New research from Marshall University finds that production of peptide NaKtide in fat cells inhibits sodium pump function, preventing the development of cardiomyopathy associated with renal failure. The study also suggests targeting adipocytes may serve as a viable clinical strategy for preventing and treating the condition.
A team of scientists discovered a new antibiotic binding site on the ribosome, blocking protein synthesis in bacteria. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new antibacterial drugs that overcome existing antibiotic resistance.
Researchers have successfully engineered T-cells to target a variety of solid-tumor cancer cells in humans and mice using CAR-T therapy. The new approach broadens the potential targets by recognizing proteins with short sugar chains attached, which are often mutated in cancer cells.
New research reveals that indigenous Tsimane' people, American adults, preschoolers, and macaque monkeys exhibit similar recursion skills, indicating a shared cognitive process for conveying complex commands and ideas.
The CODEX instrument uses ablation lasers and mass spectrometry to determine rock ages with precision ±20-80 million years, significantly more accurate than current methods. The miniaturized version will enable faster data acquisition on lander missions to the Moon or Mars.
A UCLA bioengineer designed a glove-like device that can translate American Sign Language into English speech in real-time using a smartphone app. The system uses thin sensors to pick up hand motions and finger placements, which are then translated into spoken words at the rate of about one word per second.
Researchers propose a new method to read magnetic pole reversals by analyzing ice cores, which could be applied to other bodies in the solar system. The team created artificial snowfall with magnetic dust and froze it into hard ice, detecting a small but detectible magnetic moment that matched the applied fields.
A study by Queensland researchers found that half of individuals who fell from ladders experienced a deterioration in psychological wellbeing for at least six months after the incident. The study highlights the need for improved safety designs and injury prevention strategies to prevent ladder falls.
A new mathematical model for solar irradiance prediction has been developed at Uppsala University and proved highly reliable. The MCM model provides accurate forecasts of solar power production fluctuations, enabling greater control over solar energy use.
Researchers at KAUST used high-resolution modeling to show coral reefs play a crucial role in reducing wave heights by half along the Red Sea coastline, enabling safer coastal construction and reduced fill material costs.
A new report from psychologists at the University of Bath highlights emerging tensions between groups who interpret social distancing guidelines differently. As lockdown measures ease, people are now negotiating social distancing on an interpersonal level, leading to challenges for those who want to maintain strict practices.
Researchers discovered that looking at deep red light for three minutes a day can significantly improve declining eyesight in people over 40. The study found improvements in rod and cone sensitivity, with significant gains in color contrast sensitivity, particularly in the blue part of the spectrum.
A new study suggests that a type of MRI scan used for heart disease can also pick out aggressive cancers in children. The T1-mapping technique measures how water molecules interact inside cells, allowing clinicians to understand the cellular make-up of tissue and spot early signs of treatment effectiveness.
A study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology found that excessive sugar consumption is associated with increased fat stores around the heart and abdomen. The researchers analyzed data from a cohort study and found that higher intakes of sugary drinks and added sugar were related to greater fat stores.
Researchers found that nanofiber masks can be reused up to 10 times after spraying ethanol, while melt-blown filters lose efficiency after cleaning. This process inhibits pathogens and maintains air filtration rate.
Researchers used 3D magnetotelluric imaging to image magma reservoirs beneath Weishan volcano, revealing vertically distributed low-resistivity anomalies and melt fractions of over 15%. The findings suggest the volcano is in an active stage with potential for future eruptions.
Researchers at Lund University have developed a 3D model of human hippocampal tissue from induced pluripotent stem cells, allowing for the study of early cellular dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. The study found that patient-specific pathology differs between individuals with extreme symptomatology.
Researchers developed a novel photoacoustic imaging method using clinically-approved carbon nanoparticles to trace lymph nodes and guide fine needle aspiration biopsies. The technique improved image quality and accuracy for breast cancer staging, offering a promising alternative to existing methods.
A team of scientists designed a discontinuous fibrous Bouligand architecture to create exceptional fracture toughness and crack orientation insensitivity. The study reveals the origin of biomimetic microstructures for high-performance advanced composite materials.
Researchers found SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in COVID-19 patients and 2 uninfected controls, supporting the development of protective virus-specific T cells. The study suggests that these T cells can increase over time, especially for those with severe respiratory symptoms.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have engineered peptides that bind selectively to polysialic acid on cells, potentially providing a barrier against viruses. The findings suggest these peptides could be used to treat diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and cancer.
