Youth need different approach to type 2 diabetes treatment
A major study found that medications used to treat diabetes in adults are not effective on youth. The disease is progressing rapidly in young people due to the growing obesity epidemic.
Drug Therapy
Articles tagged with Drug Therapy
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Novel nuclear medicine probe will help assess new drugs for neurodegenerative diseases
Researchers have developed a novel nuclear medicine probe that can detect synaptic density loss in the brain, a key biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. The probe, using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, has high imaging characteristics and is suitable for clinical trials and commercialization.
Men tolerate stress incontinence years before seeking help
A new study from UT Southwestern researchers highlights the importance of diagnosing and treating stress urinary incontinence in men, who often wait years before seeking help. The study recommends a standing cough test as a routine part of male patients' physicals to accurately diagnose and treat this condition.
Why being left-handed matters for mental health treatment
A study by Daniel Casasanto at Cornell University reveals that left-handed individuals' emotions are housed in the right side of their brains, contradicting traditional models. This suggests a revised approach to treating anxiety and depression, with strong left-handers potentially benefiting from an opposite treatment.
AcuraStem receives fast-track SBIR grant
AcuraStem has been awarded a $3.7 million SBIR grant to continue research on a small molecule therapeutic for ALS, utilizing induced motor neuron cellular models and precision platform iNeuroRx°. The grant supports the development of AS2015, targeting expansion repeats in the C9ORF72 gene.
No clear evidence that nicotine 'preloading' helps smokers to quit
A large trial found no significant difference in long-term smoking abstinence between nicotine preloading and standard therapy, as the beneficial effect may have been masked by a concurrent reduction in varenicline use. However, if overcome, nicotine preloading could lead to increased long-term abstinence rates.
Implantable device delivers drugs straight to the heart
Researchers developed a refillable, implantable device called Therepi that can deliver drugs and therapies directly to diseased tissue. The device increases heart function for more than four weeks when stem cells are repeatedly delivered.
Why are migraine patients skipping effective behavioral treatments?
A new study found that only half of migraine patients referred for behavioral treatment made an appointment, citing lack of time, cost concerns, and skepticism as barriers. Despite being first-line, safe, and effective treatments, many patients are not accessing these therapies due to perceived barriers.
Positive recommendation IDMC to Zepsyre® to continue Phase III trial small-cell lung cancer
IDMC recommends continuing Zepsyre® (lurbinectedin, PM1183) Phase III trial in small-cell lung cancer patients. The pivotal trial assesses the efficacy of PM1183 in combination with doxorubicin compared to standard treatments.
Potent new mechanism of action for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease revealed
A novel mechanism of action has been identified for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, showing promise for a new therapeutic approach. The study discovered that an orally active small molecule, ER-464195-01, suppresses leukocyte adhesion by binding to calreticulin and inhibiting integrin activation.
Researchers challenge genetic tests for guiding psychiatric treatment
The article highlights significant flaws in the design, implementation, and analysis of pharmacogenetic tests for treating major depressive disorder (MDD) and related psychiatric conditions. The researchers argue that these tests are not supported by robust evidence and may provide misleading information.
'Serendipitous' use of antimalarial drug may have improved outcome for cancer patient
A cancer patient with advanced ovarian cancer responded well to treatment with hydroxychloroquine and quinacrine, initially prescribed for an autoimmune disease. The case report suggests that repurposing antimalarial drugs may improve cancer outcomes.
Brain stimulation may reduce food cravings as obesity treatment
A new brain stimulation technique, dTMS, has shown promising results in reducing food cravings in obese patients. The study found that high-frequency dTMS significantly increased beta-endorphins levels, leading to a decrease in glucose and leptin levels, suggesting a potential safer alternative to treat obesity.
Ovarian cancer drug shows promise in pancreatic cancer patients with BRCA mutation
A phase II clinical trial suggests patients with aggressive pancreatic cancer who harbor BRCA mutations may benefit from rucaparib, a PARP inhibitor approved for ovarian cancer. The study found 32% of patients experienced a clinical benefit, including four patients with responses and two with stable disease.
Colon cancer -- Targeting tumor cell plasticity
Early-stage colon cancers can be surgically removed but later stages require targeted treatments. Researchers discovered that colon cancers are composed of two different cell types with the ability to replace each other after one is killed.
