Researchers found that breathing unfiltered highway air significantly increases passengers' blood pressure during rush-hour traffic. The study's findings suggest a complex mechanism by which traffic-related air pollution interferes with blood pressure regulation.
Researchers found that using doctor- and patient-oriented materials improved conversations about erectile dysfunction (ED) among Asian men with diabetes. The study suggests that these materials can encourage treatment of ED, particularly in cultures where sex is viewed as taboo.
Researchers found a unique resonance phenomenon in the crevice cave that amplifies and lengthens sound at a specific frequency, which may have impacted beliefs associated with it. The study suggests that this resonance could be an exceptional sound phenomenon for the people living in the region centuries ago.
A new study from Yale University finds that prenatal exposure to discrimination and acculturation can alter the brain circuitry of infants. Researchers used MRI to assess brain connectivity in 38 infants born to mothers who experienced discrimination during pregnancy. The findings suggest a unique impact on the infant's brain, particul...
Researchers have developed a novel approach using tensor networks to bridge quantum concepts with machine learning, enabling efficient construction of probabilistic models from quantum states. This framework offers enhanced interpretability comparable to classical probabilistic machine learning.
Research reveals that brain inflammation is the primary cause of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease, including irritability, agitation, and anxiety. The study found a strong association between microglial activation and neuropsychiatric symptom severity, suggesting new pathways for therapy development.
Researchers from The University of Texas at Austin have demonstrated a compact particle accelerator that produces an electron beam with an energy of 10 billion electron volts (10 GeV) in a chamber less than 20 meters long. The breakthrough uses nanoparticles to boost the energy delivered to electrons, enabling new applications in semic...
The review highlights Brazil's importance in global sustainability efforts, with the country having twice as many articles on sugarcane as the US. Genetic engineering techniques need improvement to increase ethanol production while minimizing crop expansion. CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing is a promising approach for precise modifications.
Researchers at PSI and ETH Zurich successfully transplanted mechanically reprogrammed fibroblasts into a model of old, damaged skin tissue, revealing that the tissue can be rejuvenated and injuries heal faster. The technique uses spatially confined conditions to erase functional errors accumulated by aged cells during the aging process.
Researchers developed three diffractive deep neural networks using orbital angular momentum to recognize objects in images, achieving accuracy comparable to wavelength and polarization-based models. The technology has potential for real-time processing applications like image recognition and data-intensive tasks.
Researchers found that mixing heat with hair styling products can quickly change indoor air composition and increase VOC levels. The study estimated daily inhalation of one cVMS could reach 20mg per day, highlighting the need for long-term human health impact studies.
Researchers created lab-made haze to understand how it affects observations of distant planets, which could lead to misinterpretations of global temperatures and biological activity. The new data offers a better understanding of exoplanet atmospheres, helping scientists focus on specific planets and improve their search for life.
A recent study found that COVID-19 transmission rates in child care centers were only about 2% to 3%, with 1 in 20 symptomatic children testing positive. Vaccination is still highly recommended, as vaccines are a safe and effective way of preventing serious infection.
A new study found that COVID-19 caused a significant spike in premature births, but vaccines played a crucial role in reducing the risk of preterm birth to pre-pandemic levels. The research analyzed California birth records and found that maternal COVID infection increased the risk of preterm births by 1.2 percentage points.
Researchers at Cranfield University developed a revolutionary wave devouring propulsion technology, reducing fuel costs and enhancing marine craft propulsion. The innovative system harnesses the power of waves using a vessel's submerged flapping foils, offering a sustainable solution for the shipping industry.
A randomized trial found that unfiltered traffic-related air pollution caused a rapid and significant increase in blood pressure, which persisted for more than 24 hours. The study suggests that effective cabin air filtration may reduce the negative effects of air pollution on blood pressure.
A new study from Aarhus University found no association between working up to seven night shifts per month and the risk of coronary heart disease. The study, which analyzed data from over 250,000 employees, suggests that international studies may have been flawed due to reliance on questionnaires.
Researchers found that newborn babies can perceive a beat in music due to an innate cognitive mechanism active at birth. The study used EEG measurements and manipulated drum rhythms to distinguish between learning the order of sounds and recognizing a beat.
The researchers developed an innovative approach to identify disease-causal microbes, controlling confounding factors and achieving high significance in statistical tests. VTwins significantly reduces the required sample size for identifying disease-associated microbial features.
