Scientists have identified a common site on both viruses that renders them defenseless to the same antibodies, paving the way for broad-spectrum therapies. The findings provide molecular proof of an anecdotal observation and could lead to the development of a universal vaccine against multiple hemorrhagic fever viruses.
Researchers found that high hippopotamus densities increased eutrophication and biodiversity loss in river pools during the dry season. However, no changes were observed in water chemistry or biodiversity during the wet season, highlighting human influence on watershed ecology.
A study found a significant link between low birth weight and left-handedness in two large sets of Japanese and Dutch newborn children. Left-handers averaged lower birth weights, with differences observed even within families.
A study published in BMJ Open reveals a large gender imbalance in cancer research funding, with male researchers receiving far greater funding than their female equivalents. The analysis of public and philanthropic funding data showed that men received 1.3 times more grants and £38% higher average grant values than women.
Researchers created 3D hierarchically organised carbon structures using a supermolecular sponge and salt, enabling rapid charging and high capacities in Lithium-ion batteries. These nano-diatoms could also be used as electrocatalysts for hydrogen production.
Researchers use X-ray laser to heat water from room temperature to 100,000 degrees Celsius in less than a tenth of a picosecond, producing an exotic state of matter. This study has significant implications for understanding the properties of water and its behavior under extreme conditions.
A University of Otago study found that New Zealanders with dementia and older men have poorer oral health, with dirtier and more decayed teeth. The researchers emphasize the need for improved oral care in aged residential care, citing higher rates of cognitive and physical impairments as a major challenge.
Astronomers found that planets in the habitable zone can abruptly freeze due to large obliquity variations or eccentricity changes, making a fraction of them uninhabitable. The study uses sophisticated ice sheet modeling and suggests orbital dynamics play a significant role in habitability.
A team of scientists discovered a key factor that unravels nucleosomes, allowing genes to activate. This finding provides new insights into the regulation of genes and has implications for understanding human diseases such as cancer.
Researchers at the University of York found that individuals with 'detail focus', a trait linked to autism, led to realistic cave drawings across Europe. They argued that drugs were unlikely behind this art movement.
A team of biophysicists from FAU presents a mathematically concise method for comparing different pricing models, predicting more accurately how parameters such as volatility change over time. This method enables researchers to identify triggering events in real-time and pinpoint invasive cancer cells.
A large study published in CMAJ found that gout is not associated with an increased risk of fracture. Researchers from Keele University studied over 31,000 patients with gout and their matched controls, finding a similar rate of fractures in both groups.
A study from Lund University reveals that older slow sand filters are more effective at cleaning drinking water due to the development of a specific ecosystem of bacteria. The use of 'sand starter' made from bacteria and sand from an older filter can improve new sand filters.
The use of digital recordings in medical visits holds great promise for improving healthcare outcomes, including enhanced patient engagement, shared decision-making, and education. However, the authors caution that there are pressing need to develop new policies on data collection, management, and storage.
Researchers at Florida State University emphasize the importance of early depression diagnosis in patients with coronary artery disease. Studies have shown that individuals with both CAD and depression experience significantly poorer health outcomes, including a two-fold higher risk of mortality. The article provides criteria for major...
Nebraska researchers have identified a simple equation to design less costly and more efficient catalysts for producing renewable hydrogen fuel. The team found that surrounding certain transition metals with specific environments can elevate their performance, making them viable alternatives to precious metals.
A position statement from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine emphasizes the need for medical evaluation over consumer sleep technology. While wearables and apps may provide valuable data, they are not a substitute for comprehensive testing.
The study found that the ice stream has lost about 12% of its mass over the past 45,000 years, with losses occurring during both warm and cold periods. This suggests that NEGIS is particularly sensitive to environmental changes, which may exacerbate the impact of anthropogenic climate change.
A new study published in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise found that a mindfulness-based stress reduction program was as effective as structured exercise programs in increasing physical activity and extending life expectancy. The program involved 2.5 hours of meditation, self-awareness, and breathing exercises per week.
Researchers studied Parkinson's patients with deep brain stimulation and found that brain activity alternates between the left and right sides of the brain while stepping. The introduction of a metronome improved accuracy and enhanced beta activity.
