Urban parks exhibit enhanced microbial activity and nutrient-cycling capacity, but with smaller genomes and reduced evolutionary potential. This 'function–evolution trade-off' highlights the need for urban green space planning that balances short-term ecological function with long-term microbial diversity and resilience.
A study by the University of Otago found that medicinal cannabis reduced pelvic pain, improved sleep, and lowered anxiety in patients with endometriosis. The study's results suggest a new treatment option for those affected by this inflammatory condition.
A positive feedback loop between UBE2V1 and HIF-1α drives HCC progression by facilitating tumor growth and metastasis. UBE2V1 promotes HCC progression by competing with HIF-1α for VHL protein binding, leading to sustained HIF-1α stabilization.
Blocking two key 'don't eat me signals' in cancer cells heightens the immune response and sensitizes tumors to immunotherapy in glioblastoma models. Researchers found that simultaneously blocking CD47 and CD24 improved immunotherapy response, allowing macrophages to better recognize and attack cancer cells.
Researchers develop axiomatic approach to understand principles behind simple risk-sharing rules, such as equal sharing and proportional forms. They show how familiar rules can be understood as unique outcomes of particular combinations of axioms, accommodating scenario-based approaches.
Researchers observe rare nuclear isomer in ytterbium-150, measuring its half-life and establishing its decay scheme. The study reveals an isomeric relay mechanism, shifting the configuration of nuclei within the 10+ isomeric chain, extending its persistence into the proton drip line region.
A novel strategy to regulate the buried interface through multifunctional molecular bridges enables efficient defect passivation and improved energy-level alignment. This results in improved efficiency and long-term stability of perovskite solar cells.
A recent survey highlights the importance of Clinical Practice Guidelines in managing rare cancers, with strong overall uptake but inconsistent use for diagnosis and research purposes. High guideline adherence is linked to tangible survival benefits, such as reduced mortality and improved outcomes in various rare tumour types.
A 20-minute VR training session improved nursing students' confidence in managing aggressive patients, with a statistically significant improvement found in their confidence levels. The study's findings highlight the potential for immersive technology to strengthen frontline healthcare skills quickly and effectively.
A new study found that high levels of air pollution can amplify the risk of suicide associated with heat stress, especially during the warm season. The researchers analyzed 7,500 suicide cases in Utah and found a strong synergistic effect of heat and nitrogen dioxide.
Researchers at KTH Royal Institute of Technology found that small vortices can create larger swirls of flow, challenging the traditional view of turbulence development. The study could impact industries such as aircraft engineering and mechanical heart valve design.
The Mayo Clinic team developed a quantum-powered model that can detect movement intention from brain activity, potentially helping people with paralysis. The achievement marks one of Mayo Clinic's first end-to-end clinical applications of quantum computing.
Researchers developed a nonparametric statistical inference theory for integrals of quantiles, applicable to various data settings. The framework offers unified large-sample arguments for classical estimators and insights into conditions for asymptotic results.
Researchers at OIST and University of Turin developed a general formulation for mixing heavy particles with fluid, enabling study of fundamental physics phenomena and applied research in fluid engineering. Simulations reveal the formation of sediment plumes and the role of friction in particle interactions.
Berberine's effects on metabolism are indirect and dependent on the intestinal environment, not a direct hormonal action. The gut-brain axis is a promising area, but more research is needed to understand its clinical significance. Individual variability plays a key role, with different effects in different people.
Research presented at EAU26 confirms that prostate cancer screening leads to a reduction in mortality, but also detects cancers that would otherwise remain undetected. The study's findings suggest that using MRI in prostate cancer screening can reduce overdiagnosis and unnecessary biopsies.
Researchers studied the Seychelles warbler's gut bacteria, finding that immune genes influence which microbes thrive, and that this relationship affects host health and survival. The study suggests a two-way relationship between immune genes and gut bacteria, with potential benefits for human health and disease prevention.
PsyMetRiC, a new web-based risk prediction tool, forecasts cardiometabolic disorders in young people with psychosis. The algorithm predicts significant weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes within specific time frames, enabling meaningful discussions and interventions.
A new review outlines the scientific explanations behind ketogenic diets' therapeutic benefits for epilepsy, including their ability to strengthen brain energy systems, reduce inflammation, and protect neurons. The review highlights the need for further research, particularly in adults, to develop new therapies that mirror the diet's e...
Research reveals associations between antiseizure drugs and neurodevelopmental disorders in children, with valproate and zonisamide linked to increased risks. The study highlights the need for continued monitoring of new antiseizure drugs and further evaluation of their safety during pregnancy.
The global cosmetic procedure market is projected to exceed $180bn by 2033, with invasive procedures becoming increasingly invasive and harms on the rise. Experts call for consistent regulation, public education, and advertising controls to protect patients and reduce cosmetic tourism.