A new clinical trial has shown that a stem cell-based device can reduce the amount of insulin required for some participants with Type 1 diabetes. The device, developed by ViaCyte, aims to replace the insulin-producing beta cells that people with the condition lack.
The University of Central Florida has been awarded $50,000 each by the NASA Minority University Research and Education Project Partnership Annual Notification (MPLAN) awards. The research focuses on developing wireless multimodal sensors and studying sustainable aviation fuels to reduce environmental impact.
Researchers found that practice interventions for improving integrated behavioral health (IBH) activities had a minimal impact on patient outcomes. However, practices that completed the intervention and those with higher IBH levels showed improved patient outcomes.
A study published in Appetite found that the taste perception of ultra-processed foods is no better than that of less processed foods. Foods with a balanced carbohydrate-to-fat ratio and high dietary fibre content were more liked, while those with intense sweetness and saltiness were preferred.
A randomized controlled trial found that significant price discounts on healthful foods like vegetables and zero-calorie beverages lead to increased consumption of these items. The study suggests that subsidies or modifications to the Farm Bill could promote healthier dietary intake behaviors.
Researchers have developed a new method, SECRE, to identify genetic regulators of cytokine secretion in autoimmune diseases. The technique has been validated on cells known to play a crucial role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and shows promising results for treating conditions with few therapeutic options.
A study of 438,000 U.S. adults found that smoking cessation can significantly reduce cardiovascular, cancer, and respiratory mortality rates. Within a decade of quitting, former smokers' risk of cardiovascular death was approximately one-third that of continuing smokers.
Researchers have discovered a way to use heat signals to process data in energy-efficient computers. The team's approach uses non-conductive magnetic strips and metal spacers to conduct and amplify heat signals, enabling logical computing operations and heat diodes.
A team of researchers used AI to optimize thermal aging schedules for nickel-aluminum alloys, resulting in stronger materials at high temperatures. By analyzing unconventional heat treatment patterns, the team discovered a two-step schedule that outperformed conventional methods.
A new study found that an AI-aided home stethoscope can efficiently detect asthma exacerbation in patients of all ages, including children under 5 years old. The device records and analyzes respiratory sounds, providing valuable information for parents and caregivers to identify symptoms early on.
This study analyzed data from 262 adolescents who discharged firearms in 253 school shootings over 26 years. The most common source of these firearms was family members or relatives of the perpetrators, highlighting the importance of secure firearm storage to reduce adolescent access.
Vectorial adaptive optics (V-AO) corrects both polarization and phase aberrations, improving optical resolution and accuracy. The new technique is poised to revolutionize the optics community with its potential in enhancing system performance and enabling new applications.
A large Kaiser Permanente study found a connection between prenatal cannabis use and increased risk of low birthweight and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. The study analyzed over 360,000 mothers and infants and found a dose-response relationship between cannabis use and infant health risks.
The DAPPER study found that dapagliflozin 5mg daily reduced cardiovascular events, including cardiovascular death or hospitalization, in patients with chronic heart failure and type 2 diabetes. This was the first report to show this effect at a dose of 5mg.
A new electrocatalyst made of nickel, iron, and silicon decreases the amount of energy required to synthesize hydrogen gas from water, making it more practical for clean energy production. The catalyst, known as FeNiSi, also reduces the energy required to generate oxygen, making it a bifunctional electrocatalyst.
A study by researchers from Osaka University found that HSP47, a collagen-specific molecular chaperone, is significantly expressed in fat tissue and correlates with body fat levels. High or low HSP47 expression was linked to high or low body fat levels in both humans and mice.
A new Stanford University study found that COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy lowered the risk of preterm birth. The research analyzed natality data from California and found a significant reduction in preterm births among vaccinated mothers compared to unvaccinated ones.
A study at Uppsala University found that infant face preference is influenced by genes and linked to later language development. The researchers analyzed over 500 infant twins and found that individual infants' preferences for faces could be largely explained by their genetics.
An international group of researchers developed a Consensus Reporting Items for Studies in Primary Care (CRISP) Checklist, outlining 24 items to improve the quality and consistency of primary care research. The checklist addresses various aspects of research, including study design, data collection, and implementation of findings.
Researchers have found that struvite, a recycled phosphorus fertilizer, can reduce nutrient leaching and maintain soybean yields compared to conventional fertilizers. The study showed that struvite can be a full substitute for traditional fertilizers in terms of yield benefits.
