A new diapsid reptile species has been discovered in Oklahoma with evidence of dental pathology, providing insights into its biology and evolution. The fossil, dated to the early Permian period, was analyzed using neutron tomography and revealed abnormalities in its teeth.
Researchers analyzed GPS tracks of 46 wandering albatrosses to understand their airspeed increases with wind speed up to 20 m/s. The birds limit their airspeed by adjusting turn angles to maintain wing strength, while exploiting updrafts over waves in low winds.
A study found that concerns about colonoscopy, lack of opportunity to discuss next steps with a medical provider, and assumptions about personal risk are common reasons patients don't follow up after a positive at-home test. Researchers also developed two simple risk measurement tools to predict COVID-19 mortality rates, which could he...
Researchers found that a gene mutation in mice resulted in increased plaque deposits and larger clumps, suggesting the gene plays a critical role in immune defenses. The study may lead to new therapies targeting this gene mutation to slow progression of Alzheimer's disease.
Scientists have developed a detailed 'atlas' of human fetal brain development, revealing the origin of aggressive medulloblastomas. The study identifies a collection of progenitor cells that give rise to these tumors and provides potential targets for therapy.
A new study finds that different definitions of whole-grain foods yield varying results on American consumers' intake, highlighting the need for a standardized consensus. While overall consumption has increased, it remains below recommended levels, with discrepancies among racial/ethnic groups and across institutions.
Great gray owls have a broad disc-like face that acts as radar to find food, while their facial features help correct for sonic distortions caused by snow. The owls' ability to hover above prey allows them to pinpoint location and avoid acoustic mirages created by the snow.
A recent study found that carbon dioxide changes the way macronutrients are stored and reallocated in the body of bumblebee queens. The researchers discovered that carbon dioxide induces a change in metabolism, which then triggers secondary effects on reproduction, contrary to previous hypotheses.
A new study by UC Davis suggests that online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic was detrimental to teens' mental health, school satisfaction, and performance. Teens who attended school in-person reported more social inclusion and fewer mental health issues than those learning online.
A team of researchers has discovered how pore space geometry affects the transport of substances through complex porous media. By studying microchips with varying obstruction geometries, they found that branching and junctions play a crucial role in controlling the direction and speed of fluid flow.
A new study from Brigham Young University found that most people on social media self-censor their comments to avoid conflict, while those on the margins fuel online dialogue. The study suggests a shift towards polarized conversations and encourages users to focus on solutions rather than defending identities.
A team of scientists analyzed ancient DNA from medieval German Jews and found that the Ashkenazi Jewish community was more genetically diverse than modern-day Jews. The study suggests that the founder event occurred before the 14th century, with a small population giving rise to the modern Ashkenazi Jewish population.
A new study explores how teenage boys are taught about consent in schools and how they interpret educational messages. The research highlights the need for a more nuanced approach to consent education, addressing ambivalence, ambiguity, and uncertainty.
Researchers are developing new male birth control options that could provide a safer and more effective alternative to hormonal methods. Non-hormonal approaches targeting proteins essential for sperm production are showing promise in clinical trials with minimal side effects.
A new species of ancient bird, Janavis finalidens, has been found with a mobile beak, challenging the long-held assumption that modern birds evolved from a 'ancient jaw' group. The fossil shows a fused palate bone, similar to those of ostriches and their relatives.
The study found that earthquake-accelerated landslides (EALs) can maintain accelerated motion for a long time after the earthquake, causing particularly serious human casualties in seismically active areas. Satellite radar observations detected and investigated EALs in Central Italy, leading to the first ever complete EAL inventory.
A global Phase 2/3 clinical trial found that vaccination with SCB-2019 reduced the risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 infection to household members. The study showed a significant reduction in symptomatic cases among vaccinated household contacts and indicated that vaccines can play an important role in controlling future outbreaks.
Researchers found a strong association between hotter weather, more sunshine, and higher volumes of polytrauma CT scans. The study used machine learning algorithms to forecast daily polytrauma CT occurrence, predicting 73% of high-demand days and 83% of low-demand days.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have successfully created the smallest mobile lifeform, a synthetic bacterium named syn3, capable of swimming. By introducing seven proteins, they were able to reconstitute a minimal motility system based on Spiroplasma swimming, revealing that only two proteins were necessary for movement.
A new PET imaging method is more effective than angiograms in determining the need for coronary stents or bypass surgery, according to UTHealth Houston researchers. The study confirms that PET threshold of severity at which stents and bypass surgery improve survival compared to medical treatment alone.
