A new method uses conductive polymer spray ionization mass spectrometry and machine learning to detect changes in metabolites in saliva samples from 373 volunteers. The diagnostic accuracy of the method is reported at 86.7%, suggesting a potential point-of-care test for oral squamous cell carcinoma.
A five-year outcomes study of 30 patients found that early-stage deep brain stimulation (DBS) decreased the risk of disease progression and polypharmacy compared to optimal medical therapy alone. The study showed significant improvements in motor symptoms, with DBS patients requiring less medication for symptom management.
Researchers discovered a key mechanism that triggers blood vessel stiffness, leading to cardiovascular disease. Re-purposed Alzheimer's drugs targeting BACE1 enzyme show promising results in reversing blood vessel damage.
Researchers studied ocean water properties beneath Ross Ice Shelf, revealing four distinct water column regions with varying temperature and salinity structures. The findings suggest the presence of enhanced diffusion, potentially modifying cavity circulation, which is tidally modulated.
Scientists found impressive reefs with diverse coral communities but few fish, particularly near coastal communities. The research provides critical baseline data to monitor changes and inform management plans for conservation.
GingerVR, an open-source Unity tool kit, tackles cybersickness in VR and AR environments. Researchers found that the software implements eight reduction techniques to address individual differences in user symptoms.
A new German research project aims to improve the automatic analysis and generation of high-quality texts using artificial intelligence. The goal is to disentangle styles and topics in textual data, enabling enhanced text quality and influencing tone, while overcoming challenges with irony and sarcasm.
A recent study by the German Sport University found that losers in tennis make more spontaneous nonverbal head movements after losing points compared to winning points. These movements include head shaking and tilting upwards or side-to-side. The analysis of nonverbal behavior can help improve an athlete's performance during competition.
Multiple transpolar auroral arcs are formed by plasma flow shears and electrical currents along the Earth's magnetic field. The study reveals insight into coupling processes in the Earth's magnetotail under a northward interplanetary magnetic field.
A new study published by the American Heart Association has found a connection between narrow retinal artery diameters and higher blood pressure in young children. Researchers analyzed data from over 260 children aged six to eight, finding that narrower retinal vessel diameters were associated with increased systolic blood pressure.
Researchers developed a novel EEG system that can measure brain activity from multiple adult zebrafish simultaneously, opening up new possibilities for cheaper and faster drug screening for neurological disorders. This study successfully mapped changes in brain signals during epileptic attacks and demonstrated the efficacy of an anti-e...
A new study by Brandi Woodell and Philip Schwadel found that emerging adults with same-sex attraction are twice as likely to disaffiliate from organized religion than their heterosexual peers. However, there was little change in prayer among the groups.
New research suggests that as Earth warms, natural ecosystems like freshwaters will release more methane than predicted. The study attributes this difference to changes in microbial communities within ecosystems regulating methane emissions.
The Combined Engineering Judgment review by Sandia's Delegated Chief Engineer for Nuclear Weapons Ernie Wilson validated the lab's work on the B61-12 Life Extension Program, ensuring the weapon meets safety and security requirements. The program aims to extend the bomb's service life by decades through refurbishment and modernization.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered trochoidal dichroism, a novel type of polarized light-matter interaction. The discovery reveals that different wavelengths of light interact differently with plasmonic nanoparticles, which could help study molecules and determine molecular orientation.
A study found that pregnant women and new mothers in Cambodia use bear products to treat pregnancy and post-partum related ailments. This practice poses a significant threat to bear populations, highlighting the need for conservation efforts to reduce demand pressures.
Research found that corporate activism's impact on a company's value and stock market performance varies depending on alignment with customers', employees', and state regulators' views. Alignment results in positive effects, while misalignment leads to negative consequences.
Experts are discussing ways to reduce over-triage for patients with neurologic disease and find alternative care solutions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors propose a new approach to regional neurologic care, focusing on evidence-based guidelines and innovative distance care strategies.
Researchers found that brains use common words like 'pig' and 'tank' more often when recalling memories, suggesting a neural network connection. The study used memory tests, brain wave recordings, and surveys to support the idea that brains search for memories like search engines track information online.
Climate researchers projected changes in nine monsoon regions across five continents, revealing delayed onset and intensified seasonal fluctuation. The study found that reduced greenhouse gas emissions under RCP2.6 scenario could minimize long-term shifts, while RCP8.5 scenario predicts significant changes.