Neurons in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) work together to process social interactions by combining facial and vocal information. The study found that individual neurons did not exhibit strong responses to expressions or identities, but population-level activity could be decoded to reveal the identity and expression in vid...
A study conducted at Carnegie Mellon University suggests that combining human curation with automated recommender technology can improve user engagement in online news outlets. The research found that algorithmic recommendations outperformed human-curated choices on average, but the human editor did better under certain conditions.
A new study found that 56% of unmarried, low-income couples with children have positive co-parenting relationships, which are linked to better outcomes for their children. The study highlights the strengths of these families and emphasizes the importance of teamwork and mutual support in parenting.
A Virginia Tech scientist has identified a molecule in the hypothalamus region of the brain linked to stress-induced emotional overeating. The discovery may lead to new therapy targets for alleviating emotionally triggered eating.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland highlights the potential for non-profit organisations to promote sustainable practices in multinational businesses. By using a Strategic Confrontation and Collaboration Interaction Model (SCCIM), non-profits can influence stakeholders such as employees, investors, and politicians to ad...
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a diamond semiconductor device with the highest breakdown voltage and lowest leakage current. The device operates at high voltages and currents without losing electrical performance, making it suitable for applications such as solar panels and wind turbines.
A major international study of two million individuals in 168 countries found smaller associations than expected between internet adoption and psychological well-being. Life satisfaction increased more for females over the period, but no specific demographic patterns were identified among internet users.
A study found that children with unpredictable parental support tend to avoid exploratory risks, even in games designed to encourage them. This self-imposed limit on risk is not related to stress or anxiety levels, but rather a brain response to uncertainty, where familiar options are preferred over potentially uncertain outcomes.
Researchers analyzed over 18 million virtual and in-person care visits to find that those using virtual care had fewer bad outcomes, hospitalizations, and ICU visits. Virtual care's effectiveness was attributed to patients' ability to use it with minimal guidance.
Researchers at University of Massachusetts Amherst have developed a system to measure presence in mixed reality using reaction time. The findings suggest that slow reaction times indicate low presence and high reaction times indicate high presence with 80% predictive accuracy.
A study found that Black patients undergo medical imaging for cognitive impairment years later than white and Hispanic patients, with significantly lower rates of MRI testing. This delay can lead to earlier stages of disease diagnosis and reduced treatment options.
A recent study published in the Journal of Climate confirms that global warming is increasing the intensity and frequency of heavy rainfall extremes exponentially. The study's findings suggest that extreme rainfall will be heavier and more frequent, impacting social welfare, economies, and social stability.
Researchers discover a central chromosomal domain that enables dormant spores to revive and activate essential genes, shedding light on bacterial survival in harsh conditions. The study's findings have broader implications for sustaining long-term transcriptional programs across diverse organisms.
Researchers at Cornell University have found that silica-based C’Dots can be taken up by the bloodstream after oral administration, making them a potential therapeutic delivery method. The particles' ability to induce ferroptosis, a cell death program, may also provide health benefits due to their natural presence in food.
A new AI tool combines cancerous and non-cancerous cell patterns to predict breast cancer outcomes, allowing for more precise treatment plans. This could lead to reduced chemotherapy duration and intensity for some patients.
A case series published in The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry reveals semaglutide's potential therapeutic applications in managing Alcohol Use Disorder, demonstrating significant reductions in AUDIT scores. Further research is needed to validate these findings through larger clinical trials.
Researchers investigate whether dark matter particles are produced inside a jet of standard model particles. Their new detector signature, semi-visible jets, opens up new directions into looking for Dark Matter.
Researchers uncover intricate interplay between enhancers and silencers influenced by DNA methylation, providing crucial insights into dynamic gene control. High-resolution mapping reveals how genes are controlled and modified, paving the way for precision medicine tailored to individual patients.
Researchers have developed a novel method to quantify all 12 ribonucleotides from small tissue and cell samples, enabling easy measurement without specialized equipment. This breakthrough has significant implications for basic research in biology and medicine, particularly in understanding mitochondrial diseases and cancer.
A clinical trial of stem cell therapy in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis has shown a long-lasting effect that appears to protect the brain from further damage. The study found no signs of disease progression and a substantial stability of the disease without worsening of symptoms.
Researchers found that monk parakeets in Europe have unique vocal patterns in each city, varying in frequency modulation structure. However, within parks in the same city, there were no significant differences in calls, suggesting dialects developed early and remained stable over time.