Researchers at UPV and iPRONICS have developed a groundbreaking photonic chip that can implement twelve basic functionalities required by various systems. This chip allows on-demand programming and interconnecting wireless and photonic segments of communication networks, increasing efficiency and reducing bottlenecks.
A game-based semiconductor curriculum is being developed for high school students, bridging the knowledge gap between technology and career options. The project aims to inspire future semiconductor professionals through online games, workshops, and industry field trips.
Researchers found that watching sports fosters a sense of community and belonging, while triggering activation in the brain's reward circuits. Regular sports viewing may also induce changes in brain structures, leading to long-term benefits for individuals.
Researchers found that congruent messages and emojis in social media advertising increase user attention and reduce cognitive effort, while emphasizing gastronomy and natural environment over conventional aspects. This shift suggests a preference for nature-based tourism.
A new research framework, KD-Crowd, leverages noise-model-free learning techniques to refine crowdsourcing learning. The proposed method attains substantial improvements in performance on synthetic and real-world data.
A new study by the Complexity Science Hub demonstrates how climate policies can be implemented with minimal economic damage. The researchers used a data set from Hungary to examine what would happen if certain companies were forced to cease production in various scenarios aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 20%.
A new study found that individuals who experienced weight-related pressure from family or media as teenagers are at higher risk of internalized weight stigma as adults. The research, published in The Lancet Regional Health Europe, highlights the importance of addressing weight stigma and bullying to promote better mental health outcomes.
Researchers developed an ultrasound-launched targeted nanoparticle to destroy Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms, targeting bacteria and delivering antibiotics. The nanoparticle exhibited enhanced bactericidal activity due to ultrasonic cavitation and reactive oxygen species production.
The project aims to overcome limitations of conventional semen analyses by examining mitochondrial DNA levels in sperm as a novel biomarker of sperm fitness. Researchers will evaluate relationships between mtDNA biomarkers and male reproductive health using large study samples.
People with nonfatal opioid overdose who access peer support in emergency departments are more likely to initiate treatment and less likely to have repeated overdoses. The study, published in JAMA Network Open, analyzed the outcomes of a New Jersey-based program that connects patients with peer recovery specialists.
A new 'rechargeable nanotorch' allows researchers to track the movement of cell-based microrobots in real-time, using afterglow luminescence imaging. The nanotorches can be recharged non-invasively with near-infrared light, enabling long-term tracking and potential applications in cancer treatment.
This study sequences the chloroplast genome of 'Xinxuan-4', a new pecan cultivar, uncovering genetic stability across the Carya species. The findings reveal gene variations, codon preferences, and SSRs, aiding in understanding evolutionary dynamics and potential breeding strategies.
A new review links poverty and low socioeconomic status to brain changes that influence educational attainment, psychiatric illness, and language development. Chronic stress, poor nutrition, and environmental hazards can impair brain development, leading to negative consequences for individuals and families.
Researchers at UC Riverside demonstrate a new vaccine strategy targeting a common viral genome part, eliminating the need for annual booster shots. The vaccine uses small RNA molecules to boost the immune system, making it safe for babies and those with weakened immunity.
A team of scientists has identified a specific gene expression pattern associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma. By understanding this mechanism, they aim to develop novel drugs that can correct the defense defect and prevent the progression of the disease.
A new study from Colorado State University suggests that transitioning to green wastewater-treatment approaches, financed through carbon markets, could save $15.6 billion and reduce CO2-equivalent emissions by 30 million tonnes over 40 years. The research explores the potential economic tradeoffs of switching to green infrastructure an...
Startups are advised to prioritize experimentation and product-market fit over early scaling, with platform companies being particularly vulnerable to failure. The study's findings contradict popular notions that rapid growth is necessary to prevent competitor imitation.
A recent study by Tohoku University researchers investigated the association between dairy product consumption and odd-number carbon chain fatty acids (odd-FA) within the Japanese population. The study found a correlation between dairy consumption and odd-FA, which was previously confirmed in Europe and Oceania.
Opioid-related deaths doubled between 2019 and 2021 across Canada, with over 1 in 4 deaths among young adults aged 20–39 years attributable to opioids. The concentration of harm in younger populations was consistent across provinces and territories.
Tetracycline antibiotics have been found to enhance the antitumor activity of T lymphocytes by targeting galactin-1, an immunosuppressive protein produced by cancer cells. This breakthrough discovery may lead to the development of new drugs that target different immune pathways and benefit patients with cancer.