A new study found that T cells targeting the SARS-CoV-2 virus can help fight COVID-19, even in severe cases. The research also reveals similar responses to the virus among Dutch and American patients.
Researchers discovered that anammox bacteria can transfer electrons to solid-state matter outside their cells, bypassing traditional electron acceptors. This breakthrough has significant implications for sustainable wastewater treatment, energy production, and the global nitrogen cycle.
A Stanford-led study reveals a strong connection between air pollution and infant mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. The researchers found that even small increases in particulate matter concentrations lead to significant increases in infant mortality rates.
Researchers at GIST designed new chiral ligands to generate useful compounds in a single step, achieving high enantioselectivity and efficiency. The novel catalytic reaction paves the way for synthesizing novel drugs and natural products with numerous bioactivities.
A recent study published by the American College of Cardiology found that preterm delivery is a strong independent risk factor for ischemic heart disease (IHD) in women throughout their lives. Women who gave birth before 37 weeks are at an increased risk of developing IHD, with risks remaining elevated even decades after delivery.
Researchers at Imperial College London found that asteroid impact caused an impact winter decades long, decimating dinosaur habitats worldwide. In contrast, volcanic eruptions had a limited effect on global ecosystems.
Scientists from Hackensack Meridian Health have discovered specific locations in the DNA where expression changes are imbalanced, indicating risks of cancer and other diseases. This finding provides a key to understanding the beginnings of both cancers and non-cancerous diseases.
A new study from UC Davis found that raw milk can harbor antimicrobial-resistant genes, potentially spreading resistance if consumed. The researchers analyzed over 2,000 retail milk samples and found that raw milk had the highest prevalence of antibiotic-resistant microbes when left at room temperature.
A new study finds that environmental destruction may make pandemics more likely and less manageable. Ecosystems naturally restrain disease transfer, but degradation compromises water security and increases disease transmission.
Researchers create a new way to store data by sliding atomically thin layers of metal over one another, packing more data in less space while using less energy. This approach has the potential to be faster than current technologies, with some estimates suggesting it could be accomplished over 100 times faster.
Research from the University of Kent found that collectivist individuals are more likely to comply with social distancing and hygiene practices to reduce COVID-19 transmission. Individuals with a more individualist mindset are less likely to engage, partly due to conspiracy theories and feelings of powerlessness.
A new UK study found that faecal microbial transplantation (FMT) is more effective than antibiotics in treating Clostridium difficile infection, with higher cure rates and lower recurrence rates. FMT was also shown to be significantly more cost-effective, reducing hospitalization days and offering better quality of life for patients.
Scientists have identified similarities between ancient New Zealand penguins and Northern Hemisphere plotopterids, suggesting both groups were strong swimmers that used their wings to propel them deep underwater. The study sheds light on how birds evolved to use their wings for swimming instead of flying.
In virtual teams, team members value concrete steps to ensure achievement over charismatic personalities. Effective leadership online is driven by small actions like monitoring timelines, providing feedback, and coordinating teamwork.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a shift in end-of-life care, with patients dying alone due to social distancing measures. Researchers propose an alternative approach that balances infection control with family-centered care and culturally important rituals.
Researchers at NIMS and AIST have developed a small, energy-efficient sensor that can continuously monitor ethylene gas levels in fruits and vegetables, allowing for optimal transportation and storage schedules. This new sensor enables accurate estimation of ripening progression and potential reduction of food waste.
The project aims to develop advanced compression space suits designed to protect astronauts from physical strains in space missions. The technology is also transferable to medical applications for burns, sports injuries, lymphedema, osteoporosis, and cerebral palsy.
A systematic review and network meta-analysis suggest metformin-based therapy as a preferred first-line treatment for drug-naive patients with type 2 diabetes at low cardiovascular risk. Insulin regimens and GLP-1 RAs added to metformin-based background therapy produced the greatest reductions in hemoglobin A1c level.
Scientists have discovered a way to control plant processes, such as growth and immune response, using colored light. The new system, PULSE, allows for precise manipulation of gene expression and can be repeated multiple times, opening up possibilities for improving crop yields and plant defenses.
A team of scientists has found a way to generate the gas at precisely targeted locations inside the body, potentially opening new lines of research on nitric oxide's effects. The method uses an electric voltage to drive the reaction that produces nitric oxide.