Researchers at the University of East Anglia have developed a new encryption method using chaos theory to protect medical images from cyber-attacks. The approach, called 'image-level protection,' makes each scan its own 'fortress' by making it extremely difficult for hackers to access or decrypt the images without the correct key.
A new structured virtual palliative care program, SUPPORT-D, is designed to support patients and caregivers with dementia. The six-week program provides guided support in four main areas, including understanding the disease, patient self-care, caregiver care, and planning for the future, to reduce burdens and improve quality of life.
New research from FAMU-FSU College of Engineering proposes a way to integrate different flood models, improving predictions and supporting critical decision-making. The study suggests four key directives for future research, including hybrid frameworks, enhanced physical representation, and bridging science and practice.
A clinical trial is underway to assess the safety and efficacy of the UroActive implant for stress urinary incontinence in men. The trial aims to improve quality of life and provide a better treatment option compared to current SUI treatment.
Researchers engineered a dual metal modified biochar composite to enhance microbial electrochemical interactions and increase hydrogen yield. The study demonstrates the potential of biochar as an efficient electron mediator in light driven fermentation systems.
Researchers found that high levels of male harassment significantly reduced zooplankton abundance and decreased water flea size, highlighting the impact of social behavior on ecosystems. The study suggests that a specific behavioral threshold must be crossed before social interactions reshape an entire food web.
A Simon Fraser University study found cultural, administrative, and governance barriers reinforce mistrust and limit vaccine access. Community-led clinics and trusted messengers can increase access and trust, but remain underfunded and excluded from decision-making.
A large venous thrombosis trial has found that apixaban is safer than rivaroxaban, with 3.3% of participants experiencing clinically relevant bleeding compared to 7.1% with rivaroxaban. This trial has significant implications for clinical practice and patient care.
The University of Bonn has been awarded funding for a further seven years, solidifying its position as the most successful university in the Excellence strategy. With eight Clusters of Excellence, the university aims to establish itself in the leading pack of the world's best universities.
A study of 3,910 former college athletes found that those with three or more concussions had worse physical, mental, and cognitive health five years after graduation. Athletes with one to two concussions also showed signs of psychological distress, anxiety, and depression.
A new study by researchers from the University of Illinois has shown that bonneted bats can be lured to and inhabit safer bat boxes, which mimic their natural roosts and maintain a stable thermal environment. The study found that the external water jacket in the boxes provides a safer temperature for the bats, and that long-term follow...
A recent study by the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies reveals a concerning trend of ticks carrying multiple pathogens in the US Northeast. More than 1 in 10 nymphal ticks tested positive for at least two disease-causing pathogens, with co-infection rates approaching 11% for Lyme disease and babesiosis. This increase in co-infection...
Researchers have confirmed the Standard Model of particle physics with unprecedented accuracy, solving the proton radius puzzle and verifying predictions up to the 13th decimal place. The new results set a new benchmark in measuring the energy levels of hydrogen atoms.
The American Academy of Neurology provides guidance on the use of wearable devices for neurological care, highlighting their benefits and limitations. Wearable devices can serve as screening tools for heart rate and cardiac arrhythmia, and can be helpful in disease management for epilepsy, but their use also carries risks and limitations.
Scientists have identified specific proteins in common food sources like corn, soy, and wheat that signal to the immune system that they are safe to eat. Regulatory T cells, also known as Tregs, play a key role in this process, scanning food for these key proteins and calming the immune system when they find them.
Researchers developed a phosphorus-modified biochar that can simultaneously immobilize harmful metals and enhance soil fertility. The material showed remarkable adsorption capacity for lead and cadmium, with potential applications in soil remediation and sustainable agriculture.
Research reveals that aging significantly alters the electron transfer behavior of pyrogenic carbon in soils and environments, with some materials becoming more electron-conductive while others become less so. These changes can influence nutrient cycling, pollutant degradation, and microbial processes in environmental systems.
Researchers found that female mosquitofish resistance, not just mating choice, drives behavioral isolation and speciation. Female aggression is a key factor in reducing fertilization success, leading to reproductive isolation between populations with different ecological environments.
A large E. coli outbreak in Calgary daycare centers resulted in 285 children becoming infected, with daily laboratory monitoring and treating dehydration preventing complications and potentially saving lives. The study found that this approach reduced the number of children who developed life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome.
New study evaluates two prominent AI global weather models, finding they excel at forecasting storm tracks but struggle to reproduce realistic wind patterns and storm intensity. The researchers emphasize the need for bias corrections and interpretation to improve AI forecasting accuracy.
Researchers create polymer heat exchanger with 2-4 times more cooling capacity per dollar than metal versions, offering a cost-effective and scalable solution for industries. The design's deployable nature makes it ideal for space missions, drones, and compact electronics.
LMU Munich has been reaffirmed as a University of Excellence, solidifying its position as one of Europe's leading research universities. The institution's seven Clusters of Excellence, including a new humanities cluster, demonstrate its exceptional academic strength. With a focus on interdisciplinary research and collaboration, LMU aim...