The team created ten holograms with varying colors and shapes using an inverse design technique driven by artificial intelligence. They integrated an oblique helicoidal cholesterics-based wavelength modulator to accurately implement the designed holograms, enabling the establishment of an optical security system.
Researchers create butterfly-shaped nanographene with four unpaired π-electrons, demonstrating potential for advancements in quantum computing. The unique structure has highly correlated spins, extending coherence times of spin qubits.
New research from University of South Australia finds that school exclusions exacerbate negative issues rather than resolving them. Vulnerable students face a higher risk of being suspended or expelled, which worsens their circumstances and life chances.
A new data augmentation strategy called FPSMix enhances point cloud classification accuracy comparable to state-of-the-art methods. The approach can be combined seamlessly with existing methods to boost the robustness of baseline models.
Researchers from USTC develop a Coupled Shear SAW (CS-SAW) resonator that utilizes two coupling coefficients to achieve high electromechanical coupling coefficient and figure of merit. The CS-SAW resonator was designed on a LiNbO₃-on-SiC substrate and achieved an unprecedented k^2 of 34% at 5 GHz.
A study explores multi-objective nitrogen management in the food system, focusing on Quzhou County in China. The researchers found significant N losses to the environment, mainly from crop and animal production, and developed a framework for reducing these losses while promoting food security and economic sustainability. The study sugg...
Scientists are developing robotic fish-type submersibles to overcome the challenges of deep-sea exploration. These biomimetic vehicles mimic the locomotion of real fish, oscillating back and forth to improve maneuverability, energy efficiency and noise reduction.
This study reveals the role of substrate carbon quality and nitrogen limitation in regulating temperature sensitivity (Q10) under various oxygen conditions. Q10 did not show consistent patterns under different oxygen levels, suggesting other factors may override oxygen's effect.
Recent research reviews the heterogeneity of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), highlighting convergent mechanisms including synaptic dysfunction, inflammation, and gut microbial disorders. The study aims to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers and evidence-based interventions, such as behavioral and educational approaches.
Researchers have developed a new treatment that uses tailored doses of anti-cancer drugs released directly into the surgical cavity to treat liver cancer. The approach has shown promise in reducing recurrence rates and minimizing chemotherapy side effects, with potential applications for other types of cancer.
A study of tens of thousands of individuals found that post-TB lung disease is a significant global challenge. TB survivors experience restrictive lung damage and airflow obstruction, reducing their ability to breathe efficiently and increasing the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.
Researchers from Flinders University have described three new species of giant fossil kangaroo, finding them more diverse in shape, range and hopping method than previously thought. The new study reveals that these ancient kangaroos were adapted to live in differing environments and even hopped in different ways.
A University of Melbourne expedition revealed that wind is a key cause of colossal rogue waves. The team's observations confirmed theories and provided critical information for future rogue wave prediction models.
The study found that the carbon beads were effective in restoring gut health and had a positive impact on liver, kidney and brain function in rats and mice. The beads were also tested on 28 cirrhosis patients and proved to be safe with negligible side effects.
A University of Sydney study found that most advertised items on major online food delivery outlets and applications are missing nutritional information. The study highlights the need for updated menu labelling laws to reflect the rise of online food delivery services, which have become increasingly popular in recent years.
The study leverages quantum entanglement and nonlocality to overcome noise challenges in quantum communication. By adding an extra connectivity link, researchers recovered lost quantum nonlocality, advancing our understanding of quantum phenomena and paving the way for resilient quantum technologies.
Researchers have identified a rare genetic condition, Glutamine Synthetase Stabilization Disorder, which causes seizures and delayed development. The study found that genetic variants increase the stability of an enzyme producing glutamine, disrupting brain development.
Researchers at USTC developed a novel stabilizer, DMAFo, to inhibit oxidation of iodide ions and deprotonation of organic cations in air-processed p-i-n perovskite solar cells. The study achieved a maximum PCE of 25.4% and certified stabilized efficiency of 24.7%.
A recent study published in Nature Astronomy revealed that positively charged carbon ions are being accelerated to escape speeds in a previously unexplored region of Venus's magnetosphere. This discovery sheds new light on the planet's atmospheric evolution and the loss of its historical water content.