A new study found that certain gut bacteria, such as Blautia obeum, can deactivate the disease-causing mechanisms of Vibrio cholerae, preventing it from colonizing the intestines. Increasing levels of this bacterium in the gut may provide a natural defense against cholera.
A Washington State University study found that 63% of pregnant women experienced 'stereotype threat,' leading them to conceal their pregnancy and take actions that harmed their health. The study highlights the need to address workplace stereotypes and provide support for pregnant employees.
A study by University of Utah Health and PEEL Therapeutics found that an overactive NET immune response may lead to increased blood clotting, disease severity, and death from COVID-19. A naturally occurring protein, nNIF, quiets this hyperactive response, potentially opening new avenues for treatment.
Research suggests that playtime with fathers from a young age can help children control their behavior and emotions. Fathers tend to engage in more physical play, which is well-suited for developing these skills. The study found a correlation between father-child play and children's ability to regulate their feelings and behaviors.
The Resource for Quantitative Elemental Mapping for the Life Sciences (QE-Map) will enable unprecedented insights into metal role in human health and disease. QE-Map will pioneer cutting-edge imaging and detection technologies to deepen understanding of interplay between metals and biological processes.
Researchers studying Western bumblebee decline identify multiple factors contributing to the species' decline. The study provides critical information on the species' range, gaps in knowledge, and conservation strategies.
Researchers from the University of Cologne and Bremen found that participants underestimated COVID-19 cases grew linearly, rather than exponentially. Interventions improved understanding of virus growth and increased support for social distancing.
A new study suggests that older adults spontaneously share fewer memories of their past experiences, with less detail in descriptions. Researchers analyzed daily conversations using a smartphone app and found this decline to be age-related, possibly linked to brain changes.
Researchers isolated 179 swine influenza viruses from pigs in China, grouped into six genotypes, and found one (G4 EA H1N1) exhibiting features characteristic of the 2009 pandemic lineage. The virus showed high infectivity and transmissibility in ferrets, raising concerns about its potential for pandemic spread in humans.
The new open access journal aims to deliver real-time, verified scientific information on COVID-19 research, sourced from all regions and fields, in a transparent process. Experts will produce expert reviews in days, using AI tools to identify promising scholarship.
A new study found that even when women outnumber men in science courses, they may still be experiencing gender biases from their peers. Women outperformed men in terms of GPA and statistically higher course grades, yet were less likely to seek help or perceive their male classmates as knowledgeable.
Researchers from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology have developed a method to observe excitation waves in heart tissue without the need for fluorescent dyes. This approach allows for more independent results, is cheaper, and can be used for longer observations than conventional methods.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University developed an efficient new way to quickly analyze complex geometric models by using Monte Carlo methods. This approach eliminates the need to divide shapes into meshes, reducing errors and increasing computation speed.
Scientists have developed a 3D mathematical model of the paradise tree snake's flight, revealing that aerial undulation enhances rotational stability. The team measured over 100 live snake glides and found that undulation is essential for maintaining control during glides.
Researchers tracked beaver activity in two regions of Alaska and found that they created 56 new lakes in just five years, with the number doubling every four years. This can accelerate permafrost thawing, releasing greenhouse gases and intensifying climate change.
New research reveals that weightlifting strengthens the reticulospinal tract, a neural pathway controlling posture and movement. The study, published in JNeurosci, found that increased strength is driven by strengthened signaling in this pathway.
Researchers discovered a new mechanism linking osmotic stress to the activation of autophagosomes and lysosomes, which play central roles in cellular recycling and degradation. The study provides insights into how environmental influences impact cellular processes and offers potential therapeutic avenues for neurodegenerative diseases.
A team has devised deep-learning and other computational approaches that dramatically reduce image-analysis time by orders of magnitude. They report their results in Nature Biotechnology, accelerating image analysis in three major ways: deconvolution, 3D registration, and complex deconvolution.
Researchers at RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences are conducting a clinical trial to test the effectiveness of alpha-1-antitrypsin in treating critically ill patients with severe COVID-19. The trial aims to understand how the body's inflammatory mechanisms are impacted by COVID-19.
A Boston University study found that 48% of teens in relationships have been stalked or harassed by a partner, while 42% have done the same to someone else. The research highlights the need to address non-physical dating abuse as a significant public health concern.