Articles tagged with Drug Therapy
A new brain stimulation technique, dTMS, has shown promising results in reducing food cravings in obese patients. The study found that high-frequency dTMS significantly increased beta-endorphins levels, leading to a decrease in glucose and leptin levels, suggesting a potential safer alternative to treat obesity.
A phase II clinical trial suggests patients with aggressive pancreatic cancer who harbor BRCA mutations may benefit from rucaparib, a PARP inhibitor approved for ovarian cancer. The study found 32% of patients experienced a clinical benefit, including four patients with responses and two with stable disease.
Early-stage colon cancers can be surgically removed but later stages require targeted treatments. Researchers discovered that colon cancers are composed of two different cell types with the ability to replace each other after one is killed.
Four risk prediction models have been shown to be most accurate for selecting the highest risk ever-smokers for lung cancer screening, suggesting that these findings can inform future lung cancer screening guidelines. The models picked similar numbers of ever-smokers and showed the best agreement on which ever-smokers to select.
A research study published at Purdue University identifies a small molecule SERCA activator that may improve memory and cognition, reducing cellular stress and preventing cell loss in neurons. The molecule corrects cells' calcium ion balance and represents a new therapeutic strategy for neurodegeneration drug development.
Researchers at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin have developed a new drug to treat patients with genetic obesity caused by a leptin receptor defect. The treatment has shown significant weight loss in patients, and the study's findings provide insights into the fundamental signaling pathways regulating satiety.
A new study by Gonzalo Romero and colleagues suggests that equal subsidies for gold-standard medications can be an effective way to promote their use. In the worst-case scenario, this approach still reaches at least half of treatments, while in better conditions, it may achieve up to 85% of maximum possible drug treatment outcomes.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center used mathematical modeling to show that adaptive drug treatments based on tumor responses are more effective than maximum-tolerated dose approaches. The approach can be tailored to specific tumor types, such as melanoma and breast cancer, and may lead to better patient outcomes.
A new mouse study reveals that environmental pollutants like dioxin and cigarette smoke interact with the HLA gene variant to cause more severe rheumatoid arthritis. The disease leads to excessive bone destruction through overactive osteoclasts, a process targeted by researchers for potential new treatments.
To address escalating costs of targeted cancer drugs, a Penn-led group proposes three solutions: defining minimum clinically meaningful effect sizes for FDA approval, Medicare negotiating prices for targeted cancer drugs, and prioritizing effective treatments by clinical benefit and price. The recommendations aim to balance clinical be...
Researchers at Lobachevsky University have developed a new generation of targeted anti-cancer drugs for photodynamic therapy. The newly synthesized molecules accumulate tens of times more efficiently and faster than existing photosensitizer parts, opening up possibilities for creating a new class of cancer treatments.
A new study published in JAMA found that SGLT-2 inhibitor and GLP-1 agonist drugs were associated with reduced risk of death, while DPP-4 inhibitor drugs showed no significant benefit. The findings suggest these treatments may not be equally effective in preventing mortality.
Researchers discover urethane, a compound formed during beer and wine fermentation, is more effective at combating seizures caused by organophosphate nerve agents than the current recommended treatment. The study suggests urethane or its derivative may prevent seizures from developing into epilepsy.
The new guidelines would classify an extra 31 million Americans as having hypertension, but experts say this could lead to increased anxiety and depression, as well as serious treatment side effects. Doctors should only treat patients with high cardiovascular disease risk using reliable calculators.
A new PET tracer has shown potential in predicting treatment effectiveness for depression by measuring the level of serotonin transporter protein in the brain. The study found that patients who responded to treatment had lower levels of this protein before treatment began, suggesting a biomarker for remission.
Researchers have developed a new technology that can characterize gene expression at the level of individual cells in prostate cancer. The technique uses magnetic nanoparticles to trap and analyze circulating tumor cells, allowing for rapid and accurate detection of biomarkers associated with drug resistance.
Researchers developed novel strategies to engineer more stable and active proteins, enhancing mRNA therapy potential. Sequence engineering improved protein expression, duration, and enzymatic activity in mice.
A massive international study of 520,000 people has identified 22 previously unknown genetic contributors to stroke, shedding light on the complex biology of the disease. The findings suggest that stroke shares common genetic influences with other vascular conditions and may lead to personalized treatments.
A new study published in Cephalalgia found that a single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation device can reduce the frequency of headache days by about three days per month. The device, called Spring TMS, was safe and easy to use, with 46% of patients experiencing at least 50% or less migraine attacks per month.