Researchers demonstrated that two common email encryption standards are vulnerable to attacks, compromising secure communication. The S/MIME standard is not suitable for secure communication due to outdated cryptography, while OpenPGP can be configured securely but often isn't.
Researchers at Georgia Tech created a wearable system that can recognize up to 22 different micro finger gestures, allowing users to control smart devices with simple hand movements. The technology uses acoustic chirps emitted from a ring and received by a wristband, enabling discreet interaction.
Research reveals that six-year-old minority children show an implicit pro-White bias when exposed to images of both White and Black children. However, this bias decreases with age, suggesting that the social environment plays a crucial role in shaping racial attitudes.
Research highlights transhemispheric ecosystem link spanning Pacific Ocean between pink salmon abundance and short-tailed shearwater populations. Declining short-tailed shearwater productivity linked to increasing pink salmon abundance in North Pacific Ocean.
A study published in PNAS reveals that the spatial organization of outer hair cells is crucial for amplifying and tuning sound. Researchers found that these cells can only produce high hearing sensitivity when arranged in their natural configuration with respect to surrounding structures.
Researchers characterized mEAK-7, a human equivalent of EAK-7, which regulates cell growth and development. The study found that mEAK-7 activates an alternative pathway in cells, potentially controlling disease progression. Disrupting this process could lead to new therapies for cancer and other diseases.
A new Danish-Vietnamese study has found that Vietnamese consumers buy rhino horn for symbolic gestures to console terminally ill family members, rather than traditional medical reasons. The study suggests that a legal trade of farmed rhino horn is unlikely to reduce poaching, and that other strategies are needed to address the problem.
A new analysis found a significant decline in direct-to-consumer TV ads conveying information about conditions and prevalence, while positive emotional appeals increased.
Middle-aged adults with lower socioeconomic status exhibit less organized functional brain networks and reduced cortical gray matter thickness compared to those with higher SES. The study suggests that SES influences brain anatomy and network organization across adulthood, playing a role in age-related brain decline.
A robot at Georgia Tech has learned to dress people by analyzing simulated examples of dressing a human. The robot uses its sense of touch to guide the garment onto a person's arm and predict the consequences of different motions.
Four risk prediction models have been shown to be most accurate for selecting the highest risk ever-smokers for lung cancer screening, suggesting that these findings can inform future lung cancer screening guidelines. The models picked similar numbers of ever-smokers and showed the best agreement on which ever-smokers to select.
Two family physicians reflect on how racism shapes their medical education and practice, highlighting the need for white physicians to acknowledge and address their own biases. They emphasize the importance of individual and institutional efforts to eliminate disparities in quality of care based on race.
Patients and caregivers prioritize clear accountability, continuity, and caring attitudes in care transitions. Effective services include actionable information, collaborative discharge planning, empathic communication, and uninterrupted care.
The new Canadian guideline recommends against routine screening for visual impairment in older adults living independently, as it does not prevent limitations on daily living. Instead, patients should make their own appointments for regular vision screening or seek help if they suspect visual problems.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have created a micrometer-wide thermometer that can measure small and rapid temperature changes in real time. The device is sensitive to heat generated by optical and electron beams, enabling its use in various fields such as photo-thermal cancer treatment and advanced research on crystals.
Research at Oregon State University found that silver nanoparticles can inhibit beneficial bacteria in wastewater treatment plants, leading to excessive nutrient levels and eutrophication. The study suggests that short-term exposure studies may underestimate the potential toxicity of long-term, low-concentration exposure situations.
Researchers have solved the mystery of steam burns, revealing that water vapour penetrates skin pores to cause second-degree burns. The epidermis cannot protect against steam, which condenses in the lower dermal layer, releasing thermal energy and triggering damage. To minimize damage, cooling is essential for a long time.
A simple visual screening tool can identify older adults at increased risk for dementia after a minor decline on the Mini-Mental-State-Examination. Early career family physicians with a broader scope of practice report lower burnout rates, while resilience training alone may not be enough to address burnout.
Researchers at Linköping University have developed a lignin-based fuel cell that converts the chemical energy of forest fuels into electricity without emitting carbon dioxide. The use of conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS as both electrode and proton conductor enables efficient proton-coupled electron transfer reactions.
Researchers have developed a technique to quantify 3D forces within cells using elastic microspheres filled with fluorescent nanoparticles. The study found that these mechanical forces play a fundamental role in cell physiology and may help unlock mysteries related to embryonic development and cancer stem cells.