Researchers identify the most accurate risk prediction models for selecting whom to screen
Four risk prediction models have been shown to be most accurate for selecting the highest risk ever-smokers for lung cancer screening, suggesting that these findings can inform future lung cancer screening guidelines. The models picked similar numbers of ever-smokers and showed the best agreement on which ever-smokers to select.
Published study reports molecule could improve memory, reduce Alzheimer's degradation
A research study published at Purdue University identifies a small molecule SERCA activator that may improve memory and cognition, reducing cellular stress and preventing cell loss in neurons. The molecule corrects cells' calcium ion balance and represents a new therapeutic strategy for neurodegeneration drug development.
Equal subsidies 'surprisingly powerful,' in promoting use of gold-standard medications
A new study by Gonzalo Romero and colleagues suggests that equal subsidies for gold-standard medications can be an effective way to promote their use. In the worst-case scenario, this approach still reaches at least half of treatments, while in better conditions, it may achieve up to 85% of maximum possible drug treatment outcomes.
Switching off insatiable hunger
Researchers at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin have developed a new drug to treat patients with genetic obesity caused by a leptin receptor defect. The treatment has shown significant weight loss in patients, and the study's findings provide insights into the fundamental signaling pathways regulating satiety.
Using mathematical modeling and evolutionary principles important in treatment decisions
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center used mathematical modeling to show that adaptive drug treatments based on tumor responses are more effective than maximum-tolerated dose approaches. The approach can be tailored to specific tumor types, such as melanoma and breast cancer, and may lead to better patient outcomes.
How environmental pollutants and genetics work together in rheumatoid arthritis
A new mouse study reveals that environmental pollutants like dioxin and cigarette smoke interact with the HLA gene variant to cause more severe rheumatoid arthritis. The disease leads to excessive bone destruction through overactive osteoclasts, a process targeted by researchers for potential new treatments.
Three solutions to maximize the clinical benefit and affordability of targeted cancer drugs
To address escalating costs of targeted cancer drugs, a Penn-led group proposes three solutions: defining minimum clinically meaningful effect sizes for FDA approval, Medicare negotiating prices for targeted cancer drugs, and prioritizing effective treatments by clinical benefit and price. The recommendations aim to balance clinical be...
Diabetes drug may not reduce risk of death
A new study published in JAMA found that SGLT-2 inhibitor and GLP-1 agonist drugs were associated with reduced risk of death, while DPP-4 inhibitor drugs showed no significant benefit. The findings suggest these treatments may not be equally effective in preventing mortality.
New highly selective antitumor photodynamic therapy agents synthesized
Researchers at Lobachevsky University have developed a new generation of targeted anti-cancer drugs for photodynamic therapy. The newly synthesized molecules accumulate tens of times more efficiently and faster than existing photosensitizer parts, opening up possibilities for creating a new class of cancer treatments.
New blood pressure guidelines could put lives at risk, say experts
The new guidelines would classify an extra 31 million Americans as having hypertension, but experts say this could lead to increased anxiety and depression, as well as serious treatment side effects. Doctors should only treat patients with high cardiovascular disease risk using reliable calculators.
Fermentation byproduct suppresses seizures in nerve agent poisoning
Researchers discover urethane, a compound formed during beer and wine fermentation, is more effective at combating seizures caused by organophosphate nerve agents than the current recommended treatment. The study suggests urethane or its derivative may prevent seizures from developing into epilepsy.
PET tracer could help predict treatment effectiveness for depression
A new PET tracer has shown potential in predicting treatment effectiveness for depression by measuring the level of serotonin transporter protein in the brain. The study found that patients who responded to treatment had lower levels of this protein before treatment began, suggesting a biomarker for remission.
Single-cell mRNA cytometry via sequence-specific nanoparticle clustering and trapping
Researchers have developed a new technology that can characterize gene expression at the level of individual cells in prostate cancer. The technique uses magnetic nanoparticles to trap and analyze circulating tumor cells, allowing for rapid and accurate detection of biomarkers associated with drug resistance.
Rational protein engineering can improve effectiveness of mRNA therapies
Researchers developed novel strategies to engineer more stable and active proteins, enhancing mRNA therapy potential. Sequence engineering improved protein expression, duration, and enzymatic activity in mice.
Noninvasive stimulation device can help prevent migraine attacks
A new study published in Cephalalgia found that a single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation device can reduce the frequency of headache days by about three days per month. The device, called Spring TMS, was safe and easy to use, with 46% of patients experiencing at least 50% or less migraine attacks per month.