Researchers found that using a single corticosteroid and long-acting bronchodilator treatment for both daily asthma control and rescue relief is more effective than separate medications. This approach significantly reduces asthma attacks, hospitalizations, and emergency room visits.
André Ulmann, a French physician and researcher, has won the inaugural Baxter Prize for his advances in women's health and rare endocrine conditions. He revolutionized treatment of uterine fibroids by developing a treatment that reduced hysterectomy surgeries.
A special focus issue of Therapeutic Delivery explores emerging concepts and advances in nanotechnology for drug delivery, covering topics such as lipoprotein nanoparticles and micro- and nanomotors. The issue aims to emphasize the importance and challenges facing this field.
Researchers from Kumamoto University have established a highly sensitive system to assess Col4 functionality, enabling the screening of therapeutic drug candidates. The detection system reduces labor and time costs compared to conventional methods, making it possible to analyze multiple compounds simultaneously.
The American College of Physicians recommends a moderate blood sugar control target of 7-8% for most patients with type 2 diabetes. Achieving this level balances long-term benefits with potential harms such as low blood sugar, medication burden, and costs.
A study published in JAMA Psychiatry found that lithium treatment significantly reduces the risk of rehospitalization for individuals with bipolar disorder, with a 30% lower risk compared to no treatment. Long-acting injections of antipsychotics also showed promise, reducing the risk by 30%.
A new study published in the Addiction journal found that baclofen is no more effective than placebo in treating alcohol use disorders. The meta-analysis revealed higher abstinent rates, but other outcomes failed to show an effect, including reduced cravings and negative mood states.
Scientists at Texas Biomedical Research Institute are set to test the experimental Ebola treatment ZMapp, which showed a 91% probability of preventing mortality in a previous study. The trial is part of a $2 million contract with Mapp Biopharmaceutical, Inc. and aims to determine the effectiveness of the therapy.
Scientists at Cedars-Sinai and Emulate are pioneering a Patient-on-a-Chip program to predict which disease treatments would be most effective for each patient. They leverage Organs-on-Chips technology to create an environment where cells exhibit unprecedented biological function, enabling personalized testing of drug treatments.
Metabolomics offers a unique opportunity to examine genotype-phenotype and genotype-environment relationships in cancer patients. By analyzing metabolic profiles, researchers can identify specific signatures that predict pharmacological responses to treatments.
Women with asthma who use short-acting asthma relievers take longer to become pregnant than those without asthma. In contrast, long-acting asthma preventers do not appear to reduce fertility, suggesting that improved asthma control could lead to faster conception rates.
Researchers discovered that inhibiting HDAC6 improves the structural stability of cells, protecting against neuronal damage. This finding has therapeutic potential for treating peripheral neuropathies caused by Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and chemotherapy side effects.
Researchers identified a new treatment that relaxes muscles and opens airways in asthma, preventing pulmonary resistance. The treatment, TSG12, is non-toxic and more effective than current treatments, providing relief for millions with asthma.
A team of computer scientists has developed a new system to rapidly determine which cancer drugs are likely to work best given a patient's genetic markers. eGARD, the first publicly available system of its kind, can match genetic signatures with outcomes with 95 percent precision.
Researchers have identified two compounds that can safely block malaria transmission when added to existing treatment regimens, promising progress toward eliminating the disease. The study's findings suggest that these compounds can effectively prevent the spread of P. falciparum malaria, including its drug-resistant forms.
A global, multicenter study has found CAR T-cell therapy to be safe and effective in treating patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell ALL. The therapy achieved an overall remission rate of 81% within 3 months of treatment, with a median length of remission lasting up to 20 months.
Researchers aim to prevent, slow or reverse muscle breakdown with a new drug compound and nano-channel delivery system. The implantable device will provide constant, steady drug delivery without injections or pills.
The new guideline increases the window of time for selected patients to receive mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel strokes, up to 16 hours after a stroke. It also broadens eligibility for administering a clot-busting IV drug called alteplase, potentially increasing the number of people receiving intravenous clot-busting treatment.
The study found that only 27.6% of individuals with anxiety disorders received appropriate treatment, with the remaining cases receiving inadequate care. The low treatment rate is attributed to factors such as lack of awareness, health system weaknesses, and stigma surrounding mental illnesses.
The study tested a new combination of gemcitabine and sirolimus in patients with sarcomas, showing a 44% rate of patients free of progression at 3 months. Researchers believe the treatment's positive results warrant further evaluation in subsequent studies.
A new study published in Military Medicine found that veterans who learned Transcendental Meditation experienced significant reductions in PTSD symptoms after just one month. The study involved 41 veterans and 5 active-duty soldiers, with 80% showing clinically significant decreases in symptoms.