Researchers studied rats' performance in a cognitive effort task, finding that brain regions involved in emotional responses and translating emotions into actions play key roles in decision-making. The study's findings have implications for understanding psychiatric disorders associated with defects in decision making.
Cancer cells express specific sugar receptors that can be targeted for better drug delivery. Researchers are developing nanocarrier formulations to accumulate in tumor sites and minimize side effects.
The study investigates the effects of different disturbance events on a simple microbial food web, finding that the type of disturbance affects bacterial communities and stability. The results highlight the importance of considering trophic interactions and time factors in ecological systems.
Researchers found substantially higher uncertainty than assumed in current climate change studies, with a median per capita output growth rate of 2.03% per year. This new understanding of uncertainty will affect policy planning globally.
A 25% increase in child visits led to a surge in care and workforce burden. Children under six accounted for 45% of additional daytime and 73% of out-of-hours visits.
Researchers found that poor functional status is associated with a higher incidence of initiating hemodialysis and increased risk of central venous catheter use. Elderly patients with poor functional status have an increased one-year mortality by 48 percent.
A study published in Medical Care found that homeless veterans are more likely to experience unplanned hospital readmissions after surgery, particularly those discharged to nursing homes. Homeless veterans were younger and had lower rates of medical diseases but higher rates of mental health problems, contributing to the increased risk.
A ketogenic diet has been found to protect retinal cells from degeneration in a mouse model of glaucoma, increasing energy availability. The study suggests that a ketogenic diet may help maintain vision in patients with glaucoma.
Scientists at Lomonosov Moscow State University developed a new material that can detect oxalate ions in food products, even at low concentrations. The material uses a dye agent to identify the presence of harmful ions, making it a highly sensitive tool for monitoring food safety.
A CAMH study analyzed over 1,000 brain scans to provide new insights into brain networks in people with autism. The personalized brain mapping approach showed that each person's brain has unique differences in network functioning despite sharing the same diagnosis.
The University of Arizona Sleep and Health Research Program has been awarded a $3.6 million grant to study sleep health along the US-Mexico border. The Nogales Cardiometabolic Health and Sleep Study aims to investigate the relationship between sleep disturbances and cardiometabolic disease risk factors.
Community health workers provide a range of functions including care coordination, health coaching, and social support to improve patient outcomes. By utilizing community health workers, care teams can better manage workload and improve patient care.
Researchers found that participants who received smaller servings consumed less alcohol, with a 20.7% - 22.3% decrease in one study and a 32.4% - 39.6% decrease in another. Reducing serving sizes could lead to 1,400 fewer deaths and 73,000 fewer hospital admissions annually.
A mouse study found that time-restricted feeding maintains normal food intake and reduces weight gain in obese mice. The researchers discovered that restricting food availability to one half of the day resets the normal timing of satiety signals, leading to less weight gain.
The team is using mycorrhizal fungi to stabilize soil and conserve water in restoration sites. By inoculating seedlings with native microbes, they aim to improve native plant survival and growth. The research also explores the differences between disturbed and pristine environments, informing ecological restoration efforts.
Research finds child abuse alters gene expression and myelin layer thickness in brain's Anterior Cingulate Cortex, a key region for mood regulation. This modification may underlie increased vulnerability to depression and other mood disorders in abused individuals.
Researchers found a new archetype of microbes living in Yellowstone National Park's thermal features that sheds light on the origin of life and the importance of iron in early Earth. The discovery is critical to understanding the universal tree of life and evolutionary history of the Earth.
Researchers studied 4,450 species in American tropics, finding Amazonia as primary source of diversity, with over 2,800 lineages. The study highlights the role of dispersal in assembling regional biotas across Mesoamerica and northern South America.
A new drug has been found to reduce symptoms and activate dormant neurons in preclinical models of Rett syndrome, a genetic disorder causing intellectual disability. The treatment, SB216763, also shows promise in improving quality of life by lengthening lifespan and reducing tremors and breathing difficulties.
Half of primary care patients face social challenges, leading to poorer health outcomes and reduced access to preventive services. More complex cases were associated with higher rates of ambulatory and emergency care visits.
