Researchers developed an AI tool that analyzes routine electronic health records to predict ADHD risk in children years before a typical diagnosis. The model accurately identified risk in children age 5 and older, with consistent performance across patient characteristics.
A team of researchers has achieved a major milestone in developing a new treatment aimed at helping the body repair damaged joints at the source. The experimental treatments have shown promising results in animal models, restoring joint tissue to near-normal levels and significantly reducing pain markers for long periods.
The largest behavioral study on kidney stone prevention tested a hydration program with Bluetooth-enabled smart water bottles and personalized hydration goals. While participants did hydrate more, the increase wasn't large enough to lower symptomatic kidney stone recurrence across the group.
A 16-year study found that 87% of children with single-ventricle heart disease either died or developed a major health problem over time. The study provides new direction for improving care and offers guidance for tailoring therapies to each child.
A study published in the journal Immunity has discovered that resident macrophages play a key role in regulating eye pressure, suggesting a promising new target for therapies to prevent glaucoma. The findings highlight the importance of the immune system in maintaining healthy eye pressure.
A new study from Duke University Medical Center suggests that a simple blood test can accurately predict short-term survival in older adults by detecting specific piRNA molecules. Lower levels of these molecules are linked to longer survival, echoing patterns seen in simple organisms where reducing them can extend lifespan.
Researchers identify basal stem-like cells as the origin of small cell lung cancer, providing a major shift in understanding this deadly disease. The study's findings allow for exploration of strategies to prevent the disease before it evades the immune system and spreads.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center discovered stress-induced regenerative capabilities in human ankle cartilage, which shares similarities with salamander's ability to regenerate severed limbs. This finding provides a new potential framework for joint repair and may lead to optimizing innate restorative function.
A survey of patients showed a slight preference for AI-drafted messages due to their length and empathetic tone, but overall satisfaction was high regardless of the author. However, disclosing AI involvement reduced patient satisfaction by just 0.1 points on a 5-point scale.
The study found that women who underwent active monitoring had a lower rate of invasive cancer (4.2%) compared to those who received surgery and radiation (5.9%). The researchers suggest that active monitoring may be a safe alternative for treating low-risk DCIS, especially when combined with hormone-blocking treatment.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that Black men with metastatic prostate cancer have the greatest survival benefit from sipuleucel-T immunotherapy, possibly due to a genetic variant that encourages an inflammatory response. The study could lead to targeted treatment for patients who will benefit most
A new study finds that estrogens decrease the ability of immune cells to attack tumors and reduce the effectiveness of immunotherapies, including in triple-negative breast cancers. Anti-estrogen drugs have been shown to reverse these effects, restoring potency to immunotherapies and slowing tumor growth.
Researchers discovered that low testosterone levels stimulate cancer cell proliferation, while high doses cause differentiation and suppress growth. This finding could help physicians select patients for bi-polar androgen therapy, a technique using monthly high-dose testosterone injections.
A large study found that wearable heart monitors increased diagnoses of atrial fibrillation by 52% compared to usual care. However, it did not lead to a significant reduction in hospitalizations due to stroke. The study's findings provide inconclusive data on the effectiveness of screening for atrial fibrillation in reducing stroke risk.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that some e-cigarettes contain chemicals similar to nicotine, but with unknown health effects, and are not accurately disclosed on packaging. The study also discovered that manufacturers may be attempting to avoid FDA regulation by using these chemicals.
Researchers identified a common genetic variation that appears to protect against ALS by reducing levels of a protein blocking the IGF-1 signaling pathway. This finding suggests a potential new approach to targeting IGF-1 as a treatment for ALS.
A new study by Duke University Medical Center finds that over half of commonly used medications for astronauts might expire before a three-year journey to Mars. The study highlights the need for space agencies to plan for expired medications, which could pose a challenge for crew health.
A study from Duke University Medical Center found that certain state gun laws are associated with decreased suicide rates among children under 18, but have little influence on homicide rates. The researchers called for more laws and controlled access to guns to reduce child deaths.
A Duke Health research team identified how the aging process prompts certain liver cells to die off and found a way to reverse the process in mice using an investigational drug. The study's findings hold high promise for people with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, or MASLD.
A trial of an HIV vaccine candidate at Duke University Medical Center triggered broadly neutralizing antibodies in a small group of participants, providing proof that a vaccine can elicit these essential immune responses. The vaccine targetted the MPER region of the HIV outer envelope, which remains stable as the virus mutates.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a synthetic molecule that mimics the effects of compounds in the saliva of blood-sucking critters, providing a dual-action anti-clotting function. The new molecule can be swiftly reversed, enabling clotting to resume when needed after treatment.
A new approach developed by Duke Human Vaccine Institute guides the immune system through specific steps to make broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV. The mutation-guided vaccine strategy has shown promise in triggering the immune system to produce desired antibodies, potentially applicable to vaccines targeting other diseases.
Researchers developed a blood test that accurately predicted knee osteoarthritis development and progression, detecting molecular signals eight years before x-ray diagnosis. This breakthrough offers new hope for early intervention and therapeutic strategies to slow disease progression and restore joint health.
A study analyzing 187 published studies on infectious disease outbreaks found that the COVID-19 pandemic led to a growing acceptance among doctors to withhold care due to safety concerns. Labor rights and workers' protections were cited as key reasons, differing from previous outbreaks like HIV.
A two-question survey identifies patients at risk of poor pain outcomes, who are then steered to holistic services with significant reductions in morphine dose. Holistic interventions, including pain management and behavioral health programs, lead to better outcomes than traditional chronic pain management approaches.