The Butantan-DV dengue vaccine, developed in Brazil, shows 80.5% effectiveness against severe cases over five years, with no hospitalizations in the vaccinated group. The vaccine was 65% effective in preventing symptomatic dengue during the five-year monitoring period.
Researchers discover a potential chemotherapy agent that causes cancer cells to release signals similar to those released by infected cells, triggering an immune response. This finding could lead to a new approach in cancer treatment, using lower doses of chemotherapy drugs to recruit the immune system as an ally.
A multidisciplinary team proposes three principles for responsible authorship: transparency, credit, and accountability. The guidelines aim to address issues like gift or honorific authorship, ghost authorship, and coercive authorship, and promote a culture of trustworthiness in science.
The Harvard researchers' new device is elegantly designed to be tunable, with a bilayer design that becomes geometrically chiral and able to 'read' chiral light. By using the MEMS device to continuously vary the twist angle and interlayer spacing, the team showed they could tune the device's intrinsic ability to read different chiral l...
Scientists discovered that howler monkeys began eating leaves 13 million years ago, causing them to evolve larger body sizes and occupy a unique ecological niche. The analysis of two jaw fossils provides key information about the diet, body size, and biodiversity of these ancient monkeys.
A team of astronomers has detected rare evidence of two planets colliding, which could provide valuable insights into the formation of our solar system. The unlikely event was observed in a distant star, Gaia20ehk, which was found to have massive amounts of rocks and dust passing in front of it, blocking its light.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have identified a protein, ATF4, linked to increased metastasis and recurrence in lung cancer. The study reveals that older individuals' tumors are smaller and grow more slowly, yet more likely to have spread when detected.
The Human Organ Atlas offers detailed 3D images of human organs, enabling interactive exploration and understanding of human anatomy and diseases. The atlas, built using advanced imaging techniques, provides insights into various health conditions, including COVID-19, cardiac disorders, and gynecological disorders.
Researchers found that bonobos and chimpanzees exhibit similar levels of aggression in zoos, contradicting their differing reputations. The study suggests that aggression levels vary within each species, with some groups displaying higher aggression, and that environmental factors may play a role in shaping their behavior.
A 3D-printed robotic rattlesnake triggered an avoidance response in zoo animals, particularly those sharing distribution with rattlers. The study found that the multimodal display of rattlesnakes is an effective deterring signal that works best with sympatric species.
A new study reveals that NFAT controls uterine natural killer cells, which guide embryo implantation and placental growth. The findings offer fresh insight into preeclampsia, implantation failure, and inadequate placental blood flow, potentially benefiting all pregnant patients.
A recent study found that coral reefs in Moorea are struggling to recover from bleaching events due to the presence of algae encrusting dead coral skeletons. The algae, particularly Lobophora variegata, are stabilizing the dead corals, making it difficult for juvenile corals to establish themselves and rebuild the reef.
Researchers found that dual-positive cells, a type of circulating tumor cell, are associated with shorter survival times and increased risk of metastasis in patients with advanced breast cancer. The study highlights the potential importance of these under-studied cells in breast cancer progression.
A study published in PLOS One found that humans can recognize and mimic emotional expressions of non-human primates, indicating a strong empathetic response. The researchers assessed facial expressions and emotional states of participants, revealing a strong connection between humans and non-human primates
Researchers engineered a 3D-printed robotic rattlesnake to test how 38 zoo animals responded to rattling behavior. The study found that the rattling display functions as an effective deterrent, with species sharing natural geographic range with rattlesnakes exhibiting stronger fear responses.
Researchers at Cornell University found that AI writing tools can shift users' attitudes on societal issues, even when they're aware of the bias. The study involved over 2,500 participants who used biased AI writing assistants and saw their views gravitate toward the AI's positions.
Research analyzes news articles on childlessness, identifying themes that perpetuate stigma and structural imbalances, highlighting the need for media literacy initiatives and equitable health communication
A study analyzing US household data found that women's higher poverty rates reflect their differing circumstances, including higher childcare responsibilities and poorer health. Factors such as employment, education, and age also influenced poverty risk, but women saw fewer benefits from employment.
Researchers have discovered a simple fix to boost mRNA delivery and CRISPR gene editing efficiency by adding three common amino acids to lipid nanoparticle injections, increasing delivery up to 20-fold and efficiency to nearly 90%.
A new study found racial and ethnic disparities in fatal police shootings vary widely between states, with some states having much wider disparities than others. Firearm ownership rates did not explain the disparities, suggesting other factors may be at play.
Researchers engineered nanoparticles that can educate the immune system to find and destroy disease-causing cells throughout the body. The nanoparticles were successful in depleting and destroying diseased immune cells in mice, with 95% of target B cells depleted in circulating blood within 24 hours.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have identified genes and pathways responsible for plant recovery from environmental stress, including cold snaps and flooding. This discovery could lead to the creation of climate-resilient crops that can recover faster and more efficiently after climate events.