A study found that asthma mortality rates are falling among younger people in the poorest areas compared to the wealthiest, but remain higher in older adults. Regional variations persist, with significant differences in outcomes across England.
A new study found that global carbon production from Chinese exports has slowed or reversed, as developing countries shift trade among themselves. The growth of South-South trade has more than doubled between 2004 and 2011, leading to a surge in CO2 emissions in regions like Vietnam and Bangladesh.
A new study by UC Santa Barbara community ecologist Keenan Stears examines how hippos shape the ecology of freshwater ecosystems. The research found that high-density hippo pools with excess nutrients cause dissolved oxygen levels to decline, leading to a decline in fish diversity and abundance.
A new co-management model between nurse practitioners and physicians reduces primary care clinician workload, alleviating burnout and fatigue. The effective model requires three core attributes: communication, mutual respect, and a shared philosophy of care.
A comprehensive genomic database for fishes has resolved evolutionary relationships among 131 species, including tuna and seahorses, and identified genetic markers to track divergence through time.
Researchers at Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center have developed a new, non-invasive approach to reshape the nasal tissue and improve airflow. The Vivaer Nasal Airway Remodeling device uses radiofrequency energy to treat nasal obstruction, a condition that affects millions of Americans.
The University of Alberta has successfully produced enough medical isotopes for 1,000 diagnostic procedures a day using a particle accelerator called a cyclotron. This innovation addresses the shortage of technetium-99m, a crucial isotope used in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
A new study by CU School of Medicine researchers found that dairy-based protein intake promoted greater weight gain while meat-based protein intake resulted in increased length gain. The study tested 64 formula-fed infants and found significant differences in growth patterns between the two groups.
Homo naledi had a small endocranial volume, suggesting a small brain compared to other Homo species. The study found occipital lobe asymmetry and lunate sulcus morphology similar to that seen in modern humans.
Researchers at Kobe University have discovered a Möbius aromatic molecule that exhibits strong antiaromatic properties when exposed to light. The twist in the molecule's structure allows for high energy levels and magnetism, which could be utilized in eco-friendly organic devices such as solar cells and electroluminescent elements.
A study of 133 veterans found that a gene variant may increase psychiatric symptoms, such as PTSD and depression, after traumatic brain injury. The researchers suggest possible explanations for this link, including the gene's effect on emotion regulation and vascular disease.
A neuroimaging study found that control aversion is linked to connectivity between brain regions and feelings of distrust. The study provided new insight into the influence of choice restriction on personal decisions.
Estimates of uncertainty in long-run economic growth forecasts indicate a need for greater caution in climate policy and social programs relying on long-run growth projections. The study suggests that there is a higher than assumed probability of exceeding the highest values in greenhouse gas emissions scenarios.
A study published in eNeuro demonstrates that memories can be transferred between organisms by extracting ribonucleic acid (RNA) from a trained animal and injecting it into an untrained animal. This finding provides new clues in the search for the physical basis of memory.
A new study published in The Lancet Global Health shows that a simple package of self-care significantly reduced acute attacks among podoconiosis patients. This community-based approach could have a significant impact on the incidence of acute attacks in people with podoconiosis, reducing suffering and stigma.
Physician burnout is caused by both unavoidable occupational suffering and avoidable systems failures. Resilience training helps with the former, while improving systems addresses the latter.
A new preclinical study finds that early BPA exposure may slow heart rates, cause irregular rhythms and calcium instabilities in developing hearts. The research highlights the need for alternative biomaterials to improve patient safety outcomes.
Researchers discovered that altered body odor can indicate malaria infection, even when microscopic tests fail. Machine learning models using volatile biomarkers reliably identify asymptomatic infections with 100% sensitivity.
Firat Testik, a UTSA professor, aims to enhance rainfall estimations and climate modeling with his research on microphysics of rainfall. He will focus on understanding raindrop collisions and size distribution to develop more accurate weather radar predictions.
The Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance has increased family medicine's research productivity and faculty participation, including scholars with less experience. The CERA model can be replicated in other specialties to facilitate collaborative research.
A female graduate student at FEFU has developed a new synthesis method for marine organic substances related to fascaplysin. The method allows for the production of compounds with higher activity than natural fascaplisin, promising for medicinal applications.