Research reveals that individuals with autism have normal pain thresholds but increased sensitivity to painful stimuli. This study's findings suggest the need for increased awareness and early treatment to improve quality of life for autistic individuals.
A study published in Nature reveals that cancer stem cells' miscommunication with their environment can trigger a self-perpetuating series of events leading to malignancy. Leptin signaling plays a surprising role in this process, which could be blocked to prevent tumor progression.
Researchers identify INPP5D as a key player in the inflammation process contributing to Alzheimer's disease, which may offer new potential targets for therapies. The study found that mice with inactivated INPP5D gene had more plaques covered by microglia, suggesting unexpected results when modulating inflammation genes.
Researchers at Pusan National University have developed a new, energy-efficient process to control the orientation of filler particles in thermally conductive polymer composites. This allows for improved heat dissipation in electronics and batteries, reducing energy costs and extending device lifespan.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona have developed a new tool to block protein-protein interactions, a potential therapeutic approach for diseases such as prostate cancer. The synthetic molecules mimic the binding surface of proteins, offering high versatility and stability.
A new study found that only 37% of participants with limited English proficiency were offered a choice of language support, highlighting the need for improved interpreting services. The study also identified barriers such as difficulties in requesting an interpreter and waiting times over a week for availability.
Researchers at Chalmers University have developed an optical hydrogen sensor that can detect extremely low levels of hydrogen, allowing for early detection and alarm. The sensor uses AI technology to optimize particle arrangement and geometry, achieving sensitivity in the parts per billion range.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University are developing a new treatment for Candida auris, a multidrug-resistant yeast that causes serious infection and death. The five-year NIH grant will enhance an antifungal drug developed by SCYNEXIS to prevent the spread of the fungus.
A large US study found that excess oxygen during surgery is associated with a higher risk of kidney, heart, and lung injury. The study of over 350,000 patients suggests that liberal use of oxygen may be harmful to the body's cells and tissues.
A recent research study led by David Almeida found that daily stressors and people's reactivity to them decrease with age. As younger individuals juggle multiple roles, their social roles and motivations change as they age, leading to fewer stressors.
Researchers at UCI discovered that removing cilia from the striatum region impairs time perception and judgment, affecting motor responses and decision-making. This finding may lead to new therapeutic targets for schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and other conditions.
Researchers discovered that ant pupae secrete a fluid that is consumed by both adults and larvae, highlighting the interconnectedness of different developmental stages within an ant colony. The fluid, derived from molting, is rich in nutrients and psychoactive substances, essential for larval growth and adult metabolism.
A new study has shed light on the lost medieval chapel of St Erasmus at Westminster Abbey, revealing its role as a royal burial site and its connection to the cult of a disembowelled saint. The chapel, demolished in 1502, is believed to have held relics, including a single tooth, and featured gruesome images of the saint's martyrdom.
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science developed a new electrostatically controlled clutch that enables soft robotic hands to hold 4 pounds, 40 times more than before. The clutch uses a fracture-mechanics-based model to achieve this feat while requiring only 125 volts of electricity.
A survey by UCI MIND found that media coverage of the FDA's decision made people less willing to volunteer for Alzheimer's pharmaceutical trials. The study highlights the powerful influence of media coverage on scientific research and emphasizes the need for diverse populations in clinical trials.
Astronomers have detected the most distant black hole swallowing a star, with the event occurring one-third of its current age. The discovery was made using ESO's Very Large Telescope (VLT) and provides new insights into these extreme events.
Researchers find that heat stress drastically reduces red coral larvae survival, while white gorgonian larvae show higher tolerance but limited dispersal. This could compromise coral populations' ability to cope with climate change.
The study uses 3D electron microscopy and live cell imaging to observe molecular tethers between organelles. These dynamic structures are constantly binding and unbinding, altering contact site configuration in response to cellular changes.
A new study by Anglia Ruskin University found significant disparities in job application outcomes based on age, gender, and race. The research revealed that younger candidates were more likely to receive job interviews and higher salaries compared to older workers from diverse backgrounds.
Researchers investigate how voice technology affects consumers' willingness to disclose personal info, with potential benefits for marketers and policymakers. The study reveals that voice technology can both increase and decrease disclosure, depending on the context.