A new study warns that reduced international funding for tuberculosis services could lead to significant economic hardship for 40 million households globally, with the poorest households bearing the greatest burden. The study estimates that complete elimination of external funding for TB could cost families up to $80 billion annually.
Researchers discovered Marburg virus enters human cells up to 300 times more efficiently than Ebola, thanks to its unique entry protein. A nanobody has been identified to block its attachment to the receptor, providing a potential therapeutic strategy.
A new clinical diagnostic test using optical genome mapping (OGM) has been shown to detect additional genetic variants in nearly 20% of individuals with acute leukemia. OGM offers a comprehensive view of the genome, refining diagnosis and risk stratification, and improving therapy selection. The test's high diagnostic yield and ability...
A new study found that simple approaches to promoting physical activity, such as online or print-based advice, can increase activity by an average of one hour per week at a cost of less than one euro per participant. However, the study highlights a significant gap in measuring the costs and real-world impacts of such interventions.
Astronomers have confirmed the connection between magnetars and superluminous supernovae, finding definitive evidence for a magnetar forming in the core collapse of a recent supernova. The discovery corroborates a theory proposed 16 years ago and establishes a new phenomenon in exploding stars.
A new study found that MYC amplification in metastatic prostate cancer is associated with reduced tumor immunogenicity, making it harder for the immune system to detect and attack the tumor. This reduction in immunogenicity was linked to poorer progression-free survival outcomes in patients with MYC-amplified tumors.
Aging gut affects memory formation, new study reveals gut microbiome plays a critical role in cognitive decline, but altering gut-brain communication can reverse effects in mice
MIT researchers have developed a new photonic device that efficiently beams light into free space, enabling advanced displays, high-speed optical communications, and larger-scale quantum computers. The device uses an array of microscopic structures to project detailed, full-color images and precisely control quantum bits, paving the wa...
A new material, benzene-phosphonic acid (BPA), enables self-powered operation of smart sensors and wearables. The breakthrough technology reduces fabrication costs and promotes environmental sustainability.
A Weill Cornell Medicine study found that prior exposure to one flu strain can weaken children's ability to mount an effective antibody response against a different strain, a phenomenon known as immune imprinting. This can lead to reduced effectiveness of future vaccines and increased risk of severe illness.
The Global Coral Tech Transfer Project brings together SECORE International, Australian Institute of Marine Science, and FUNDEMAR to share coral breeding techniques and technologies for large-scale restoration. The partnership aims to create a comprehensive toolbox for boosting reef resilience worldwide.
The study's findings reveal the evolution of venom toxins in the golden lancehead, a venom-rich species isolated from its mainland counterparts. The genome sequencing data can inform conservation policies and potentially lead to the development of anticoagulant drugs or blood pressure-lowering treatments.
The partnership aims to demonstrate advanced microgrid capabilities with dynamic boundaries and networked microgrids, enhancing reliability for utility customers. EPB will add 58 megawatt hours of energy storage in five microgrids, providing backup power to over a thousand residential customers and community resources.
The Alliance trial explores the combination of zanubrutinib and sonrotoclax for CLL treatment, aiming to send cancer into remission and allow patients to stop treatment earlier. The study has the potential to be life-changing for patients and their families, reducing the burden of ongoing therapy and improving quality of life.
A team of international researchers led by a UC Santa Barbara graduate student has confirmed a long-standing theory of stellar death by applying the principles of general relativity to a superluminous supernova. The discovery suggests that a magnetar, a rapidly spinning neutron star with a massive magnetic field, powers the supernova, ...
Researchers discovered that the aging gastrointestinal tract produces specific molecules that blunt the activity of a key gut-brain neuronal pathway, leading to age-related cognitive decline. Stimulating specific gut sensory neurons and targeting the vagus nerve can restore youthful cognitive function in old mice, suggesting that brain...
The IP4OS project has launched a practice-oriented capacity-building programme to support Research Performing Organisations in applying IP and Open Science approach to Research Knowledge Valorisation. The programme equips institutions with tools and collaborative structures to translate IP-OS principles into sustainable practice.
A study found that babies who develop severe E. coli infections lack sufficient germ-fighting antibodies, which mothers transfer to their babies. The research suggests that these antibodies protect against infection, and developing a screening test to identify high-risk newborns could prevent severe illnesses.
A new study estimates that older adults with mild cognitive impairment or dementia develop new cardiovascular diagnoses requiring anticoagulant or thrombolytic therapy each year. This finding highlights the need for clinicians and families to weigh the potential benefits and risks of anti-amyloid treatments.
New research reveals that tumor cells in supratentorial ependymomas cluster into distinct neighborhoods, each with a specific role, such as proliferating or invading. Understanding these cell subtypes could help predict treatment response and inform targeted therapies for this aggressive childhood brain cancer.