A Portland State University study found that older workers face significantly higher stress levels than younger colleagues when lacking autonomy, good relationships, and respect at work. The researchers suggest that employers provide essential resources to support all employees, particularly those nearing retirement.
A pilot study at Yale University found that reducing IV opioid dosing by 84% and switching to non-IV methods resulted in similar or improved pain scores for hospitalized patients. The study's findings suggest that less is more when it comes to prescription opioids for hospital patients.
Researchers have developed a non-invasive technique to measure the hardness of living tissues, which can influence organ formation during development. The method combines physical modeling and statistical estimation to estimate tissue hardness based on cell population deformation and mechanical forces applied to the tissue.
A new computational strategy simplifies complex cancer biomolecular data by emphasizing patient-to-patient variation in molecular signatures of cancer cells. This approach aims to provide a personalized treatment plan by analyzing the genetic makeup and impaired biological pathways of individual patients.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have developed a new method to screen for potential cancer drugs using three-dimensional ball-like aggregates of cells called spheroids. They have identified one compound that affects a key cancer-driving protein, paving the way for more effective treatments.
Researchers have developed a new technique called spectrally resolved fiber photometry (SRFP) that can measure the activity of two distinct neuron groups in the mouse brain. This method allows for the simultaneous measurement of neural activity in both healthy and diseased brains, shedding light on neurological disorders such as Parkin...
A new study provides a framework to identify geographical hotspots that can protect wild places and species from biodiversity loss. The study suggests that the exact location of protected areas is vital to wildlife survival, and that Canada's diverse ecosystems require careful consideration in their conservation.
An international study found that proposed changes to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) could lead to a 57% reduction in moderate PTSD diagnoses. The study examined almost 4,000 individuals from six countries and showed that severe PTSD cases increased by up to 36%, while moderate cases decreased by more than half.
Children with high-grade brain tumors could benefit from targeted treatment personalized to their genetic mutations. Research found that Avastin, an adult cancer drug, improved survival rates in children with specific MAPK gene mutations.
Research reveals that underweight and very obese women should aim for specific weight gain ranges during pregnancy for a balanced risk of having small or large babies. An online calculator has been developed to provide personalized recommendations based on individual BMI.
A new study examines clinical, functional, and neurophysiological outcomes in 121 long-term childhood cancer survivors. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy can be a potentially long-lasting adverse effect of chemotherapy agents.
A new study finds that lead pollution in Greenland ice closely tracks known plagues, wars, social unrest and imperial expansions during European antiquity. The team's detailed analysis reveals that lead emissions rose and fell along with historical events, including the rise of the Roman Empire.
Scientists have developed a new catalyst that can integrate fluorine atoms into organic molecules, improving pharmaceuticals and medical imaging technology. The catalyst is specifically tuned to perform the same function as biological enzymes but is more widely applicable and has been designed using computational analysis.
A mixed methods study found that case management reduces psychological distress in patients with high healthcare usage. The intervention improved accessibility and self-management support, leading to a sense of security among patients.
Researchers investigate how populations across different locations respond to environmental changes, aiming to improve fisheries management and conservation. By analyzing hierarchical dynamical systems, the study sheds light on species populations and predicts factors that increase the risks of extinction.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have isolated a protein supercomplex from a bacterial membrane that generates a voltage across the bacterial membrane, enabling efficient ATP production. The study's findings will inform future efforts to obtain the atomic structures of large membrane protein supercomplexes.
A new study reveals that India experiences an average of 239,000 excess female child mortality annually, primarily in rural areas with lower education and socioeconomic development. The researchers argue that addressing gender discrimination is crucial to reducing mortality rates among girls under five.
Researchers have developed a molecule that can block multiple strains of the common cold virus from hijacking human cells. The molecule targets N-myristoyltransferase, a protein in human cells, making emergence of resistant viruses highly unlikely.
A new 'scoring' system developed by Johns Hopkins Medicine enhances the prediction of survival in people with colorectal cancers that have spread to the liver. The system includes traditional Fong indicators plus genetic and morphological evaluation (GAME) factors, which outperform the existing Fong system in predicting patient outcomes.
Researchers created high-performance lithium metal electrodes with over 10 mAh cm-2 capacity and 98% efficiency. The innovative design enables reversible, dendrite-free battery operation and paves the way for future-generation high-energy batteries.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Cancer Center have made a breakthrough discovery that could improve immune therapy for triple-negative breast cancer. They found that a protein called Eya3 plays a key role in activating PD-L1, which helps cancer cells evade the immune system.
