4 weeks to 5-12 weeks significantly reduced the risk of developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a rare but potentially fatal brain infection. The extended dosing regimen resulted in a 94% reduction in PML risk.
Researchers found that adding cetirizine to standard therapy significantly reduced annualized relapse rates in patients with neuromyelitis optica, a rare disease causing inflammation and demyelination. The study suggests that cetirizine may be beneficial in preventing relapses by modulating eosinophil activity.
A randomized, double-blind trial showed that adding sodium benzoate to clozapine improved negative symptoms and overall symptoms in patients with refractory schizophrenia. The treatment had no side effects and may provide hope for treating the most difficult-to-treat patients.
A study of 3,812 retired NFL players found a slightly higher risk of death compared to replacement players, mainly due to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Repeated head trauma in football may lead to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a degenerative brain disease.
A new Tel Aviv University study published in Addiction found that only eight out of 100 smokers benefit from taking smoking cessation medications after a year. The researchers conclude that policymakers should find better methods to help smokers quit and prevent young people from starting to smoke.
A new study published in the Canadian Journal of Cardiology found that cholesterol-lowering statins and blood-pressure lowering candesartan/HCTZ medications do not affect erectile function. The study, which evaluated over 2,000 men, showed no significant change in erectile function between treatment groups and placebo groups.
Researchers found widespread redactions in commercially sponsored trial protocols, making them useless for assessing ethical justification and identifying discrepancies with publications. The study highlights the mistrust in industry-sponsored drug trials and calls for unconditional access to trial protocols and data.
A specialized stenting system has been shown to benefit certain stroke patients by reducing the risk of complications. The Wingspan Stent System Post-Market Surveillance Study found a complication rate of just 2.6 percent among patients with intracranial stenosis due to cholesterol plaque.
The COMPASS trial found that the ADAPT technique is at least as good as stent retrievers for treating large-vessel occlusions, with 52% of patients achieving functional independence. Aspiration also showed a non-significant trend in favor of reperfusion success.