Articles tagged with Drug Studies
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study published in The Lancet Neurology confirmed that different generic antiepileptic products are equally effective in treating epilepsy, with no measurable difference found between them. This finding provides reassurance for patients and clinicians about the safety of substituting generics.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have demonstrated significant health improvements in the vascular system of mice following repeated treatments to remove senescent cells. The study shows that regular clearance of senescent cells can improve age-related vascular conditions and may be a viable approach to reduce cardiovascular disease and death.
Researchers found that less than a third of PCORI-funded grants were implemented in primary care settings, contradicting the organization's goal. However, PCORI successfully diversified its funding by awarding 25% of grants to PhD-holding principal investigators.
UPMC's PreCISE-Rx program uses pharmacogenomics to individualize patient treatments, targeting the right drug for each patient based on their genes. The goal is to reduce hospital readmissions and recurrent illness while improving treatment outcomes.
The Independent Data Monitoring Committee has recommended continuing the Phase III trial with PM1183 due to positive safety data from the first 80 patients. The trial assesses PM1183's efficacy compared to standard treatments for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found that antiretroviral therapy significantly reduces HIV transmission in the female reproductive tract, regardless of exposure method. This discovery has significant implications for future HIV prevention, vaccine, and cure research.
A new investigation by The BMJ questions the validity of a pivotal trial supporting rivaroxaban's approval, citing concerns over a faulty blood clotting test device. Doctors and scientists are now calling for an independent investigation and access to original trial data to clarify the drug's benefits and harms.
A study published in JAMA found that dupilumab improves nasal polyp symptoms and quality of life in patients with chronic sinusitis not responsive to corticosteroids. The medication was generally well-tolerated and showed significant improvements in endoscopic, clinical, and radiographic outcomes after 16 weeks.
A recent paper published in Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids identifies experimental design issues in neutral studies questioning the benefits of omega-3s for heart health. The study suggests that these issues may be responsible for the lack of significant effects on cardiovascular disease outcomes.
A meta-analysis suggests that text messaging can increase medication adherence in chronic disease patients, but further research is needed to confirm the findings and determine their clinical significance. The study's results have implications for developing low-cost, widely available technologies to improve patient outcomes.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have found that a blood pressure medication, propranolol, can improve some social functions in individuals with autism. A study involving 20 participants showed that those taking propranolol scored higher on conversational skills than those receiving a placebo.
Researchers found that patients taking strong anticholinergic medications performed poorly on attention tests and had lower physical function compared to those not taking the medication. The study suggests that alternative treatment options may be more effective in rehabilitating patients with dementia.
A worldwide study led by UC San Francisco and Emory University investigators found belatacept to be a better option for kidney transplant recipients, with lower mortality and graft loss rates. The drug's long-term benefits are seen in preserving kidney function and suppressing antibodies that cause late graft loss.
A systematic review found antidepressants increase aggression and suicidal thoughts in children, with a doubled risk compared to adults. Experts recommend minimal use and alternative treatments like exercise or psychotherapy.
A new study comparing smoking cessation therapies found that 12-week treatment with a nicotine patch, varenicline, or combination therapy produced similar quit rates at 26 and 52 weeks. The treatments did not differ significantly on any abstinence outcome measure.
Researchers have found an epilepsy drug that can protect nerve damage in MS patients, according to a study published in the Lancet Neurology. The anti-convulsant drug phenytoin protected neural tissue in patients with optic neuritis, a symptom of MS.
The University of Warwick is partnering with doctors from University Hospital, Coventry to investigate the causes of early miscarriage. Researchers aim to develop new treatments and improve understanding of why miscarriages occur in some women more frequently than others.
A European multicenter study found that intravenous thrombolysis is safe and effective for ischemic stroke patients with preexisting dependency, despite concerns of higher complication rates. The study suggests that these patients should be considered for IVT treatment in randomized-controlled trials.
A meta-analysis found a significant association between antipsychotic treatment in youth and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The study included 13 studies and analyzed the cumulative risk of diabetes and its incidence rate per patient year of antipsychotic exposure.
A new randomized controlled trial at Brown University found that combining the drug topiramate with psychological counseling significantly reduced marijuana use among young smokers. However, many participants struggled with the medication's side effects, leading to dropout rates of 60%. The study suggests that medications can help redu...
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital restored vision in mice with optic nerve injury using gene therapy and a channel-blocking drug. The study found that the regenerated nerve fibers needed to be helped to conduct impulses without myelin sheath, which can be achieved by adding a potassium channel blocker.