Researchers found that healthy octogenarians have high cholesterol efflux capacity, a trait linked to reduced early signs of atherosclerosis. Additionally, two microRNAs were identified as drivers of programmed cell death in fat cells, suggesting a potential target for sustainable weight loss.
Researchers found that inheriting a variation in the PM20D1 gene increases the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, making it an excellent candidate for clinical prevention trials. The study highlights the importance of international scientific collaboration and multidisciplinary research to tackle complex diseases like dementia.
Researchers at RIKEN have discovered a hormone-like peptide in plants that increases their resistance to excessive salt. The peptide, AT13, enhances salinity stress tolerance and can be applied as a natural supplement for crops growing in high-salt conditions.
A study by Duke University Medical Center researchers has identified early cell movement as a potential indicator of malignant tumors in colorectal cancer. The team analyzed 19 human colorectal tumors, finding that invasive samples exhibited signatures of abnormal cell movement more frequently than benign tumors.
Researchers at UCLA have successfully transferred a memory from one marine snail to another by injecting RNA, creating an artificial memory. The study could lead to new ways to lessen the trauma of painful memories and restore lost ones.
Researchers are studying how stress produces pain and developing a potential treatment for stress-related chronic pain conditions. The team, led by Dr. Frank Porreca, will analyze neurons in the amygdala that respond to stress through signaling at the kappa opioid receptor.
A new study reveals that pharmaceutical payments to doctors increase their opioid prescribing rates, with a 9.3% spike in opioid claims among those who received marketing in 2015. The study recommends regulatory limits on payments to curb the problem.
Researchers from Lobachevsky University and Nanyang Technological University have developed a new method for obtaining bismuth-containing apatite, a material with antimicrobial properties. The team used solid-phase synthesis and thermodynamic modeling to study the compound's crystal structure and behavior under operating conditions.
A recent study found that cannabis use among parents with children at home nearly quadrupled between 2002 and 2015, increasing from 5% to 7%, while cigarette smoking declined. This increase may compromise progress in reducing secondhand smoke exposure, particularly among certain subpopulations.
Researchers at Michigan State University have identified how MRSA absorbs human fatty acids to resist antimicrobials, providing a new target for developing more effective treatments. By inhibiting the cell membrane's ability to produce lipids, scientists may improve the efficacy of existing antibacterial agents like triclosan.
Researchers found that nouns slow down speech more frequently than verbs, indicating difficulties with planning noun utterances. This discovery has implications for understanding human language processing and suggests universal long-term effects on grammar evolution.
Researchers can track brain states using wrist-worn wearables, predicting mental-stress-related diseases like chronic fatigue syndrome. This technology improves diagnosis and treatment by providing real-time data on skin conductance and cortisol levels.
Leading experts recommend a novel pricing strategy to increase access to hepatitis C treatment, particularly for vulnerable populations. States can leverage competition among drug manufacturers to save money while ensuring treatment for a larger share of the population.
A recent study found that one of the most widely prescribed antibiotics does not meet expected success rates, while another is as effective as newer drugs. The study suggests re-evaluating old antibiotics against modern standards to ensure patient well-being and restrict newer antibiotic use.
Researchers found that nitric oxide deficiencies can underlie heart failure, while low levels may cause GPCRs to activate harmful pathways. Managing nitric oxide could help improve heart function and reduce side effects of existing medications.
Researchers found that patients and caregivers prioritize caring attitudes, accountability, and continuity of care during hospital discharge processes. These outcomes lead to excellent and trustworthy care, but poor care can result in mistrust, anxiety, and confusion.
A simple visual screening tool, VAT, shows increased predictive value for dementia risk when combined with MMSE score declines. The tool may help identify older adults at increased risk of developing dementia.
A new study reveals that the removal of roadkill by urban scavengers is a significant factor in underestimating roadkill numbers, particularly for small animals. The study found that scavengers such as crows, gulls, and foxes play an under-appreciated role in removing carcasses from roads.
A new tool can predict a person's eye, hair, and skin color from a small DNA sample, providing a physical description. The HIrisPlex-S system is capable of predicting all three pigment traits simultaneously using freely available webtool.