A preliminary study suggests that CranioSacral Therapy can improve range of motion, pain, sleep, and cognitive function in ex-NFL players with concussion and mild TBI. More clinical research data is needed to understand its effectiveness in treating post-concussive syndrome and potentially chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
Vanderbilt University and Lundbeck are collaborating on a novel approach to treating schizophrenia. The Vanderbilt compounds, developed with support from the National Institute of Mental Health, have shown antipsychotic-like effects and improved cognitive performance in animal models.
A new USC study reveals that tumor growth properties can influence response to cancer drugs. Researchers found certain parameters of tumor growth can forecast the effectiveness of anti-angiogenic treatment, allowing for more accurate predictions. This breakthrough has the potential to improve cancer therapy outcomes.
A study found that high out-of-pocket costs for oral cancer medications lead to prescription abandonment, even among those with insurance. Patients faced with costs over $2,000 were more likely to abandon their prescriptions, highlighting the need for strategies to improve patient access.
A new study found that factors such as persistent symptoms, comorbidities, leisure-time physical activity, and financial challenges affect health-related quality of life in older adults with cancer. The research highlights the importance of comprehensive care that addresses these factors to improve outcomes for this vulnerable population.
A new 'checkpoint' model can identify potential drugs to treat genetic disorders by allowing compounds to bypass premature stop instructions once, reducing the risk of harmful protein generation. The model has been used to screen hundreds of genes and existing FDA-approved drugs, identifying two promising targets for drug development.
A team of researchers identified a molecular mechanism leading to ART treatment failures in malaria parasites, finding that blocking a specific stress pathway prevents latent stage entry. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new approaches to combat malaria by preventing treatment failure.
A team of researchers at the University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre has discovered a promising solution to improving treatments for cystic fibrosis. By adding quorum-sensing inhibitors to current drugs, they were able to restore treatment efficacy in cells of cystic fibrosis patients.
A meta-analysis of trials involving nearly 5,000 patients found no differences in mortality between percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting. Percutaneous coronary intervention is less burdensome on patients, enabling rapid return to work without long-term hospitalization.
A landmark clinical trial has shown impressive results for a CAR-T cancer treatment in refractory large B-cell lymphoma patients, achieving complete remission in 42% of cases. However, severe side effects including cytokine release syndrome and neurologic problems were also observed, affecting up to 95% of patients.
A multidisciplinary team at IUPUI is developing and testing compounds for potential treatment of hydrocephalus. They have identified a strong candidate compound that shows promise in preclinical evaluations.
A new study examines the optimal amount and intensity of physical activity for patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Higher sub-maximal exercise capacity is associated with greater quality of life, while high-intensity exercise improves maximal exercise capacity.
This article reviews mental health disorder therapeutic modalities for the GMS, highlighting effective treatments like mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and music therapy. The authors emphasize the need for trained mental health professionals and propose community-based interventions to promote a better quality of life.
Researchers developed a simple, minimally-invasive test to predict which CFTR drug works best for each patient. Nasospheroids, grown from nasal samples, are exposed to drugs and their reactions measured, offering a quick alternative to rectal biopsy.
A study of people with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) found that effectiveness and adverse events are top concerns when choosing treatment. Patients are willing to trade off some drug efficacy for reduced risk of serious side effects, but out-of-pocket costs can significantly influence their choices.
A new study found a positive association between allopurol initiation and recurring doctor visits for gout, highlighting the need for regular chronic disease reviews to evaluate patients' preferences and eligibility for treatment. The study suggests that more frequent monitoring could reduce barriers to successfully treating gout.
A national cooperative group trial is making a handful of experts in rare leukemia available around the clock to reduce high mortality rates. The goal is to decrease induction mortality from 30% to 6.7% by providing timely management and care for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia.
A new approach, pharmacoscopy, has shown promising results in treating relapsed blood cancer. In the first clinical trial, 88.2% of patients achieved partial or complete remission with personalized therapies guided by pharmacoscopy.
A new study suggests that a breakthrough Alzheimer's treatment could leave millions of people without access to care due to the US healthcare system's limited capacity. The study identifies shortcomings in specialist diagnosis, diagnostic scanners, and infusion centers, and recommends measures to prepare for an Alzheimer's therapy.
A new study found that precision medicine for oncology is less precise for people of Latin American, African, and Asian ancestry due to the lack of diverse genetic population data. A computational tool called LumosVar was created to help researchers sort out potentially inaccurate results and improve precision medicine.