A new study published in BMC Primary Care demonstrates the effectiveness of screening and intervention for unhealthy alcohol use in primary care settings. The quality improvement study increased screenings for unhealthy alcohol use from 0% to 83% using a validated tool and agile implementation process.
Researchers have identified a signaling molecule called STAT4 that plays a crucial role in dendritic cells responding to inflammatory signals. This discovery could lead to the development of new therapeutics to modify immune responses and alleviate symptoms of diseases like multiple sclerosis.
A recent study published in Cell Metabolism reveals a critical link between defects in the urea cycle and the development of fatty liver disease. The researchers found that these defects lead to secondary impairment in energy metabolism, resulting in excessive fat storage and inflammation in the liver.
A new study provides a detailed map of healthy breast cells, shedding light on how breast cancer develops and the genetic ancestry-dependent variability in breast tissue. The research aims to identify new treatment targets and improve understanding of breast cancer development.
Researchers developed a triple-adeno-associated virus vector system to deliver full-length dystrophin protein into muscles, restoring muscle health and strength in mice models with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The approach has shown promise for treating patients with the genetic disorder.
Patients with intracerebral hemorrhage have better medical outcomes when surgeons perform early minimally invasive removal of a hematoma compared to standard care. The study found improved survival rates and functional outcomes at 180 days for patients who received early surgical intervention.
A new study by Indiana University researchers found that Black patients with breast cancer who receive docetaxel instead of paclitaxel have significantly lower rates of taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy (TIPN). This toxicity can lead to debilitating numbness, tingling, and pain in the hands and feet, impacting chemotherapy doses.
A team of researchers developed an eye-tracking biomarker model that can differentiate children with autism from those with other neurodevelopmental disabilities. The model achieved high sensitivity and specificity, allowing for more accurate diagnoses.
Researchers have discovered a protein marker to help identify cells able to repopulate in patients with damaged blood vessels. These cells could form new blood vessels and contribute to the repair of heart tissue after a heart attack.
Researchers discovered a novel brain network condition called 'explosive synchronization' that correlates with pain crises in sickle cell disease. This finding could lead to predicting and preventing severe episodes of pain, improving patient outcomes.
A new study found similarities in protein structures of Aβ and tau filaments between individuals with Alzheimer's disease and those with both conditions. This knowledge is crucial for understanding Alzheimer's disease in people with Down syndrome and assessing clinical trial inclusion.
A recent study published in JAMA found that Black patients are less likely to receive a heart transplant than white patients, with odds of acceptance being higher for white candidates. The study also revealed that the intersection of race and gender often worsens access for Black women.
A new blood test developed by Indiana University School of Medicine has identified biomarkers that can objectively measure schizophrenia severity and predict future risk. The test enables personalized treatment matching, reducing uncertainty and improving patient outcomes.
Researchers from Indiana University School of Medicine examined the use of ChatGPT in writing scientific review articles. They found that while AI-assisted approaches decreased writing time, they required more extensive fact-checking and produced incorrect references up to 70% of the time.
A protein called TAF15 forms amyloid filaments in brain cells, affecting frontal and temporal lobes. This discovery identifies a potential target for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for frontotemporal dementia.
Gene therapy treatments can prompt an adverse immune reaction when the body mistakenly perceives the treatment as a viral threat. Researchers have identified a critical pathway in the liver that triggers this response, but also found a way to block it, paving the way for safer and more precise gene therapy options.
Researchers have developed new tools to assess disease progression of Alzheimer's disease in animal models, providing a translational approach for studying the disease. The tools use neuroimaging and network modeling techniques to analyze metabolic changes in the brain, confirming previous clinical findings.
Researchers have discovered that genetic ancestry influences the biology of normal breast tissue and how it factors into the development of aggressive breast cancers. PZP cells, naturally higher in Black women, can influence cancer cell behavior and growth.
Researchers at IU School of Medicine have discovered a critical gene mutation in the PLCG2 gene that heightens the risk of Alzheimer's disease. The study found specific rare variants that elevated or reduced the susceptibility to the disease, shedding light on the genetic underpinnings.
A new study by Indiana University School of Medicine found that increasing pediatric readiness in emergency departments can reduce racial disparities in children and adolescents with acute medical emergencies. The higher the level of readiness, the lower the disparity between racial and ethnic groups.
A neglected brain region has been identified as a key player in addiction recovery. The supplementary motor cortex was found to be hyperexcitable in individuals with cocaine use disorders, even after withdrawal periods of 45 days. This discovery may lead to new treatment approaches using transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Neuroscientists have developed new, genetically diverse mouse models to study abnormal tau protein accumulation in the brain, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The study aims to improve research models and understanding of how genetic variations influence neurodegenerative disease development.
Researchers from IU School of Medicine have diagnosed a Sumatran Orangutan named Mila at the Indianapolis Zoo with Alkaptonuria, a rare autosomal recessive disorder. The diagnosis was confirmed through molecular analysis of DNA, providing veterinarians with crucial information on Mila's health and treatment options.
A new study led by Indiana University School of Medicine researchers shows that primary care clinicians who receive specialized training can make accurate autism diagnoses for over 80 percent of young children referred with developmental delays. The EAE Hub system, a statewide network providing training and collaborative learning, has ...