A new study reveals that retention ponds and wetlands can significantly reduce the amount of tyre particles entering aquatic environments, with an average reduction of 75%. The research found that tyre wear particles outweigh other forms of microplastics, but are also removed in greater quantities.
A new paper by University of Illinois researchers explores the science behind selectivity preferences of monovalent and divalent anions towards redox polymers. They found that solvation plays a role in determining selectivity, and that hydrophobic polymers prefer less solvated anions.
Researchers have developed a radar analysis method to detect open water zones and other changes in Alaska's frozen rivers, providing current hazard maps for improved winter river safety. The approach is automated, applicable across the Arctic and sub-Arctic, and can be customized for any northern latitude rivers.
A new series of studies will test the effectiveness of PATCH, a USC-designed wearable device that accurately captures everyday activities. The device integrates multiple sensors to measure physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep in children.
Researchers found that male bonobos were more frequently aggressive than chimpanzees, engaging in 2.8 times more interactions and 3 times as many physical aggressions. More aggressive males had greater mating success, challenging the self-domesticating hypothesis.
Researchers used an AI-assisted application to help people write cartoon captions for The New Yorker Cartoon Caption Contest. The tool analyzed incongruity and generated suggestions, resulting in jokes rated 30% funnier than those written without assistance.
Researchers will study wearable robotic assistance for chronic SCI, new assessment tools for spatial neglect, and a web-based job interview training tool for autistic youth. The studies aim to improve upper extremity movement function and employment outcomes for individuals with autism.
Researchers found that macroalgae acquired new genes for cell adhesion, differentiation, communication, and transport from viruses, which played a critical role in their evolution to multicellularity. The study provides valuable genomic resources for further studies on the biology of macroalgae.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve, UNC/NCSU, and Pitt aim to develop an injectable nanotechnology that mimics platelet function to stabilize blood clots in traumatic injuries. The technology has the potential to stop hemorrhage and improve survival rates in emergency situations.
A recent study by Shinshu University researchers found that 1.62 per 1,000 live births have congenital deafness, with bilateral HL affecting 0.84% and unilateral HL affecting 0.77%. The main causes of these conditions were identified as hereditary factors and cochlear nerve deficiency.
The brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) ever recorded was caused by the collapse of a massive star, according to Northwestern University researchers. Despite extensive searches, no evidence of heavy elements like platinum and gold was found.
A Texas A&M University study found that freestanding emergency departments in Texas treat younger, healthier patients with moderate and low-intensity issues. The facilities handle nearly one quarter of all emergency department visits in the state and incur similar costs to hospital EDs.
Scientists have discovered a new ghostly slender ant species, Leptanilla voldemort, in the Pilbara region of north-western Australia. The species' unique morphology and sharp jaws suggest it may be a predator that exploits subterranean refuges.
A massive ancient galaxy, JWST-ER1g, has been found to have a high dark matter density, puzzling physicists. Researchers offer an explanation that suggests a mechanism compressing the dark matter halo could be responsible for the high density.
A large study of over 27,000 pediatric patients found that SARS-COV-2 infection does not increase the risk of asthma development. However, children with known risk factors for asthma were more likely to associate with new SARS-COV-2 diagnoses.
New research by Bangor University reveals that summer storms help maintain healthy oxygen levels in deep waters around the UK. The study shows that oxygen mixing can slow the development of a summer oxygen deficit, improving ocean health.
The Digitally programmable Over-brain Therapeutic (DOT) device, the size of a pea, activates the motor cortex, allowing patients to move their hands. The technology offers greater patient autonomy and accessibility than current neurostimulation-based therapies.
Researchers at IISc developed a novel hydrogel that can remove 95% of polyvinyl chloride and 93% of polypropylene microplastics from water. The hydrogel uses UV light irradiation and has a durable structure, making it suitable for repeated use.
A recent study found improvements in vaccination timeliness among US children from 2011 to 2021, however widening disparities by socioeconomic indicators highlight the need for increased efforts to facilitate timely vaccination among lower-income families.
Researchers created a proteomics-based imaging mass cytometry marker panel to categorize immune cells at single-cell resolution, identifying unique signatures of active T-cell-mediated rejection. The study aims to find personalized immunosuppression therapies with fewer side effects.
A novel machine learning model has been developed to characterize material surfaces, accurately predicting key electronic properties. The model, which employs artificial neural networks and transfer learning, shows great promise for exploring new materials with superior properties.