A Norwegian University of Science and Technology study highlights seafarers' concerns about autonomous ships' technical safety, trust in technology, and crew competence. The researchers aim to ensure safer use of advanced technology and increase seafarers' trust in autonomy by addressing the challenges highlighted by the seafarers.
A new approach, called INSTALL, enables non-toxic DNA integration in multiple human cell types and successfully inserts large genetic payloads in mice, offering a promising solution for genetic therapies. The study's findings have the potential to broaden the applicability of genome editing therapies.
Sildenafil, an active ingredient in Viagra, shows promising effects in treating Leigh syndrome, a rare genetic disorder causing severe neurological and muscular symptoms. The drug improved muscular strength and neurological symptoms in patients, and also reduced metabolic crises.
Researchers created the most comprehensive single-cell atlas of epigenetic changes in the aging mouse brain, revealing how DNA methylation, genome structure, and gene activity change across brain regions and cell types. The atlas has already shown clear epigenetic differences between different age groups and allowed the development of ...
A study from Tulane University found that consuming more ultra-processed foods is linked to lower bone mineral density and a higher risk of hip fractures. The study involved over 160,000 participants and found that even small increases in ultra-processed food intake can increase the risk of hip fractures.
Severe COVID-19 and influenza infections can prime the lungs for cancer development, according to new research. Vaccination, however, largely prevents these changes, suggesting a reduced risk of lung cancer.
A study analyzing 1,158 confirmed mpox cases in adult men from Spain found that people with HIV did not develop more severe forms of the disease. People with HIV more frequently presented with fever and skin lesions, but the disease progression was favourable with no hospitalizations or deaths.
A new approach for welfare states updates policies to prioritize social investments and effectiveness, combining theoretical contributions and comparative studies. The approach aims to generate long-term benefits for individuals and society, with a focus on targeted solutions and systematic monitoring.
Researchers discovered that subtly disrupting cancer cells' protein production triggers a potent antitumor immune response. By targeting the way tumors produce proteins, scientists can render them more susceptible to immune attack, potentially revolutionizing cancer treatment.
A study by the University of Oulu reveals that PXR activation by chemicals like rifampicin can increase SHBG production, influencing testosterone levels and sex hormone availability. The discovery has significant implications for understanding the impact of everyday chemicals on hormonal systems.
Seven scientists from around the world will receive grants to pursue conservation-focused research aimed at strengthening ocean health and communities that depend on it. The fellows' work includes tracing illegal fishing, improving reef restoration, and developing open-source technology to classify nanoplastic pollution.
Patients with type 2 diabetes and brain metastases who used GLP-1 receptor agonists showed a significant reduction in all-cause mortality. The use of these medications was associated with reduced neuroinflammation, preservation of the blood-brain barrier, and lowered oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
The study found that wildfire exposure and its socioeconomic consequences were associated with increased psychological distress beyond the burn zone. Integrating mental health care, housing stability, and economic recovery are crucial for disaster response and climate resilience strategies.
Researchers from the University of Kansas used motion capture technology to analyze shooting mechanics, finding that greater flexibility in the preparatory phase is crucial for accuracy. The study's findings will be used to attempt a new world record for most consecutive made three-point shots.
AI chatbots are homogenizing human expression and thought, reducing collective wisdom and adaptability, researchers argue. Incorporating real-world diversity into LLM training sets can help preserve human cognitive diversity and improve chatbots' reasoning abilities.
Vision sensing systems are crucial for intelligent driving, providing critical road condition data and supporting autonomous driving functions. However, automotive-grade cameras face technical challenges such as limited dynamic range, low light performance, and image processing limitations. To address these challenges, researchers prop...
Researchers discovered that bumble bee queens can survive submersion for over a week by combining underwater gas exchange with anaerobic metabolism. After eight days, their metabolic rate spikes before returning to normal levels, allowing them to survive extreme conditions.
A team of researchers at the University of Chicago has made a groundbreaking discovery in the field of nanocrystals, shedding new light on cation exchange reactions. By applying a cellular automaton model, they were able to demonstrate that a single atom can be replaced with another in a tiny crystal, even as all the atoms remain in or...
A new study published in eNeuro found that people remain engaged with stories even in noisy environments. The research team used fMRI scans to examine brain activity while participants listened to engaging stories in background chatter, revealing distinct neural systems involved in naturalistic speech listening.
Researchers developed a fast, non-invasive, and affordable diagnostic tool using retinal images to differentiate between ALS and Alzheimer's disease. The tool, based on polarized light analysis, accurately predicted disease severity and type with high accuracy.
Researchers at CUNY ASRC have created peptide-based crystalline solids that can switch between soft layered and stiff honeycomb architectures in response to humidity. These dynamic solids exhibit large, controllable changes in mechanical and optical properties, enabling unprecedented adaptability.