The global burden of thyroid cancer has increased significantly between 1990 and 2017, with a notable rise in younger age groups. The study found that the incidence rate varied greatly across different regions and socioeconomic factors, highlighting the need for targeted prevention and treatment strategies.
Researchers studied patterns in phylogenetic trees to understand how evolution and ecology interact. They found that ecological processes create a fractal structure in tree topology, leading to unbalanced branching.
Researchers have identified a new mechanism of toxicity in Alzheimer's disease, where Aβ protein assemblies disrupt the neuronal membrane, leading to cell death. The study provides insight into the atomic structure of these assemblies and proposes targeting membrane pores to prevent neurotoxicity.
Fires have spread across Angola and DRC in June 2020, with 61,661 alerts in Angola and 102,738 in DRC, according to Global Forest Watch. This 'slash and burn' agriculture practice has been used for over 12,000 years, clearing fields and returning nutrients to the soil.
The world's population aged 60 years and older is expected to reach 2 billion by 2050, with significant disparities in health conditions across the globe. The IIASA study reveals constant prevalence rates of severe activity limitations in low- and middle-income countries for the next 30 years.
Nobuo Sato has been awarded a five-year grant from the Department of Energy to develop the FemtoAnalyzer, a tool that will help nuclear physicists image the three-dimensional internal structure of protons and neutrons. The project aims to produce unprecedented resolution in understanding the building blocks of matter.
A new study warns of rising invasive species threats due to increased pathways and trade, causing significant environmental losses and economic damage. The research highlights the need for urgent action to prevent, detect, and control invaders at local and global levels.
Researchers reviewed the manufacturing methods and applications of hybrid materials made from cellulose nanocrystals. These materials exhibit excellent mechanical, thermal, and physico-chemical properties, making them suitable for various applications, including sensors, catalytic converters, and medical devices.
Marina Domracheva and Sofya Kulikova discovered a new method to analyze perceived similarity of food products using electroencephalography signals. They found that the power of gamma oscillations can reflect similarities in a cross-modal approach, providing a useful tool for neuromarketing studies.
Researchers discovered that self-replicating molecules can act as catalysts, speeding up ring formation and exhibiting a primitive form of metabolism. The system uses light energy to power growth, bringing artificial life one step closer.
The Childhood Solid Tumor Network data portal on St. Jude Cloud provides comprehensive data for studying pediatric solid tumors, accelerating discoveries and novel therapies. The portal offers interactive tools for analyzing genomic sequences, epigenetic data, and preclinical pharmacokinetic reports.
Liang Zhao at George Mason University has been awarded a $102,873 NSF CAREER Award to develop transformative frameworks for spatial network generative modeling. The project aims to learn complex generation processes from massive datasets and create more interpretable models.
The Suomi NPP satellite analyzed the expansive Saharan dust plume, which extended over 5,000 miles across the Atlantic Ocean and impacted air quality in North and South America. The aerosol particles have significant effects on human health, weather, and climate, including cooling or warming the earth.
A study by UOC researchers found that sexist views within families can impact academic decisions, with girls more likely to confront sexism and seek help, while boys tend to avoid it. The study also highlights the importance of educating both boys and girls on equality and dealing with sexism.
Researchers at the University of Surrey warn that many economies are experiencing prolonged periods of instability and slow growth due to 'secular stagnation'. The team's analysis suggests that the COVID-19 crisis may result in one of the weakest and most unstable recoveries in recorded history.
Researchers from UNIGE developed a computational model that reproduces the brain's mechanism for analyzing spoken language. The model uses predictive coding to optimize perception by constantly trying to predict sensory signals. It has successfully recognized thousands of syllables in hundreds of sentences, validating the idea that neu...
A multi-institutional research team found that humans and non-human primates can represent recursive sequences, suggesting a universal cognitive ability. The study's findings dispel the long-held belief that only humans possess this capacity.
A Brazilian biotech startup is developing a low-cost, high-performance COVID-19 diagnostic test using only locally sourced inputs. The test uses a cell-free protein synthesis technology to accelerate and optimize protein production processes.
Researchers have developed a novel approach for chiral drug synthesis in living systems, utilizing neutrophil-directed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation. This method enables site-selective synthesis of enantiomers, which is crucial for controlling the pharmacological activity of chiral drugs like Ibuprofen.