New research finds that women with heart failure live longer and experience lower mortality rates when equipped with implanted defibrillators. The study used data from the Get With the Guidelines-Heart Failure registry to compare survival in patients with and without ICDs.
New smart gas sensing pills reveal how low & high-fibre diets affect gut health, offering clues for treating gut disorders. The research found that low-fibre diets produce more hydrogen gas in the small intestine and high-fibre diets produce more methane gas in the large intestine.
A clinical trial is underway to investigate the use of cholesterol-lowering drug Simvastatin in treating Parkinson's disease. The study, funded by several organizations, aims to explore its potential neuroprotective effects and could lead to new treatments for the condition.
A landmark Phase II study by Winship Cancer Institute led to the approval of daratumumab for multiple myeloma patients who have received at least three prior treatments. The drug showed an overall response rate of nearly 30% and demonstrated single-agent activity in a novel monoclonal antibody treatment.
A nationwide Danish study found that oral fluconazole exposure during pregnancy is associated with a significantly increased risk of spontaneous abortion compared to unexposed women or those treated with topical azole antifungals. The risk was not significantly higher for stillbirths, but further investigation is warranted.
A study in Health Affairs examines Mexico's life expectancy trends between 2000 and 2010, finding that homicide rates in the second half of the decade caused male life expectancy to stagnate. The authors suggest that approaches like epidemiological surveillance can strengthen policies to reduce violence.
A $13.5 million funding award from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) will support a study analyzing the safety and effectiveness of three blood-thinning drugs used to prevent post-surgery blood clots in patients undergoing hip and knee replacement.
A new study reveals a sharp increase in drug shortages affecting emergency care in the US, from 26 to 123, a 373% rise from 2008 to 2014. Life-threatening medications are particularly affected, leaving emergency department physicians without necessary treatments for critical patients.
A study using mobile health technology has shown that patients taking kidney transplants can improve their medication adherence and blood pressure levels, leading to better patient outcomes. The innovative approach aims to reduce premature graft loss by providing personalized computer-automated monitoring systems.
A study analyzed 787 phase II/III clinical trials sponsored by the National Clinical Trials Network, finding that increased competition, planning to enroll a larger proportion of the available population, and lack of new agents were associated with poor accrual. The researchers developed a multivariable prediction model to identify tri...
Selexipag, an orally available selective prostacyclin IP receptor agonist, demonstrates effectiveness in treating pulmonary hypertension, reducing hospitalizations by 40%. The medication targets a well-known disease pathway, improving heart function and opening blood vessels to the lungs.
In a phase 1 trial, VRC01 antibody suppressed HIV levels by more than tenfold in six patients not on antiretroviral therapy, with some experiencing undetectable levels for up to 3 weeks. However, immune responses limited efficacy in others, highlighting the need for new strategies to prevent viral reservoirs.
A meta-analysis of five RCTs found no significant differences between nalmefene and placebo in mortality, quality of life, or mental health outcomes. However, participants taking nalmefene had fewer heavy drinking days and lower total alcohol consumption compared to those on placebo.
Researchers assessed the impact of evidence-based principles on medicine procurement in a healthcare facility, achieving significant decreases in expenditures. The ABC/VEN-analysis method helped prioritize medicines and inform training workshops for medical professionals.
The KEYNOTE-010 trial shows that pembrolizumab improves median survival in all PD-L1-positive patients compared to docetaxel. Patients with higher PD-L1 staining benefit the most, with a hazard ratio of 0.54 and 0.50 at two doses of pembrolizumab.
A new cell culture technique called VOGIM allows the formation of tumor blood vessels and their interaction with immune cells to be observed in real-time. This enables the study of tumor growth, cell death, and the influence of medications on these developments without live animal testing.
A leading researcher at the Case Western Reserve University School of Nursing is developing new treatments for cystic fibrosis, a life-threatening genetic disease. The scientist will lead two studies to explore gene-modifying treatments that can minimize CF symptoms, including medications and genetic correction.
Researchers found that soaking islet cells in Anti-aging Glycopeptide (AAGP) protects them from tacrolimus, a toxic drug commonly used during transplants. This allows for fewer cells to be used, potentially treating more patients with the Edmonton Protocol.
The 2015 American Epilepsy Society Annual Meeting drew a record attendance of over 5,200 professionals to discuss new discoveries and emerging technologies in treating epilepsy. Key findings included studies on the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical CBD for severe epilepsy and personalized medicine that offers new targets for diagno...