A recent study found that heroin users derive more pleasure from using it at home, while cocaine users enjoy it more outside. The brain regions involved in processing drug reward and context were activated during the emotional imagery task.
Scientists at Stanford University School of Medicine have invented a litmus test for the effectiveness of a newly devised cancer therapy using a radioactive tracer that tracks activated immune cells. The tracer's capabilities also make it a powerful tool to detect autoimmune diseases.
A challenge to Canada's Genetic Non-Discrimination Act could lead to widespread genetic discrimination if the law is overturned. The act protects genetic test information from being required in contracts or by employers and insurers.
Researchers found that Homo naledi's brain had a human-like shape and structure, similar to humans, but smaller in size. The study suggests that the species' behavior may have reflected the shape of its brain more than its size, raising new questions about human evolution and the evolution of brain size.
Researchers discovered that porcine deltacoronavirus can infect human cells by binding to aminopeptidase N, which is conserved across animal species; this suggests a possible mechanism of transmission from pigs to other animals and potentially humans.
Researchers have discovered universal antibodies that can recognize and neutralize a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, yeasts, and viruses. These breakthrough findings hold promise for developing new treatments for life-threatening infections, particularly in patients with weakened immune systems.
A study found that nonresearch payments from pharmaceutical industry marketing of opioid products were associated with higher opioid prescribing rates. The research used two U.S databases to identify all nonresearch payments and gather information on opioid prescriptions written by physicians for Medicare beneficiaries in 2015.
A recent study published in The American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology has found that the duration, not peak exposure, is key to maturing preterm lungs. This breakthrough could lead to safer and more effective antenatal steroid treatment, benefiting millions of families worldwide.
Researchers found that virtual avatar-to-avatar interviews increased accurate information recall by up to 60% compared to traditional face-to-face interviews. This innovative approach reduces distractions and promotes honesty, making eyewitness testimony more reliable.
Researchers at FAU have discovered a special mechanism that regulates tumour growth in lung cancer, opening up new possibilities in the treatment of lung cancer patients. The discovery reveals that lung tumours can reprogram the immune response, leading to the suppression of anti-tumour cells and promoting tumour growth.
A team of biologists and computer scientists have developed a time-based machine-learning approach to understand the temporal logic of nitrogen signaling in plants. This discovery has significant implications for global food production and sustainable agriculture by potentially offering new ways to monitor and enhance crop growth using...
Researchers have identified over 100 potential new targets for cancer treatment using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry technology, which could lead to the development of personalized medicine and targeted therapies.
A study finds no correlation between atmospheric CO2 levels and forest expansion/decline, with nations' forest resources mirroring the UN Human Development Index. Forest growth is attributed to factors such as urbanization, market-oriented agriculture, and improved agricultural technologies.
Researchers analyzed precisely dated measurements of lead pollution in Greenland ice cores to uncover links between estimated lead emissions and historical events. The study found that lead pollution increased during periods of prosperity, such as the Phoenician expansion, and peaked under the Roman Empire.
The new model allows researchers to conduct multiple clinical trials across several cancer types, lessen expenses, and increase the likelihood of finding medical solutions. This approach has already led to a new standard of care for chronic myeloid leukemia treatment and expanded program opportunities.
A study by the Annenberg Public Policy Center found that parents think PG-13 movies with unjustified gun violence are more suitable for 16-year-olds than those with justified violence. Parents also reported becoming desensitized to violence when repeatedly exposed to it, but this was more pronounced in scenes without justification.
Researchers analyzed national hospitalization data from 2010-2014 and found that MRSA-related hospitalization costs were approximately the same as or less expensive than hospitalizations with MSSA infections. However, patients with MRSA infections had a greater likelihood of mortality than those with MSSA.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History launched the Color Game, an app designed to study language evolution by having players communicate specific colors using a series of black and white symbols. The game allows large numbers of participants to interact freely and build shared visual languages.
Researchers at ASRC developed a new technique using PTX symmetry to design ultra-sensitive radio-frequency sensors. The method allows for high-quality readings in a miniaturized footprint, improving data gathering from hard-to-monitor environments.
New research finds high job strain associated with increased risk of developing depression and anxiety in middle-aged workers. Workplaces can adopt measures to reduce job strain, including increasing worker control, to prevent up to 14% of common mental illness cases.