Largest-ever genetic study of stroke provides new insight into the disease
A massive international study of 520,000 people has identified 22 previously unknown genetic contributors to stroke, shedding light on the complex biology of the disease. The findings suggest that stroke shares common genetic influences with other vascular conditions and may lead to personalized treatments.
Single steroid-bronchodilator treatment for control and rescue improves persistent asthma
Researchers found that using a single corticosteroid and long-acting bronchodilator treatment for both daily asthma control and rescue relief is more effective than separate medications. This approach significantly reduces asthma attacks, hospitalizations, and emergency room visits.
Endocrine Society awards inaugural Baxter Prize to women's health entrepreneur
André Ulmann, a French physician and researcher, has won the inaugural Baxter Prize for his advances in women's health and rare endocrine conditions. He revolutionized treatment of uterine fibroids by developing a treatment that reduced hysterectomy surgeries.
Special focus issue of Therapeutic Delivery on the current status and opportunities for nanotechnology
A special focus issue of Therapeutic Delivery explores emerging concepts and advances in nanotechnology for drug delivery, covering topics such as lipoprotein nanoparticles and micro- and nanomotors. The issue aims to emphasize the importance and challenges facing this field.
A highly sensitive and multi-analytical system for hereditary kidney disease
Researchers from Kumamoto University have established a highly sensitive system to assess Col4 functionality, enabling the screening of therapeutic drug candidates. The detection system reduces labor and time costs compared to conventional methods, making it possible to analyze multiple compounds simultaneously.
ACP recommends moderate blood sugar control targets for most patients with type 2 diabetes
The American College of Physicians recommends a moderate blood sugar control target of 7-8% for most patients with type 2 diabetes. Achieving this level balances long-term benefits with potential harms such as low blood sugar, medication burden, and costs.
Lithium treatment for bipolar disorder linked to lowest risk of rehospitalisation
A study published in JAMA Psychiatry found that lithium treatment significantly reduces the risk of rehospitalization for individuals with bipolar disorder, with a 30% lower risk compared to no treatment. Long-acting injections of antipsychotics also showed promise, reducing the risk by 30%.
New research highlights ineffectiveness of 'wonder drug' for alcohol use disorders
A new study published in the Addiction journal found that baclofen is no more effective than placebo in treating alcohol use disorders. The meta-analysis revealed higher abstinent rates, but other outcomes failed to show an effect, including reduced cravings and negative mood states.
Promising treatment for Ebola to be tested at Texas Biomed
Scientists at Texas Biomedical Research Institute are set to test the experimental Ebola treatment ZMapp, which showed a 91% probability of preventing mortality in a previous study. The trial is part of a $2 million contract with Mapp Biopharmaceutical, Inc. and aims to determine the effectiveness of the therapy.
Cedars-Sinai and Emulate, Inc. advance precision medicine with organs-on-chips, stem cells
Scientists at Cedars-Sinai and Emulate are pioneering a Patient-on-a-Chip program to predict which disease treatments would be most effective for each patient. They leverage Organs-on-Chips technology to create an environment where cells exhibit unprecedented biological function, enabling personalized testing of drug treatments.
Asthma medication linked to infertility in women
Women with asthma who use short-acting asthma relievers take longer to become pregnant than those without asthma. In contrast, long-acting asthma preventers do not appear to reduce fertility, suggesting that improved asthma control could lead to faster conception rates.
Metabolomics, a promising tool for advancing in treatment personalization of oncological patients
Metabolomics offers a unique opportunity to examine genotype-phenotype and genotype-environment relationships in cancer patients. By analyzing metabolic profiles, researchers can identify specific signatures that predict pharmacological responses to treatments.
HDAC6 inhibitors protect against neuronal damage and have therapeutic potential
Researchers discovered that inhibiting HDAC6 improves the structural stability of cells, protecting against neuronal damage. This finding has therapeutic potential for treating peripheral neuropathies caused by Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and chemotherapy side effects.
New drug therapy could lead to more effective treatment for millions with asthma
Researchers identified a new treatment that relaxes muscles and opens airways in asthma, preventing pulmonary resistance. The treatment, TSG12, is non-toxic and more effective than current treatments, providing relief for millions with asthma.
Matchmaking for cancer care
A team of computer scientists has developed a new system to rapidly determine which cancer drugs are likely to work best given a patient's genetic markers. eGARD, the first publicly available system of its kind, can match genetic signatures with outcomes with 95 percent precision.