Candidiasis is a life-threatening fungal infection requiring early treatment. New guidelines update recommendations for its diagnosis and treatment, highlighting the importance of consulting an infectious diseases (ID) specialist to ensure a good outcome.
The number of industry-sponsored clinical trials has dramatically increased since 2006, while NIH-funded trials have declined substantially. This trend raises concerns about the influence of commercial interests on medical research, potentially compromising public health outcomes.
The number of NIH-funded trials decreased by 328, while industry-funded trials increased by 1,965, during the period. The total number of newly registered trials increased by 5,410, with industry-funded trials accounting for the majority of growth.
A study by University of Chicago cancer specialists found that expensive research biopsies in early cancer drug studies had no impact on subsequent drug development or treatment decisions. Only a small percentage of the biopsies yielded statistically significant results.
A study of postmenopausal women with DCIS found that anastrozole and tamoxifen caused different symptom profiles. Hot flashes were more common in the tamoxifen group, while musculoskeletal complaints and vaginal problems were more prevalent in those receiving anastrozole.
Human astrocytes have unique genes and respond differently to neurotransmitters, particularly glutamate, suggesting improved detection of neuroactivity. The study's novel method allows researchers to compare astrocytes from healthy tissue and those affected by diseases such as glioblastoma and epilepsy.
A new study published in the journal Stroke demonstrates that vagus nerve stimulation can improve recovery in stroke patients by reducing impairments and increasing motion and strength in affected arms. The trial involved 20 patients with arm weakness due to stroke, showing significant potential for reducing disabilities.
Researchers at Oxford University have successfully conducted human trials on the 'rescued' drug ebselen, which may offer a safer alternative to lithium for treating bipolar disorder. The initial trial found that ebselen had similar effects on the brain as lithium and showed promise in reducing side effects.
A study of over 21,000 women found that only 1 in 6 with increased breast cancer risk take preventive medication, despite being eligible for clinical trials. Most women who started the medication continued taking it for at least a year, but usage declined over time.
Researchers found that combining palbociclib with paclitaxel shrank tumors in nearly half of patients with estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer. The combination appears to be safe and may offer benefits over paclitaxel alone, suggesting a larger clinical trial is warranted.
A phase 1B clinical trial of the novel antidepressant NSI-189 has shown that the compound appears to be safe and may be effective against depression. The study found improvements in depressive and cognitive symptoms in study participants, with effects persisting for several months after treatment discontinuation.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that treating ear mites in Santa Catalina Island foxes reduced ear tumor prevalence by 99% and inflammation by 90%. The success story highlights the impact of preventative treatments on wildlife populations, with improved conditions for foxes' ear canals and a notable decline in tumors.
A phase 1 clinical trial found that enzalutamide is active and well-tolerated alone and with fulvestrant in patients with advanced breast cancer. The study supports a larger trial of the combination, building on promising preclinical data and targeting androgen receptors in breast cancer.
New research published in CMAJ found that older men taking alpha-blockers for prostate issues are at higher risk of ischemic stroke during the initiation phase. The study suggests caution when prescribing alpha-blockers to patients not already on other blood pressure medications.
Researchers have found that continuous intravenous infusions may not be appropriate for all patients with drug-resistant status epilepticus, while a sedative called ketamine is increasingly used as a treatment option. The duration of status epilepticus in children depends on factors such as the length of time between seizure onset and ...
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have conducted three studies demonstrating the effectiveness of new drug combinations in treating relapsed or treatment-resistant multiple myeloma. The trials showed impressive partial and complete remissions, as well as increased duration of remissions with tolerable side effects.
A study of 261 children with severe epilepsy found significant seizure reduction after taking pharmaceutical CBD (cannabidiol) in combination with anti-epileptic drugs. The frequency of seizures was reduced by a median of 45% in all participants, with some patients experiencing a 50% or greater reduction.
Four studies explore the interplay between epilepsy and aging, revealing unexpected consequences on the brain. Researchers found that uncontrolled epilepsy can lead to accelerated brain aging, while others discovered a link between traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic epilepsy in the elderly population.
A new randomized clinical trial found that acetaminophen does not provide benefits in fighting the flu or reducing symptoms. The trial involved adults with confirmed influenza infections, who were treated with paracetamol or placebo for five days.
Researchers report improvements in four children treated with gene therapy for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, including reduced bleeding events and improved immunologic symptoms. The treatment's long-term safety and efficacy remain to be assessed as the children are monitored for 15 years.