A new study found that loneliness and social isolation are independently and jointly associated with subjective cognitive decline in perimenopausal women. The study, published in Menopause, suggests that promoting healthy social connections may help mitigate cognitive deterioration during this time.
Researchers have created the first high-resolution molecular atlas of the adult Drosophila melanogaster brain, uncovering how neurons retain a record of their developmental origins. The study found that the genetic diversity of neurons is far greater than previously thought, and that sex differences arise through selective neuronal sur...
A new study found that people are more likely to place bets during weeks with major sporting events when they believe their friends are doing the same. Researchers say early intervention is key to preventing harmful betting patterns, as it can be associated with depression, anxiety, and increased substance use. The study, led by Univer...
Physicists at the University of Colorado Boulder have demonstrated a new kind of vacuum ultraviolet laser that is 100 to 1,000 times more efficient than existing technologies. The device could enable scientists to observe phenomena currently out of reach, such as following fuel molecules in real time as they undergo combustion, spottin...
Researchers from Michigan Medicine discovered that photoreceptor cell death is reversible and can be rescued by removing damaged mitochondria. The study found that mitophagy, a process that removes dysfunctional mitochondria, plays a crucial role in this recovery process.
A new study from Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons has found that analyzing the APOL1 gene in Black patients with kidney disease can provide more accurate diagnoses. The study suggests that incorporating M1 into routine APOL1 genetic testing could help doctors determine the true cause of a patient's kidney ...
The University of Cambridge has launched a major strategic partnership with IonQ to develop the UK's most powerful quantum computer, accelerating research and discovery in quantum science and technology. The partnership will support the creation of the IonQ Quantum Innovation Centre, housing a state-of-the-art 256-qubit quantum computer.
The latest issue of Current Pharmaceutical Analysis features advanced analytical characterization and emerging trends in pharmaceutical science. Open access articles can be freely viewed and downloaded on ScienceDirect.
A new experimental rat model reproduces creeping fat in Crohn's disease, characterized by mesocolic adipose tissue hyperplasia with macroscopic, histological, immunological, and molecular similarities to human disease. The model supports the hypothesis that intestinal microbiota contributes to remodelling of mesenteric adipose tissue.
A 16-year study found that 87% of children with single-ventricle heart disease either died or developed a major health problem over time. The study provides new direction for improving care and offers guidance for tailoring therapies to each child.
A study in mice suggests that matcha may reduce the need to sneeze in people with nasal allergies, suppressing brainstem neuronal activation without changing major immune markers. The findings provide a potential, food-based option to complement standard care for allergic rhinitis symptoms.
A UK study found that a 12-week ketogenic metabolic therapy program led to significant reductions in depression and anxiety scores. The program, delivered remotely, showed a 62% reduction in depression symptoms and a 46% reduction in anxiety, with 100% of participants completing the program.
A study published in Environmental Science & Technology reveals distinct roles of NO2 versus NO in β-myrcene photooxidation and their synergistic interactions with SO2. NO2 enhances SOA yield and increases oxygen-to-carbon ratio, while NO suppresses particle nucleation and promotes particle growth.
A new VR app is being developed to tackle violence against women and girls, using virtual reality to raise awareness and educate people about harassment. The app places users in realistic scenarios commonly experienced by women, aiming to educate people about attitudes and behaviours towards women and girls.
Researchers have found magnesium-containing materials to be effective in cognitive improvement and neural regeneration for neurological disorders. These materials, including magnesium oxide nanoparticles and magnesium alloys, have neuroprotective properties and can modulate the gut-brain axis.
Researchers developed hybrid spheroids with biodegradable nanogels to improve stem cell function and survival in injured swallowing muscles. The approach significantly improved muscle regeneration, cell retention, and functional recovery in a rat model.
Research finds that fasting induces accumulation of TCA cycle metabolites in brain lysosomes, suggesting a dynamic metabolic node for coping with fluctuating nutrient availability. This new understanding reframes lysosomes as active contributors to neuronal metabolism.
A joint international research team has identified the core principle by which specific inhibitory neurons in the prefrontal cortex regulate cocaine-seeking behavior. The study revealed that addiction relapse is not due to a decline in brain function, but rather an imbalance in specific neural circuits.
Researchers at SKKU develop hafnium oxide-based ferroelectric transistor arrays for AI hardware, achieving high endurance and precise analog weight control. The devices demonstrated scalable operation and stable synaptic learning behavior, paving the way for next-gen in-memory computing technologies.
A national study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that breast cancer stage at diagnosis differs sharply across rural US regions, with geographic, racial, and insurance factors influencing stage. The study analyzed data from 52,287 rural women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2004 and 2021, revealin...
A conductive bioglue was developed to ensure firm adhesion and stable electrical signaling within the human body. It overcomes challenges in connecting damaged tissues or attaching bioelectronic devices, promoting muscle and nerve regeneration and stable implant stability.