A recent study published in Psychological Science found that women are less likely to participate in Q&A sessions at academic conferences due to anxiety about receiving professional backlash. Despite this, men were also found to hold back questions, but for different reasons, highlighting the need for structural changes to create a mor...
A Finnish study found that cumulative adverse psychosocial factors in childhood are associated with poorer learning and memory in midlife. Specifically, poor self-regulatory behavior and social adjustment in childhood linked to poorer learning ability and memory decades later.
Researchers at The Forsyth Institute have made two breakthrough discoveries that could lead to new treatments for cartilage injuries and degeneration. They found that β-catenin, a multifaceted protein, plays a role in skeletal cell fate determination and ectopic chondrogenesis.
CHOP researchers identified a gain-of-function variant in SCN1A that leads to an earlier onset of epilepsy, with clinical features distinct from other epilepsies. The study found that patients with this recurrent variant responded favorably to oxcarbazepine, a readily available anti-seizure medication.
Researchers developed a new method to detect lung cancer using machine learning and statistical techniques, identifying 7 specific volatile organic compounds in breath samples. This breakthrough could lead to earlier diagnosis and improved treatment outcomes for patients.
A comprehensive analysis of quality improvement initiatives in operating rooms reveals that sustainability interventions can significantly reduce costs and decrease carbon footprint. The study identified effective strategies such as powering down lights and equipment, reducing waste, and implementing recycling programs.
Researchers analyzed metal ingots from a 14th century B.C. shipwreck to understand the origins of copper and tin used in bronze production. The study found that two-thirds of the tin came from Turkey, contradicting previous assumptions about its source.
Researchers found a strong association between rare tandem repeats in genes crucial for brain function and the development of schizophrenia. The study used whole-genome sequencing and machine learning techniques to analyze the genomes of 2,100 individuals, including those with and without schizophrenia.
Researchers at MIT have discovered that the adult brain contains millions of silent synapses, which may explain how the brain forms new memories without modifying existing connections. These inactive connections can be recruited to help form new memories when important new information is presented.
A Texas A&M team will leverage single-cell sequencing technology to improve cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. The project aims to develop novel statistical methods for analyzing single-cell RNA-sequencing data to reveal medically important information about cancer.
Researchers developed a novel 3D printing technique to fabricate complex metal–plastic composite structures with arbitrarily complex shapes. The process, called MM-DLP3DP, allows for the creation of precise metal patterns and high-quality metal coatings, enabling the development of highly integrated and customizable microelectronics.
A team of researchers from Cornell University has developed a method to study delayed earthquake triggering in laboratory settings. They found that the speed and strength of 'creep fronts' are sensitive to fault stress levels from previous earthquakes, which could potentially serve as local stress meters for predicting seismic events.
Researchers identified formic acid as a sensitive urinary biomarker for early-stage Alzheimer's disease, which could lead to large-scale screening programs. The study found that formic acid levels correlate with cognitive decline and can predict disease stage when combined with blood-based biomarkers.
A study by researchers at Boyce Thompson Institute has identified genes that can help plant breeders develop fruit crops that can adapt to drought conditions. The research found that water stress triggers physiological disorders and fruit loss, but also has positive effects such as increasing lycopene levels in ripe fruit.
Physicists at Google Quantum AI have produced quantum states that exhibit special symmetries, protecting them from environmental noise. The researchers used superconducting qubits to realize symmetry-protected Majorana edge modes, which last longer than other quantum states.
Research finds that crowding on public transit makes time seem to pass more slowly, with rushed commutes feeling significantly longer. The study used virtual reality simulations of subway rides and found that crowded trips took around 10% longer than less crowded ones.
A new study from the University of East Anglia found that overweight women are more likely to experience symptoms of long Covid. The research also shows that people with long Covid are much more likely to need additional and lasting NHS care than those who make a swift recovery.
A new AI method has analyzed substance use trends among Canadian high schoolers, identifying factors such as large weekly allowances and low physical activity that increase the risk of transitioning to multiple substance use. The study found that once students start using substances, it is rare for them to stop, highlighting the need f...
The Wuhan University research team has developed a powerful model called FingerDTA, which uses convolutional neural networks to predict drug-target binding affinity. This can help identify potential novel drug candidates and reduce costs and time in traditional drug discovery methods.
Researchers believe a black hole suddenly began devouring a nearby star, releasing energy and creating the brightest ever recorded TDE. The jet's direction may be pointing towards Earth, causing Doppler boosting, and could reveal insights into how supermassive black holes grow.