A new study estimates that reef shark numbers have dropped substantially around populated islands, with numbers declining by more than 90% compared to untouched reefs. The research uses towed-diver surveys to compare shark populations at reefs spanning from heavily impacted ones to pristine areas.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab directed the self-assembly of gold nanoparticles into device-ready materials using a simple and inexpensive technique. The method has potential applications in computer memory storage, energy harvesting, remote-sensing, catalysis, light management, and plasmonics.
Researchers at University at Buffalo found that obese drivers are less likely to wear seatbelts than normal weight drivers, resulting in higher mortality rates. The study suggests that cars should be designed to accommodate obese individuals, increasing the likelihood of seatbelt use.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center found that adolescents newly diagnosed with cancer have strong concerns about their ability to have children as cancer survivors. Parents often inaccurately relayed their child's reproductive concerns and underestimated their daughters' desires for future parenthood.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center have found a new way to overcome resistance to drugs that target the BRAF gene mutation in melanoma. The study, led by Jeffrey S. Weber and Keiran S. Smalley, showed that an inhibitor called XL888 can restore effectiveness in patients who have developed resistance to existing treatments.
Researchers found that hazel dormice exhibit a complex reproductive strategy, with early and late birth peaks, due to hibernation. Early-born juveniles outpace late-born counterparts, while females with higher body mass can invest in early reproduction.
H. Julia Hannay has received the University of Houston's 2012 Esther Farfel Award for her outstanding contributions to clinical neuropsychology and her highly respected clinical neuropsychology training program. The award recognizes her efforts in mentoring students and advancing research in the field.
Researchers at NYU College of Dentistry and UCSF will use genomic markers to identify oral cancer patients who don't need neck dissection. This study aims to improve quality of life and reduce recovery time for patients, potentially saving lives.
Researchers found glycolipids play a crucial role in controlling cell growth, with defects linked to neurofibromatosis and certain cancers. The study sheds light on the disease's mechanisms and potential drug development.
Researchers found that countries like China, India, and the USA rely heavily on pollination-dependent crops, while others like Egypt and Turkey have decreased dependence. The study suggests that global price increases for these products may be a warning sign for potential conflicts between agriculture and insect-related services.
Center-pivot irrigation, invented in 1949, improves water distribution and reduces evaporation, resulting in more efficient farming. The technique is used worldwide, covering 20% of cultivated fields, which produce 40% of global food supply.
A Scripps Research Institute scientist has developed a novel method to design small molecule therapeutics targeting RNA, leveraging a bottom-up approach that uses information on RNA folds and internal loops. The successful designs have shown strong activity against myotonic dystrophy type 1, a common form of muscular dystrophy.
A study reveals that urban rail traffic induces significant environmental vibrations in the short wavelength range, caused by uneven wheel-rail contact. The researchers found that the source function for these vibrations is better described by a power spectral density function of wheel-rail contact rather than track contact.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center are developing 'designer lymph nodes' that use gene-modified cells to produce a pre-planned immunologic response for cancer patients. These innovative nodes aim to rebuild and augment the immune system, overcoming dysfunction caused by tumors or treatments.
Three new rootstocks, Zentmyer, Steddom, and Uzi, have demonstrated superior tolerance to Phytophthora root rot (PRR), a devastating disease affecting avocado production globally. The rootstocks offer improved yields and salt tolerance, enabling growers to manage PRR effectively.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a method to increase the power output of flexible, low-cost solar cells by creating microscopic folds on the surface of photovoltaic material. This technique increases the absorption of light and generation of energy, particularly in the red spectrum, where conventional solar panels st...
A team of researchers has demonstrated an optical frequency transfer with high stability through a standard telecommunication optical fiber network. This achievement enables the ability to compare optical clocks located far apart and transmit their stability to distant laboratories, benefiting fundamental research in physics and industry.