University of Illinois engineers create 3D rolled-up transformers that take up to 100 times less space, perform better, and have a simpler fabrication process than traditional designs. The new design enables high-frequency signals and integration into IoT applications.
Exposure to high levels of air pollution during pregnancy is associated with elevated systolic blood pressure in childhood. The study analyzed data from 1,293 mothers and their children, finding that those exposed to higher levels of fine particulate matter had a 61% increased risk of elevated blood pressure.
Distinct profiles of volatile skin emissions were found in malaria-infected individuals compared to uninfected ones. Machine learning models successfully identified asymptomatic infections based on skin volatile profiles, even at low parasite loads undetectable by microscopy.
A new theory explains the behavior of individual atoms in a recent experiment, revealing the existence of 'quantum many-body scars' that could help create robust quantum dynamics. This phenomenon is crucial for keeping atoms in a quantum state, which is necessary for processing and storing information in quantum computers.
A recent study published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine found that men with highly physical jobs have an 18% higher risk of early death compared to those with inactive work. The analysis controlled for leisure time physical activity and found no such association among women.
A recent study suggests that plants and animals in Latin America originated from the Amazon, highlighting a dynamic process of colonization and speciation. The research found that natural dispersal events played a crucial role in shaping the American tropics' exceptional biodiversity.
A new study published in PNAS found that the brain's ventromedial prefrontal cortex plays a key role in forming expectations underlying effort-based choices. The study used fMRI to model neural computations for effort and reward, revealing a clear role for three brain regions: the vmPFC, dACC, and aI.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma are developing quantum-enhanced plasmonic sensors that can detect biosamples, monitor atmospheric conditions, and analyze chemicals with enhanced sensitivity. The new technology has the potential to revolutionize fields like metrology and chemical detection.
New research at the University of Illinois reveals that wing geometrics can be designed to reduce or eliminate wingtip vortices almost entirely. The study simulated flow about three classic wing configurations, finding that Jones and Prandtl wing designs had weaker wakes. The findings hold implications for aircraft design, flight safet...
Graptoloids' species evolution and extinction rates exhibit multimillion-year rhythms linked to periodic astronomical oscillations. Astronomical processes likely shaped the evolution of early complex life on Earth.
A new pig virus, porcine deltacoronavirus, has been found to be transmitted to humans and other species through cellular receptors. Researchers have confirmed the virus's ability to bind to cells in pigs and other animals, raising concerns about its potential to cause disease.
Seong-Hoon Cho, a UTIA researcher, will spend six months in South Korea designing the country's framework for forest carbon sequestration payments. The project aims to optimize risk/reward trade-offs and encourage forest carbon sequestration through innovative economics and finance modeling.
Researchers manipulated brain activity and stress hormone levels to control self-inflicted bite wounds in rats, identifying key brain regions involved in self-injurious behavior. The study provides new insights into the regulation of compulsive self-biting and its relationship with stress and reward processing.
A study has isolated colistin-resistant E. coli from commercial poultry farms in China and hospital patients, revealing the coexistence of mcr-1 and mcr-3 resistance genes on a single plasmid. This finding poses a significant threat to public health due to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes.
A recent study found that yogurt consumption can improve the integrity of the intestinal lining and reduce pro-inflammatory molecules, thereby reducing chronic inflammation. The study enrolled 120 premenopausal women who consumed either low-fat yogurt or non-dairy pudding for nine weeks, showing significant improvements in certain key ...
A new study from the University of Texas at Dallas found a relationship between socioeconomic status and brain function in adults, with higher SES associated with more organized brain networks and thicker cortex. This suggests that socioeconomic factors may impact brain health even in middle age.
Early career family physicians with broader scopes of practice report lower burnout rates, particularly in obstetrics and inpatient medicine. This association may inform policy levers and incentives for improving healthcare systems and physician wellness.
Scientists have successfully connected, merged and arranged artificial cells to form complex tissue structures with different connectivity types. This breakthrough enables the creation of artificial cell networks that mimic biological tissues.
The AVENUE project, led by the University of Geneva, aims to develop and test autonomous vehicle services in European cities. The project will focus on optimizing itineraries, in- and out-of-vehicle services, and addressing security concerns. Geneva is one of the pilot sites for the large-scale tests.