Researchers at the University of Jyväskylä have developed new synthetic molecules that capture sulfate with exceptional efficiency, rivaling natural protein binding sites. The unique architecture of the molecules, known as
Genethon's GNT0004 gene therapy shows long-term efficacy in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, maintaining clinical efficacy and safety at two years. The trial included 72 boys aged 6-10 with retained walking ability, treated with GNT0004 at a therapeutic dose.
Researchers develop Fourier ptychographic coherence scanning interferometry for high-aspect-ratio micro-trenches, achieving high-resolution 3D topography and lateral resolution beyond the incoherent diffraction limit. The method overcomes challenges of strong optical modulation, enabling robust and accurate measurements.
A Mendelian randomization study found that PCSK9 inhibitors may reduce low back pain risk, while HMGCR and NPC1L1 inhibitors showed no association. The study validated known lipid-lowering effects on coronary heart disease risk, providing new insights into PCSK9 pleiotropy.
To halt sea-level rise and cumulative CO2 releases, global emissions would need to become net-negative and remain so for centuries. This conclusion is based on studies assessing the impact of delayed climate changes, which require long-term carbon removal commitments.
A study on mouse incisors reveals a cellular mechanism behind the unique decussation patterns of tooth enamel, which form the enamel's hardness through directional sliding and coordinated migration of ameloblasts. The findings provide new insights into how dental stem and progenitor cells maintain and repair enamel-forming tissues.
Researchers discovered temperate trees, including oak, elm, and hazel, in Doggerland over 16,000 years ago, revealing a surprisingly hospitable environment. The study suggests that Doggerland may have supported early Mesolithic communities prior to flooding, shedding light on the region's ecological history and human settlement patterns.
A study by UC San Diego finds that California wildfire smoke events are becoming more frequent, with communities in Southern and Central California experiencing shorter recovery times between smoke events. These communities are also disproportionately vulnerable, with higher proportions of racial and socioeconomic minority residents.
Researchers have discovered that compounds from seaweed can block norovirus infection by creating a shield in the human body. Fucoidan, a compound found in brown seaweed, showed the strongest blocking activity against two major norovirus strains, GII.4 and GII.17.
A prospective multicenter study found Woven EndoBridge therapy safe and effective for unruptured wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms in Chinese patients. The therapy promotes durable aneurysm occlusion with minimal risks.
A new study by the University of Bristol found that the UK's disposable vapes ban may lead to an increase in cigarette smoking among young adults. The research, published in PLOS Global Public Health, suggests that some individuals may turn to cigarettes as an alternative to disposable vapes.
The study reveals that small Goss grains can engulf surrounding large grains through elastic interaction and molar volume difference, leading to abnormal growth. This phenomenon is driven by the increasing elastic anisotropy of ferrite with temperature rise, resulting in preferential growth of surface Goss grains.
A recent study found that adults with total or near-total vision loss who also experience hearing loss report lower confidence in their sound localization abilities, despite receiving specialized training. The researchers suggest that clinicians should account for hearing status during vision rehabilitation training to address individu...
A team of researchers from Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics developed a novel catalyst enabling thermocatalytic conversion of N2 and H2 to NH3 at room temperature and ambient pressure. The Li/Ru interface exhibits a synergetic effect promoting N2 activation and hydrogenation steps.
Kyushu University researchers observed individual polymer chains' behavior on solid surfaces, revealing non-equilibrium dynamics and thermal fluctuations. The study contributes to enhancing adhesive performance and lightweighting of materials.
A large Australian study of over 417,000 women found that fertility treatments were not linked to higher overall cancer rates, but some cancers were slightly more common, while others were less common. Women who received fertility treatment were more likely to develop uterine and ovarian cancer, as well as melanoma, but the overall ris...
A new study found that augmented reality job coaching significantly improves job performance for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The AR-based application delivered real-time guidance, enabling participants to complete complex tasks with minimal external support. This innovative approach has the potential t...
Wavelogix, a concrete sensor manufacturer, has received a $500,000 grant from the National Science Foundation to refine and scale its Rebel concrete strength sensing system. The system enables faster, data-driven decisions through real-time concrete strength monitoring.
A Johns Hopkins study found that 42.3% of people with medical debt delayed dental care, 23.0% delayed medical care, and 14% delayed mental health care. Medical debt contributes to unmet need for treatment across health needs, regardless of insurance coverage.
A working group of scholars and experts proposes three principles - transparency, credit, and accountability - to form the foundation for responsible authorship. The principles aim to address issues of gift, ghost, and coercive authorship and promote a culture of transparency and accountability in scientific research.
A new study reveals that prior authorization requirements for heart failure medications can significantly delay pharmacy fills, particularly for those with lower socioeconomic status or Medicaid insurance. The study found that patients with prior authorization prescriptions took three times as long to fill their ARNI prescriptions and ...
