A new early autism screening system has improved access to evaluations and lowered the age of diagnosis, with a mean age of 30 months compared to national average of 48-plus months. The system was developed in collaboration with healthcare professionals across Indiana, enabling primary care physicians to identify children at risk for ASD.
A study in the New England Journal of Medicine has found that dose escalation of hydroxyurea treatment is more effective and has similar side effects than a lower fixed dose for children with sickle cell anemia in Uganda. The results have global implications and can potentially improve treatment outcomes worldwide.
Using human stem cell models, researchers identified deficits within cells damaged by glaucoma and found that correcting genetic mutations could slow disease progression. They also discovered dysfunction in autophagy, a process that removes damaged cells, which correlated with neurodegeneration.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have successfully grown hairy skin from human stem cells using a 3D cell culture method. The study shows that skin generated from pluripotent stem cells can integrate into mouse skin, leading to potential applications in skin reconstruction and disease modeling.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine tracked COVID-19 spread in a pediatric dialysis unit using antibody testing on patients, staff, and healthcare workers. The study found a high occurrence of COVID-19 antibodies among individuals interacting in the unit, suggesting that more healthcare workers may be antibody-positive.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have identified ST2 as a novel checkpoint molecule that could help T cells become more effective in fighting colorectal cancer. By targeting ST2-expressing macrophages, the researchers were able to slow tumor growth and boost T-cell activity.
Researchers from Indiana University School of Medicine discovered that boosting energy levels in damaged nerve fibers can promote axonal regeneration and functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Deleting a protein anchor in the mitochondria also improved motor functions.
Researchers have identified eight new loci that increase a person's risk for squamous cell skin cancer, bringing the total to 22. The study confirmed previously known risk loci while adding new genomic locations, providing insight into genetic associations and molecular pathways involved in skin cancer development.
Researchers at IU Simon Cancer Center aim to improve understanding of hematopoietic stem cell function in the bone marrow using CD166. The team is investigating CD166's role in sustaining stem cell function and identifying a molecule that allows separation of osteomacs from macrophages.
A novel therapeutic target for promoting neuroprotection has been identified in the lumbar circuit below a spinal cord injury, suggesting potential hope for restoring motor function. The discovery uses animal models to show that neuromodulation of interrupted lumbar motor circuits with neurotrophic therapy improves locomotor performance.
A team of researchers from IU School of Medicine has discovered a way to predict the recurrence of triple negative breast cancer in women. They found that patients without circulating tumor DNA in their plasma had an 81% chance of being cancer-free after two years, compared to 56% for those with detectable levels.
A clinical trial will investigate the use of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) to improve liver function and mortality in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. The study, led by IU School of Medicine researcher Suthat Liangpunsakul, aims to provide new avenues for treating this condition.
A new study by Indiana University School of Medicine researchers found that providing adolescents with same-day access to long-acting reversible contraception can lead to significant cost savings for insurance providers. The study also found a decrease in unintended pregnancies and abortions associated with same-day placement.
A new clinical trial, EAZ171, is recruiting black women with breast cancer to investigate and treat taxane-induced neuropathy. The study seeks to identify the most effective chemotherapy regimen for African American women, who are disproportionately affected by this debilitating side effect.
Researchers discovered an association between liver function and Alzheimer's disease, finding evidence of metabolic disturbance and altered liver enzymes linked to cognitive impairment. The study used blood-based biochemical markers of liver function to uncover connections with established Alzheimer's biomarkers.
The NCAA-DoD Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium has made nearly two-thirds of its data available globally. The dataset comprises 88 million data points and provides insights into concussion effects on the brain. Researchers can now collaborate more easily across the traumatic brain injury research field.
Researchers found that a memory training program improved memory performance, while a computer-based program called Insight improved both memory and information processing speed. The study suggests these programs may help alleviate symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and fatigue in breast cancer survivors.
Delirium is a common acute condition with significant short- and long-term effects on cognition and function. A systematic evidence review identified risks, prevention options, and prognoses related to delirium, emphasizing the need for effective management strategies.
Researchers investigated whether altruism influences parental decisions to vaccinate their children against preventable diseases. Despite studies showing benefit to others motivates adults to vaccinate themselves, the review found no conclusive evidence that herd immunity plays a role in parents' decision-making.
A new study highlights the importance of frequent and coordinated communication between healthcare providers and family members who make decisions for hospitalized older adults with impaired cognition. Surrogate decision-makers crave detailed information, emotional support, and regular updates from clinicians to alleviate stress and an...
A study found that group yoga significantly improved balance in stroke survivors, even after six months post-stroke. The yoga program included modified postures, relaxation, and meditation, and showed clinically meaningful improvements.
A study by Indiana University School of Medicine found that nonwhite Medicare patients with heart failure are less likely to enroll in hospice, but more likely to experience hospitalizations and increased costs when they do. Racial disparities persisted over time, highlighting the need for improved end-of-life care options.
The Aging Brain Care model, developed by Indiana University researchers, aims to deliver better health care to older adults through interdisciplinary care teams and personalized treatment plans. The expanded program is expected to reduce emergency department visits and hospitalizations among Medicare beneficiaries.
The guidelines provide evidence-based information for diagnosing and managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which is rapidly becoming the most common cause of cirrhosis in the US. The condition can lead to liver cancer and failure, emphasizing the need for standardized medical care.