A study published in Journal of Adolescent Health found that happy body image is linked to lower rates of depression, anxiety, and unhealthy eating habits among overweight teenagers. Researchers suggest improving body satisfaction could be a key component of interventions for overweight youth.
Tim Townes receives $20,000 HudsonAlpha Prize for his groundbreaking work on reprogramming cells to treat sickle cell anemia. His research successfully corrects the DNA mutation associated with the disease, producing healthy red blood cells.
A Moffitt researcher has received a $100,000 grant from General Electric to develop a genetic tool that can identify an individual's predisposition to developing or resisting breast cancer metastasis. The study aims to evaluate inherited changes in DNA predictive of and identify risk for developing or resisting breast cancer metastasis.
Researchers at CAMH discovered a new form of intellectual disability linked to the NSUN2 gene mutation, affecting cognitive development and neuron functioning. The study found that this recessive disorder requires inheriting two defective genes from parents to develop intellectual disability.
The lobSTR algorithm accelerates DNA profiling by accurately analyzing over 100,000 short tandem repeats in a single day. This innovation opens up new research opportunities in medical genetics, population genetics, and forensics.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have defined the structure of the human obesity receptor, a key factor in regulating body fat. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for complications of obesity and anorexia.
A new group of regulatory molecules called mirror-microRNAs has been discovered to control multiple aspects of brain function. These microRNA genes are produced from the same piece of DNA but have different functions in regulating protein production and movement, doubling the capacity of regulation.
Physicists from the University of Zurich detected a baryon with one light and two heavy quarks, Xi_b^*, in proton collisions at CERN's LHC. The discovery confirms the theory of quark binding and helps understand the strong interaction.
Researchers argue that a youthful brain can be maintained through engagement and lifestyle choices, rather than just compensating for age-related decline. Engagement, including social, mental, and physical stimulation, has been shown to promote better cognitive performance in older adults.
A long-term study on nature tourism in China's Wolong Nature Reserve found that those with resources, education, and government connections were more likely to succeed in the tourism industry. The research highlights the need for balanced policies between economic development and habitat management.
A new study at the University of Rochester Medical Center found that fetal growth restriction, a potential cause of stillbirth, is less common in obese pregnancies. In contrast, slow-growing babies are more prevalent among normal-weight women. The researchers suggest that missed diagnoses may not be a major concern in obese pregnancies.
Engineers at Stanford University have developed a novel method to decorate nanowires with nanoparticles, increasing surface area and altering surface chemistry. This technique may lead to improved lithium-ion batteries, more efficient thin-film solar cells and enhanced catalysts.
A new study by Dr. Laura Wagner and colleagues found that accredited nursing homes report better staffing, teamwork, and training practices, leading to improved resident safety. The research suggests that Joint Commission accreditation stimulates positive changes in safety-related organizational structures and processes.
Research reveals rats' ability to chew and gnaw makes their bite more effective than specialized rodents like squirrels and guinea pigs. The study suggests that the rat's muscle adaptation is key to its success, allowing it to efficiently eat through a wide variety of materials.
A new study published in PLoS ONE found that the fungal infection leads to deadly dehydration in wild frogs, causing cardiac arrest and death. The research confirms what researchers have seen in lab experiments, providing a better understanding of how the disease progresses and suggesting potential treatments for infected frogs.
GraphExeter, a graphene-based material, enhances solar panel efficiency by up to 30% due to its wide light spectrum transparency. It has the potential to replace indium tin oxide in wearable devices and smart windows, offering a flexible alternative for electronics industry
A study analyzing data from 30 Chinese provinces found that energy consumption has a greater impact on output than labor, while pollution has little effect. China must implement effective environmental regulations to reduce pollution and energy consumption and bind economic growth with environmental protection.
The John A. Hartford Foundation awards $2.5 million in career development grants to 83 IU School of Medicine geriatricians to improve healthcare for older adults. The award aims to increase the number of academic leaders in geriatric medicine and address the growing need for trained geriatricians.