New evidence shows potential of two drugs to block malaria transmission
Researchers have identified two compounds that can safely block malaria transmission when added to existing treatment regimens, promising progress toward eliminating the disease. The study's findings suggest that these compounds can effectively prevent the spread of P. falciparum malaria, including its drug-resistant forms.
Landmark international study: CAR T-cell therapy safe and effective in youth with leukemia
A global, multicenter study has found CAR T-cell therapy to be safe and effective in treating patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell ALL. The therapy achieved an overall remission rate of 81% within 3 months of treatment, with a median length of remission lasting up to 20 months.
Investigation to combat muscular atrophy with implantable device
Researchers aim to prevent, slow or reverse muscle breakdown with a new drug compound and nano-channel delivery system. The implantable device will provide constant, steady drug delivery without injections or pills.
More stroke patients may receive crucial treatments under new guideline
The new guideline increases the window of time for selected patients to receive mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel strokes, up to 16 hours after a stroke. It also broadens eligibility for administering a clot-busting IV drug called alteplase, potentially increasing the number of people receiving intravenous clot-busting treatment.
Only 1 in 10 patients with anxiety disorders receives the right treatment
The study found that only 27.6% of individuals with anxiety disorders received appropriate treatment, with the remaining cases receiving inadequate care. The low treatment rate is attributed to factors such as lack of awareness, health system weaknesses, and stigma surrounding mental illnesses.
IDIBELL researchers successfully test a new combination therapy in sarcomas
The study tested a new combination of gemcitabine and sirolimus in patients with sarcomas, showing a 44% rate of patients free of progression at 3 months. Researchers believe the treatment's positive results warrant further evaluation in subsequent studies.
Veterans who learn Transcendental Meditation find relief from PTSD, new study shows
A new study published in Military Medicine found that veterans who learned Transcendental Meditation experienced significant reductions in PTSD symptoms after just one month. The study involved 41 veterans and 5 active-duty soldiers, with 80% showing clinically significant decreases in symptoms.
Can CranioSacral therapy improve symptoms of concussion & mild TBI among football players?
A preliminary study suggests that CranioSacral Therapy can improve range of motion, pain, sleep, and cognitive function in ex-NFL players with concussion and mild TBI. More clinical research data is needed to understand its effectiveness in treating post-concussive syndrome and potentially chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
Vanderbilt, Lundbeck to develop new approach to schizophrenia treatment
Vanderbilt University and Lundbeck are collaborating on a novel approach to treating schizophrenia. The Vanderbilt compounds, developed with support from the National Institute of Mental Health, have shown antipsychotic-like effects and improved cognitive performance in animal models.
How a tumor grows can predict response to cancer therapy
A new USC study reveals that tumor growth properties can influence response to cancer drugs. Researchers found certain parameters of tumor growth can forecast the effectiveness of anti-angiogenic treatment, allowing for more accurate predictions. This breakthrough has the potential to improve cancer therapy outcomes.
High out-of-pocket costs may place oral cancer medications out of reach
A study found that high out-of-pocket costs for oral cancer medications lead to prescription abandonment, even among those with insurance. Patients faced with costs over $2,000 were more likely to abandon their prescriptions, highlighting the need for strategies to improve patient access.
New 'checkpoint' model that could identify potential drugs to treat genetic disorders
A new 'checkpoint' model can identify potential drugs to treat genetic disorders by allowing compounds to bypass premature stop instructions once, reducing the risk of harmful protein generation. The model has been used to screen hundreds of genes and existing FDA-approved drugs, identifying two promising targets for drug development.
What factors affect quality of life in older patients with cancer?
A new study found that factors such as persistent symptoms, comorbidities, leisure-time physical activity, and financial challenges affect health-related quality of life in older adults with cancer. The research highlights the importance of comprehensive care that addresses these factors to improve outcomes for this vulnerable population.
Researchers identify way to weaken malaria parasites against popular drug treatment
A team of researchers identified a molecular mechanism leading to ART treatment failures in malaria parasites, finding that blocking a specific stress pathway prevents latent stage entry. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new approaches to combat malaria by preventing treatment failure.
Cystic fibrosis: Discovery of a key molecule for improving treatments
A team of researchers at the University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre has discovered a promising solution to improving treatments for cystic fibrosis. By adding quorum-sensing inhibitors to current drugs, they were able to restore treatment efficacy in cells of cystic fibrosis patients.