A recent study found that almost 90% of older adults aged 65-96 were willing to undergo dementia screening, with refusal rates higher among those between 70-79 years old. The study's results suggest that age is the primary factor affecting willingness, with no significant impact from sex, race, or income level.
A new, user-friendly tool called the Healthy Aging Brain Care Monitor has been found to be a reliable and valid way to measure dementia symptoms. The study, published by Indiana University School of Medicine, shows that the monitor can detect changes in symptoms and distinguish between patients with varying levels of impairment.
Researchers examine past five years of underwater deliveries by HealthNet midwives to determine maternal and baby health indicators, aiming to improve reproductive health care. The study's findings will inform national policy and contribute to the field's adoption of health information technology.
Researchers genetically modified kidney cells to produce a protein that promotes cell growth and regeneration. The transplanted cells engrafted themselves into damaged kidneys, resulting in improved function and limited physical damage. This breakthrough has significant implications for the treatment of human kidney failure.
Researchers developed STeleR, a home telerehabilitation program that improves lower body physical functioning after a stroke. Participating in STeleR also enhances money management skills and improves daily living abilities.
A comprehensive list of genes associated with schizophrenia has been identified, enabling the development of a predictive test that can estimate an individual's risk of developing the disease. The test, which predicts schizophrenia risk in about two-thirds of cases, holds promise for early intervention and treatment.
A research team identified a comprehensive group of genes linked to schizophrenia and developed a prototype predictive test that can accurately assess an individual's risk of developing the disease. The test was able to predict schizophrenia risk in about two-thirds of cases, providing guidance for early intervention and treatment.
Current colorectal cancer screening guidelines for individuals with first-degree relatives having precancerous colon polyps are not based on well-designed studies. A new systematic review calls for new research to measure the risk and identify modifying factors.
A new study from the Regenstrief Institute and Indiana University has found that individuals with dementia are more likely to die at home rather than in a nursing home. The majority of care for those with dementia is provided in the community by families, contradicting previous assumptions.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that male adolescents have bacteria in their urinary tracts, which are similar to those found in young women. The researchers discovered that the types of bacteria on the penis differ from those in the urethra and that circumcision status affects bacterial composition.
The Regenstrief Institute's Aging Brain Care Program is launching a global initiative to provide collaborative dementia care. The program's tools and resources aim to reduce emergency room and hospital visits by up to 45%, improving the quality of care for those with dementia.
A new randomized controlled trial found that memantine, a commonly prescribed medication for Alzheimer's disease, is no more effective in reducing significant agitation than a placebo. The study suggested improvements in cognitive functioning and neuropsychiatric symptoms, but failed to provide relief from severe agitation.
The John A. Hartford Foundation awards $2.5 million in career development grants to 83 IU School of Medicine geriatricians to improve healthcare for older adults. The award aims to increase the number of academic leaders in geriatric medicine and address the growing need for trained geriatricians.
A study by Regenstrief and IU found that screening for cognitive impairment in hospitals does not improve patient outcomes. The study suggests that a more nuanced approach to addressing the issue is needed.
Researchers at IU School of Medicine and Regenstrief Institute created an automated system called CHICA to streamline pediatric care. CHICA uses risk factor data to alert physicians to potential issues, allowing them to focus on individual children's needs.
A study by Regenstrief Institute and U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs investigators found that prescribers are sometimes unsure why an alert appears and that alert designs are more pharmacist-oriented than physician- or nurse practitioner-oriented.
Regenstrief Institute investigator Noll Campbell has been chosen by the American Geriatrics Society to receive a Merck/American Geriatrics Society New Investigator Award. His clinical research on medication effects on older adults aims to improve care for frail populations.
Aaron E. Carroll, a renowned health policy expert, will provide insight into the political aspects of health care via The JAMA Forum, analyzing presidential campaign proposals and Supreme Court decisions.
A researcher at Indiana University has discovered a compound that could counteract HIV's ability to hijack the immune system's protection mechanism. The compound, which binds to the CD59 protein, enables antibodies and complement proteins to attack infected cells instead of just viral particles.
A new IU study found that physicians' diagnoses of child abuse vary based on a patient's socioeconomic status rather than their race. The study contradicts previous research that linked differential diagnosis to racial disparities. Socioeconomic factors have a significant impact on physician decision-making.
A study examined the user experience of popular functions in the Department of Veterans Affairs' My HealtheVet system, finding that users found the prescription refill function particularly useful. Patients also sought features that would allow them to easily download and share their health information with healthcare providers.
A standardized medical terminology system, LOINC (Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes), has been adopted internationally as a common language for medical measurements. Developed by the Regenstrief Institute, LOINC enables hospitals and healthcare providers to accurately record, transfer, and use medical data.
A new study found that nearly all emergency departments in Indiana shared patients, challenging conventional wisdom about health care systems. The research highlights the need for instant access to patient information across geographic areas and the nation.
A study published in Medical Care explores ways to empower patients and transform cancer care systems to improve quality. Researchers propose new approaches, including accountable care and personal health records, to address racial disparities and wasteful overuse.
Researchers from Indiana University School of Medicine have made a breakthrough using century-old brain samples to detect mental illness. The goal is to create a simple blood test for conditions like bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and PTSD, which could lead to faster diagnoses and improved patient care.
Dr. Martin Were's mobile health solutions have improved patient care and reduced substandard care in Kenya's AMPATH initiative. The innovations use smartphone technology to provide real-time access to patient data and enforce compliance with care guidelines.