Anand Balasubramani joins AAI with expertise in scientific publishing, program development, and community engagement. As CSPO, he will shape AAI's scientific agenda and oversee publications, education, and scientific affairs.
Jeonbuk National University researchers have developed DDINet, a lightweight and scalable model that can accurately predict drug-drug interactions for new, unseen drugs. This approach avoids overfitting to training data and is designed to handle binary and multi-classification tasks.
A team of researchers from SASTRA Deemed University demonstrates a fiber-based method for compressing mid-infrared laser pulses into ultrashort, low-noise bursts efficiently. The system reduces input power from kilowatts to 80 watts, improving energy efficiency and thermal stability.
Researchers discovered yaku'amide B induces CD9 degradation, a cancer stem cell-related protein, in addition to inhibiting ATP synthase, leading to cellular energy depletion and cancer cell suppression. This natural compound has potential as a new therapeutic approach for cancer treatment.
Researchers optimize interferometric diffusing wave spectroscopy technique to boost weak optical field returning from the brain, achieving over 20x signal to noise ratio. The novel approach provides higher brain sensitivity compared to DCS-inspired approaches and is approximately two orders of magnitude less expensive.
Researchers at the Wyss Institute developed DoriVac, a DNA nanotechnology-enabled vaccine platform that induces broad immunity against infectious viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, HIV, and Ebola. The platform produces potent antigen-specific immune responses and is more stable and easier to manufacture than traditional vaccine platforms.
Researchers at Brown University have made significant progress in restoring two-way communication across a damaged spinal cord site. Electrical stimulation below the injury site partially restored muscle control in lower extremities, while stimulation above the injury enabled participants to understand their leg position in space. This...
Research finds extreme cold and rain reduce young bird growth and survival, but earlier breeding can mitigate these effects. In contrast, hot extremes can boost growth by increasing insect activity and visibility.
A recent study on the 2021 North American heat wave reveals that some species, such as sea lettuce, were able to withstand the extreme temperatures, while others, like mussels and blueberry plants, suffered severe declines. The research highlights the importance of understanding these differing effects to prepare for future heat waves.
Rice University researchers have developed a new capability, magnetoARPES, to study quantum behaviors in materials like superconductors. The technique allows researchers to probe the full electronic response to a magnetic field, giving insights into collective electron behaviors.
Researchers found elevated pTau levels in individuals with transthyretin amyloidosis and immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis, suggesting a new diagnostic approach for systemic amyloidosis. The findings may facilitate earlier detection and help confirm suspected cases.
A study by ETH Zurich researchers found that climate policies can only be implemented with the support of the 'conditional middle' group, who are flexible and make decisions based on personal cost-benefit calculations. This group's opinions can significantly impact policy feasibility, with a shift towards support potentially leading to...
A new study found that antibiotics can alter the gut microbiome for up to four to eight years after treatment, with certain types of antibiotics having a stronger impact. The study analyzed data from 14,979 adults and found links between antibiotic use and changes in gut microbiome composition, including diversity of bacterial species.
Oregon State University researchers have developed a new class of lipid nanoparticles that can safely deliver gene-editing tools at lower doses, resolving a longstanding challenge in the field. The breakthrough was made possible by a DNA-based barcoding test that measures how efficiently different nanoparticle designs release their cargo.
Researchers analyzed gravitational-wave data from LIGO and Virgo detectors, revealing an oval orbit just before merger, which is unlikely according to theoretical models. The study corrects underestimated black hole mass and overestimated neutron star mass, suggesting a birthplace in an environment with many interacting stars.
New research published in Weather assesses the energy consumption of AI models and finds that they consume considerable energy during training, but offset this by rapid forecasting ability. AI data-driven models are estimated to consume at least 21 times less energy than traditional models over one-year usage.
A study found North Korean defectors had higher risks of infection-related cancers but lower risks of breast, colon, and prostate cancers compared to South Korean residents. Over time, their cancer profile changed, suggesting adaptation to South Korean society.
States with full abortion bans experienced a 1.6% increased birth rate in 2023, as well as a 4.3% increase in WIC participation among postpartum women and a 2.1% increase in formula-fed infants. This led to a $6.9 million increase in WIC food-assistance costs in 2023.
A new study found that legalizing online sports betting in the US has led to a significant rise in binge drinking frequency among young men, particularly those who already report binge drinking. The study's findings highlight the need for policymakers to consider the broader behavioral impacts of gambling liberalization.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg measured carbon dioxide and oxygen levels in 23 mangrove areas, revealing global patterns in environmental stress. The study found that extreme conditions, including low oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels, are becoming more frequent and severe, posing a threat to sensitive fish species.
A study published in American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism found that low testosterone and high fructose intake synergistically contribute to liver damage in mice. The researchers discovered that changes in gut microbiota led to increased levels of pyruvate, which promotes fat accumulation in the liver.