Researchers successfully tested an automated device for Parkinson's disease stage discrimination in individuals who cannot walk without support. The study concludes that automation can be achieved, offering improved accuracy and increased accessibility for patients with gait disorders.
Researchers at Linköping University have developed a new molecule that can be used to create high-quality indium nitride, enabling its use in high-frequency electronics. The indium triazenide molecule allows for epitaxial growth of indium nitride on silicon carbide substrates, producing extremely pure material.
The discovery of Po?niua??ena, the second-most distant quasar, sheds light on the formation of massive black holes and galaxies in the young universe. The quasar's existence challenges current theories, requiring a new mechanism to explain its massive size formed so early in the universe's history.
Researchers report a lower incidence of COVID-19 among HIV-positive patients receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC) therapy. Further investigation is warranted to understand the findings' implications for HIV preexposure prophylaxis and randomized trials.
Researchers linked long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution with premature death among older Americans, suggesting current US standards are insufficient. Strengthening standards could lead to a 6%-7% decrease in mortality risk and save thousands of lives.
A group of researchers developed an IO hybrid adsorbent to remove heavy metal Cadmium(II) from wastewater using the SI-ATRP method. The adsorbent showed high adsorption capacity and regeneration efficiency, making it a potential candidate for water pollution remediation.
A large systematic review of children with COVID-19 from 26 countries found that most cases had mild symptoms, with 19% having no symptoms. Laboratory findings showed abnormal inflammatory markers, but severe cases were rare, with only seven deaths reported.
Researchers used a statistical method to remove weather influences from air pollution data in Saxony, finding that traffic density is the most important factor. Adjusted for weather, NOx concentrations decreased by an average of 10 micrograms per cubic meter between 2015 and 2018.
Researchers identified Rhus glabra, a smooth sumac plant, as the first non-tobacco plant found in an archeological pipe. The discovery sheds light on ancient plant mixtures used by Native American tribes for ceremonial and medicinal purposes.
Michael E. Wolf-Branigin, a Professor of Social Work at George Mason University, has been awarded a Title IV-E Child Welfare Stipend Program grant valued at $267,675. The funding supports the development of social work students for long-lasting careers in child welfare.
Researchers confirmed the need to include three-nucleon interactions in electromagnetic transitions, using state-of-the-art gamma-ray detectors and femtosecond lifetimes measurements. The experiment found significant differences in lifetime predictions between two-body and three-body nuclear interactions.
Using highly novel techniques, researchers observed upper ocean currents of approximately 0.1-10 km in size, critical for controlling heat and carbon movement between the ocean and atmosphere. These findings contribute to improving our understanding of small-scale ocean and climate processes with impacts globally.
Tropical Storm Boris formed in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, with NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite providing visible imagery. The storm strengthened to maximum strength before weakening back into a depression over the next 12 hours.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba identified a novel protein complex, NWC, involved in regulating Aurora B localization to ensure correct chromosome separation. The study found that NWC functions in mitotic chromosome stability by allowing Aurora B to accumulate at centromeres.
Researchers from Wayne State University are developing a COVID-19 risk-prediction system to assess infection risk at different levels, including individually and at large-event levels. The system, CORPUS, will use edge intelligence and machine learning to predict risk based on various data inputs.
Researchers at Purdue University have created a more sustainable and greener method for producing composite boards by utilizing non-food-based biomass such as wood chips or rice straw. The new process reduces the use of formaldehyde-based resin binders, posing significant health hazards in consumer products.
Long-term use of muscle relaxants has increased dramatically since 2005, particularly among older adults, who are prescribed these drugs at a rate nearly three times that of their proportion in the US population. This trend is concerning, as it can lead to dangerous interactions with opioids and other serious side effects.
A study published in Circulation Research found that exposure to nitrogen dioxide from gas cookers can lower blood pressure by 5 mm Hg. Blood levels of nitrite also increased after exposure, suggesting a possible mechanism linking air pollution to cardiovascular health. The findings suggest that cooking with gas may have a beneficial e...
Researchers at UMBC develop independent vector analysis (IVA) for common subspace extraction (CS) to analyze fMRI data, identifying subgroups of schizophrenia patients with significant clinical significance. The method preserves nuances in data while rendering statistically significant groupings.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids developed a new intermetallic compound Al2Pt as a precursor for oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalyst material. The compound's reduced density of states and polar chemical bonding provide inherent OER activity, increasing stability under harsh oxidative conditions.