A study by Duke University researchers found that an overgrowth of nerve cells in the bladder may be responsible for persistent pain and urinary frequency after recurrent UTIs. The team identified a potential new treatment strategy by targeting mast cells, which release chemicals that drive nerve growth factor and increase sensitivity.
A simple EEG before surgery can detect a signal of cognitive vulnerability, predicting which patients are at risk of post-operative confusion and attention problems. Researchers found that this test successfully detected disordered arousal or attention in older adults, helping identify the degree to which they'd experience problems.
Breast cancer incidence is higher in urban areas with poor environmental quality, especially at early stages. The study found a significant association between environmental exposure and breast cancer incidence, with varying levels of impact depending on the stage of cancer.
A novel study suggests that nanoparticles of polystyrene plastic can interact with the protein alpha-synuclein in the brain, promoting conditions for Parkinson's disease. This finding raises concerns about the impact of environmental factors on human biology and highlights the need for further research.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that combining immunotherapy with an investigational ATR kinase inhibitor improved anti-tumor effects in studies using mice. This approach could be especially effective for patients with mismatch repair deficient tumors who do not respond to immunotherapy alone.
A new antibiotic approach has been developed to target Lyme disease, leveraging a molecular warhead that annihilates the bacterium using light. The technique shows promise not only against bacteria but also fungi and viruses.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have developed a single nanoparticle vaccine that protects against SARS-CoV-1 and MERS coronaviruses in addition to SARS-CoV-2.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center developed a new monoclonal antibody that successfully prevented organ rejection in primates undergoing kidney and islet transplantations. The findings suggest a safer alternative to existing immunosuppressive drugs, reducing side effects and improving graft survival rates.
Researchers have developed a blood test that detects Parkinson's disease by quantifying DNA damage in mitochondrial cells. The test has been shown to identify patients with and without the genetic mutation LRRK2, potentially leading to early diagnosis and targeted therapies.
A study published in Nature found no link between the pancreatic microbiome and the development of pancreatic cancer, contradicting earlier findings that suggested a potential method for preventing the disease. The researchers reanalyzed data from an original study and used pancreatic cancer tissue samples to confirm their results.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have identified a fatty molecule in breast milk that triggers a process in which stem cells produce new white matter, reversing neurological damage. This finding holds promise for developing therapies to treat preterm babies with cerebral palsy.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have discovered that surgically joining the circulatory systems of a young and old mouse slows the aging process at the cellular level, lengthening the lifespan of the older animal. The benefits were found to be more durable with longer shared circulation periods.
A machine learning model developed by Duke Health researchers can differentiate normal cognition from mild cognitive impairment using retinal images from the eye. The model achieved a sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 83%, identifying specific features in OCT and OCTA images that signal cognitive impairment. This non-invasive metho...
Duke researchers discovered a new approach to CRISPR RNA variants that can specifically target challenging areas of DNA for editing. This improvement enables the repair of mutations associated with more diseases, leading to safer and more effective gene editing therapy.
Researchers discovered tirzepatide's unique ability to activate both GLP-1 and GIP receptors, leading to increased insulin secretion. This finding validates the potential of multi-receptor agonists for treating metabolic diseases.
Researchers identified the cause of Glutaric Aciduria Type I (GA-1), a metabolic disease common among people with Native American heritage. The toxic substances were found to accumulate in the liver and cross the blood-brain barrier, leading to neurological damage.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center identified the nervous system as a key player in anaphylaxis reactions, which cause sudden drops in body temperature and blood pressure. The study suggests new targets for therapies to prevent or treat severe allergic shock.
A Duke University research team has identified a set of biomarkers that could help distinguish between cysts on the pancreas that are likely to develop into cancer and those that will remain benign. The findings have significant implications for preventing the development of pancreatic cancer, which is on the rise and is notorious for ...
A new blood test for osteoarthritis progression has been developed at Duke University Medical Center, providing an important tool for researchers to advance the discovery of new therapies. The test uses a biomarker and accurately predicts 73% of progressors from non-progressors among patients with knee osteoarthritis.
A study by Duke University Medical Center reveals that loss of smell in long COVID-19 is caused by an ongoing immune assault on olfactory nerve cells and a decline in their number. The finding also sheds light on possible underlying causes of other long COVID-19 symptoms.
A large genome-wide analysis of 633,778 U.S. military veterans identified four genes associated with an increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. These findings advance understanding of inherited risk factors in the pathology of suicidal thoughts and actions.
A recent study by Duke University researchers has identified key risk factors for Black men diagnosed with early-onset prostate cancer. Genetic variants and a family history of cancer are associated with an increased risk of developing the disease. The study's findings could help reduce racial disparities in prostate cancer outcomes.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center identified a protein complex called NLRP3 inflammasome that drives hyper-progression of melanoma cells treated with checkpoint inhibitors. A blood-based biomarker and tumor tissue-based biomarker can predict disease resistance and hyper-progression.
A new gene classifier has been developed to predict the risk of breast pre-cancer progression in women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The study identified 812 genes associated with cancer progression and found that most DCIS cancers were at low risk for recurrence or progression.
A study published in Nature Microbiology reveals that a protein complex called SMC5/6 initiates a process that silences HIV DNA proviruses, leading to latent infections. The researchers propose a molecule that inhibits this action as a potential therapeutic strategy to reactivate latent HIV-1 and help clear the body of infectious virus.