A study published in Alcohol: Clinical and Experimental Research found that a group of genes involved in neuronal plasticity and pain perception are also associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD) risk. These genes work together to influence neural communication, leading to changes in brain function that can contribute to AUDs.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open analyzed emoji use among hospitalists and found that emojis do not cause confusion or affect professionalism. The researchers analyzed thousands of lines of messages and discovered that emojis often serve a linguistic role, adding new information to the conversation.
Indiana University School of Medicine researchers will investigate muscle-directed gene therapies and test alternative treatment options for degenerative disorders like Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The goal is to develop more successful and long-term ways to help patients living with muscle disorders.
Alternative gene splicing has been linked to an increased risk of alcohol use disorder (AUD), according to a recent study published in Molecular Psychiatry. The researchers identified 27 exon skipping events that may contribute to AUD risk, opening up new possibilities for finding new therapeutics.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine discovered a strong association between obesity and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), a blood condition that increases the risk of blood cancer. The study found that obesity causes inflammation, which can lead to rapid growth of mutated blood cells.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have identified a new target for breast cancer treatment, the gene TONSL, which can make breast cells proliferate indefinitely. The study found that TONSL is amplified in about 20% of breast cancers and more than 30% of metastatic breast cancers.
A team of researchers from Indiana University School of Medicine has identified Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) as a crucial mediator of alcohol-induced liver injury. PDK4 plays a key role in the formation of calcium channels at the ER-mitochondria interface, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and accumulation of calcium ions.
A Phase I and Phase II clinical trial of the immunotherapy REGN5459 resulted in a 90.5 percent overall response rate among patients with relapsed multiple myeloma. The treatment is reasonably tolerated, with common side effects including cytokine release syndrome.
Psychiatrists at Indiana University School of Medicine found deaths by suicide increased during the week of a full moon, especially in people over age 55. They also identified 3-4 p.m. and September as peak times for suicides.
A study from Indiana University School of Medicine found that people with NAFLD have significantly decreased levels of the liver enzyme CYP2C19, which is important for medication processing. This decrease may lead to slower clearance of certain medications and reduced effectiveness of medicines like antidepressants and clopidogrel.
Researchers have identified a promising new combination of drugs to treat juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), a rare form of blood cancer affecting children. The combination of 5-azacitidine and MEK inhibitor PD0325901 reduced cancerous stem cells and improved blood cell abnormalities.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine investigated the protein BVES and its crucial role in muscular dystrophy. They discovered that inhibiting proteasome degradation with Bortezomib can alleviate symptoms of BVES-deficient muscular dystrophy.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine discovered that bacteria causing vaginal infections can also be present in men and transmitted through heterosexual sex. The study found that only men who reported having vaginal sex carried the bacteria, with detectable presence for at least two months after intercourse.
Glaucoma researchers identify mitochondria as a key source of energy for optic nerve cells, and restoring balance can protect these cells from damage. The study suggests enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis may be a promising treatment strategy.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have developed a blood test for anxiety that can help identify biomarkers associated with the disorder. The test has been validated by three independent cohorts and shows promise in matching patients to effective treatments, such as medications and nutraceuticals.
A clinical study by Indiana University School of Medicine researchers found that oral verapamil can improve pancreatic beta cell function in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes, with a 30% increase in insulin secretion over the first year. The trial involved 88 participants and was published in JAMA.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have identified a new type of cell called the vasculogenic fibroblast, which can help create new blood vessels for treatment. This discovery could lead to improved treatments for ischemic diseases such as diabetic wounds.
Scientists at Indiana University School of Medicine have developed a new treatment that blocks anaphylaxis caused by peanut allergies, potentially saving lives. The covalent heterobivalent inhibitor (cHBI) was tested in animal models and showed promise in preventing allergic reactions for over two weeks.
A team of researchers led by Adrian Oblak and Peter Bor-Chian Lin studied the INPP5D gene, which is associated with microglia-specific immune cells. They found that reducing its expression can mitigate Alzheimer's disease pathology, preserving cognitive function in lab models.
Researchers discovered a molecular 'clamping' mechanism within a male-specific protein-DNA complex that exploits a water molecule to stabilize the complex and enable sex reversal. The study sheds light on Swyer Syndrome, a condition where children with XY chromosomes develop female bodies.
Researchers at IU School of Medicine discovered a genetic variant that may increase the risk of heart damage from anthracycline-based chemotherapy. The study found that this variant can be predicted using human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, and potential strategies to prevent cardiotoxicity are being explored.
Researchers from Indiana University School of Medicine identified the protein bassoon as a key contributor to tau neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease. The study found that bassoon stabilizes the tau seed, allowing it to propagate in the brain and exacerbate neurodegeneration.
Researchers developed STAARpipeline to analyze rare genetic variants, enabling comprehensive analysis of noncoding variants. The tool found significant associations in gene-centric and non-gene-centric analyses, advancing genetic research.
Researchers have discovered a way to reactivate a fetal repair pathway in adults to improve healing of diabetic wounds. The study used tissue nanotransfection technology to deliver a gene that activates the protein NPGPx, which is active in fetuses but largely inactive in adults and absent in diabetic adults.
A recent study published in Nature Communications identified a root cause of chronic heart failure following a heart attack, revealing that iron drives the formation of fatty tissue in the heart. This discovery has the potential to prevent heart failure in nearly half a million people in the US and millions more worldwide.
Researchers from Indiana University School of Medicine found that many reasons clinicians reject transplantation in cannabis users have no scientific basis. They identified areas where more research is needed, including interactions between cannabis and immunosuppressants.